Democracy & The American Revolution

Transcription

1 CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS Using your textbook, notes, and graphic organizers, complete the critical thinking questions below. 1. What motto unified the patriots of the original Thirteen American Colonies against the British Parliament? (Pg 641 and Class Notes) 2. How might the Declaration of Independence be considered both justified and an act of treason? (Pgs , Class Notes & Critical Thinking) 3. Who had the greatest influence on the authors of the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution? (Class Notes & Critical Thinking) 4. After the failed Articles of Confederation, what systems inspired by Montesquieu were incorporated into the new U.S. Constitution? (Pg 645) 5. How did the writers of the U.S. Constitution adopt Montesquieu s ideas of Separation of Powers? (Pgs 644 & 645 and Class Notes) 6. Why did the U.S. Bill of Rights become an important part of the U.S. Constitution? (Pg 645 and Class Notes) 7. In what ways are the developments of the U.S. Government examples of both a democracy and a republic? (Class Notes and Critical Thinking)

2 ANTICIPATION QUESTIONS Answer the following questions using your prior knowledge. 1. Bunker Hill was the first battle of the American Revolution T F 2. Patrick Henry was a famous American Patriot who was quoted as saying Give me Liberty or Give me Death T F 3. The Boston Tea Party is an event that is often linked to T F a group known as the Sons of Liberty. 4. The U.S. Constitution was signed in 1776 declaring the Independence of the former British colonies. T F 5. No Taxation without Representation was a slogan that helped rally American colonists against British taxes. T F 6. Over 20 people were killed by British Troops during the Boston Massacre on March 5, T F 7. The British passed various acts taxing colonial use, sale and production of sugar, tea, and paper T F 8. Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama were among the original thirteen colonies. T F 9. The first ten amendments of the U.S. Constitution were known as the Bill of Rights. T F 10. Many of the taxes imposed on the colonists by the British were to pay for the cost of the French and Indian War. T F 11. Thomas Jefferson was influenced by ideas promoted by Enlightened thinkers like John Locke and Votaire when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. T F 12. France helped the Americans win the Revolutionary War. T F

3 GUIDED READING NOTES: Using your textbook (Chapter 22, Section 4, Pages ) complete the following timeline Conflict on the North American Continent In 1765 Parliament passed a law requiring tax on all paper products In 1770 British Troops fire on crowd of Colonial Protestors Boston Massacre In 1773 Protestors against British Tax on Tea take action In Sep 1774 First Meeting of Colonial Representatives In 1775 American Militia clash with British Troops 4 July nd Congress Signed In 1781 British under Lord Cornwallis Surrendered here In 1778 European Country sends troops to join the Americans against British In 1781 All 13 States Ratified New Constitution Signed in 1787 incorporated these two ideas from Montesquieu

4 ANALYZING THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE: Using the handout of the Declaration of Independence, identify the key passages in the document that best reflect the influences of the Enlightened Thinkers and the traditional documents of English Law. Analyzing the Opening to the Declaration of Independence JOHN LOCKE: The natural liberty of man is to be free from any superior power on earth ROUSSEAU: Sovereignty (of the People), for the same reason as makes it inalienable, is indivisible JOHN LOCKE: All mankind being equal, no one should harm another s Life, Health, Liberty or Possessions ROUSSEAU: Ultimately, the only good government is freely formed by the consent of the people and constantly guided by the general will of society Analyzing the Charges Brought against King & Parliament MAGNA CARTA (#12): No scutage nor aids shall be imposed unless by the common counsel of the Kingdom MAGNA CARTA & PETITION OF RIGHTS: No freeman shall be imprisoned, or exiled.... except by the lawful judgment of his peers PETITION OF RIGHTS (#VI): That the inhabitants shall not be compelled, against their will, to receive soldiers or mariners Into their houses, and suffer to support them. ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS (#6): That the raising and keeping of a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless with the consent of parliament, is against the law.

5 ANALYZING PRIMARY DOCUMENTS: Using the handout on the Declaration of Independence, complete the following graphic organizer by analyzing the document. Analyzing Guarantees of the U.S. Constitution Write the Article / Amendment Number and Title that is supported by the Enlightenment MONTESQUIEU S POWER MUST BE CHECKED BY POWER A. B. C. VOLTAIRE S I DON T AGREE WITH A WORD YOU SAY, BUT WILL DEFEND TO THE DEATH YOUR RIGHT TO SAY IT BECCARIA S THE MORE IMMEDIATE THE PUNISHMENT, THE MORE JUST AND USEFUL IT WILL BE ROUSSEAU S GOOD GOVERNMENT IS FREELY FORMED AND GUIDED BY THE GENRAL WILL AND CONSENT OF THE PEOPLE BECCARIA S PUNISHMENT SHOULD NOT BE VIOLENT. THE SEVERITY OUGHT TO BE PROPORTIONATE TO THE CRIME MAGNA CARTA & PETITION OF RIGHTS: No freeman shall be imprisoned, or exiled.... except by the lawful judgment of his peers ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS (#10): That excessive bail ought not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. ACT of HABEAS CORPUS (Part II, Sect 1): For the more speedy relief of all persons imprisoned for any such criminal or supposed criminal matters