JWJ Civics Remediation

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1 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.1 Recognize how Enlightenment ideas including Montesquieu s view of separation of powers and John Locke s theories related to natural law and how Locke s social contract influence the Founding Fathers. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Natural Law Separation of Powers Social contract John Locke Charles Montesquieu Benchmark Clarifications Identify and describe the Enlightenment ideas of separation of powers, natural law, and social contract. Based on what you know, how would you explain how Enlightenment ideas influenced the Founder s beliefs about individual liberties and government.

2 *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. What role did the Enlightenment ideas contribute to major decisions of the Founding Fathers. How would you compare and contrast the theories of Locke and Montesquieu? How did Enlightenment ideas impact the Founding Fathers beliefs regarding individual liberties?

3 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.2 Trace the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Thomas Paine s Common Sense had on colonists views of government. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Common Sense English Bill of Rights Limited monarchy Magna Carta Mayflower Compact Self-government Thomas Paine Benchmark Clarifications Identify the important ideas contained in the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Common Sense. Evaluate the impact that the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Mayflower Compact, and Common Sense had on the purposes of government.

4 *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How did earlier documents play a factor in colonists perspective of government? What role did Thomas Paine play in shaping early perceptions regarding government s role? Why was establishing a governing body important among colonists?

5 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.3 Describe how English policies and responses to colonial concerns led to the writing of the Declaration of Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Declaration of Independence French and Indian War Independence Individual Rights Representation Taxation Benchmark Clarifications Trace the causal relationships between English/British policies, English responses to colonial grievances, and the writing of the Declaration of Independence. How would you justify the underlying themes of English colonial policies concerning taxation, representation, and individual rights that formed the basis of the American colonists desire for independence.

6 *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How did the British need for revenue correlate to its eroding relationship with the colonies? Why did English colonial policies provide the motivation for independence among colonists? How did the Declaration of Independence provide colonists justification for independence?

7 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.4 Analyze the ideas (natural rights, role of the government) and complaints set forth in the Declaration of Independence. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. assent Declaration of Independence independence Individual rights Natural rights oppression representation Self-evident Tyranny Benchmark Clarifications Explain the concept of natural rights as expressed in the Declaration of Independence.

8 Identify the natural rights specifically expressed in the Declaration of Independence. What ideas justify the connection between specific grievances in the Declaration of Independence and natural rights violations. What evidence can you find to show your understanding of the colonial complaints as identified in the Declaration of Independence *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How did the colonists provide support for grievances outlined in the Declaration of Independence? Why did English colonial policies provide the motivation for independence among colonists?

9 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.5 Identify how the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation led to the writing of the Constitution. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Articles of Confederation Constitutional Convention debt Shays Rebellion Benchmark Clarifications Identify the weaknesses of the government under the Articles of Confederation *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How did the Articles of Confederation limit the role of the central government?

10 Why was the Articles of Confederation ineffective in allowing the government to deal with national crisis?

11 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.7 Describe how the Constitution limits the powers of government through separation of powers and checks and balances. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Checks and balances Constitution Constitutional government Separation of powers Benchmark Clarifications Explain the concept of limited government as set forth in the U.S. Constitution. Describe and distinguish between the concepts of separation of powers and checks and balances. Analyze and describe how government power is limited by separation of powers and/or checks and balances.

12 What evidence and examples of separation of powers and checks and balances can be found in the American system of government. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. What are some similarities and differences in the two systems that limit government power? How are people significant to the operation of an effective government?

13 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.8 Explain the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists regarding the ratification of the Constitution and inclusion of a bill of rights. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Anti-federalist Federalist papers Separation of powers Checks and balances Benchmark Clarifications Identify the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists about the ratification of the U.S. Constitution Contrast the viewpoints of the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists about the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. What motive is there for the Anti-Federalists reasons for the inclusion of a bill of rights in the U.S. Constitution.

14 *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How did views on the Constitution similar and different among Federalists and Anti-Federalists? What would happen to society without a Bill of Rights based on Anti-Federalists views? How were conflicts regarding ratification resolved among Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

15 STANDARD 1: Demonstrate an understanding of the origins and purposes of government, law, and the American political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.1.9 Define the rule of law and recognize its influence on the development of the American legal, political, and governmental systems. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Rule of law Benchmark Clarifications Compare and contrast between the characteristics of a society that operates under the rule of law and one that does not. What ideas justify the importance of the rule of law in protecting citizens from arbitrary and abusive uses of government power. What conclusion can you draw on the impact of the rule of law on governmental officials and institutions (accountability to the law, fair procedures, decisions based on the law, consistent application, enforcement of the law, and transparency of institutions).

16 *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How does a society function without laws? Why is it significant to have safeguards in place against abusive power by the government? How are political, government, and legal systems held accountable to abiding to laws?

17 STANDARD 2: Evaluate the roles, rights, and responsibilities of U.S. citizens, and determine methods of active participation in society, government, and the political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.2.1 Define the term citizen, and identify legal means of becoming a U.S. citizen. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Fourteenth amendment Naturalized citizen Alien Immigrant Law of blood Law of soil resident Benchmark Clarifications Define citizenship as stated in the Fourteenth Amendment.

18 Describe the process of becoming a naturalized citizen. Describe the impact of the naturalization process on society, government, or the political process. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How does the Fourteenth Amendment guarantee citizenship? How has the naturalization process impact societal growth?

19 STANDARD 2: Evaluate the roles, rights, and responsibilities of U.S. citizens, and determine methods of active participation in society, government, and the political system. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.2.5 Distinguish how the Constitution safeguards and limits individual rights. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Appellate process Ex post facto Habeas corpus Independent judiciary precedent privacy Summary judgement Benchmark Clarifications Recognize that rights are protected, but are not unlimited.

20 How would prove the concept for limiting individual rights. How would you rate the impact of limits on individual rights on social behavior. What would recommend the role of the judicial branch of government in protecting individual rights be? *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Why is it necessary for government to limit individual freedoms? How does the judicial branch aid in protecting individual rights? What role does the Constitution play in controlling social behavior?

21 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.1 Compare different forms of government (direct democracy, representative democracy, socialism, communism, monarchy, oligarchy, autocracy). Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Absolute monarchy Direct democracy Representative democracy republic socialism communism Monarchy Oligarchy autocracy Benchmark Clarifications How would you classify the different forms of government based on its political philosophy or organizational structure.

22 How would you rate the various forms of government. Students will apply their understanding of the definitions of the various forms of government. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. What is the difference between a direct democracy and a representation democracy? What is the difference between Communism and Socialism? How does an oligarchy conflict with democratic principles?

23 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.2 Compare parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. confederal federal governor parliamentary president Prime minister unitary Benchmark Clarifications Students will define parliamentary, federal, confederal, and unitary systems of government. Students will compare the organizational structures of systems of government.

24 What is your opinion of these systems of government? Describe the various systems of government. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. What is the difference between a governor and president? How do the organizational structures of systems of government function? How are federal, confederal, and unitary systems similar and different from one another?

25 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.3 Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. articles Approval of presidential appointments Armed forces Coin and print money Concurrent powers Declare war Delegated powers Elastic clause Enumerated powers Executive foreign relations Impeachment Implied powers Judiciary Legislature Naturalization laws Necessary and proper

26 Regulation of immigration Regulation of trade Benchmark Clarifications Identify the structure of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Students will compare the roles and responsibilities of the three branches of the federal government. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How does the Constitution establish shared power among the three branches of government? How does the Constitution safeguard against any one branch becoming too powerful?

27 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.4 Identify the relationship and division of powers between the federal government and state governments. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Concurrent powers Delegated powers Enumerated powers federalism Reserved powers Supremacy clause Define the system of federalism. Benchmark Clarifications Analyze how federalism limits government power.

28 Compare concurrent powers, enumerated powers, reserved powers, and delegated powers as they relate to state and federal government. Analyze the issues related to the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How are the federal and state governments similar in how power is divided? Why is division of power in government necessary? How does the division of powers between the federal and state governments ensure that government does not abuse its authority?

29 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.6 Evaluate constitutional rights and their impact on individuals and society. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Civil disobedience Economic freedom Forced internment Property rights Benchmark Clarifications Identify how individual rights shape involvement in the social, political, and economic systems Describe how the social, political, and economic systems in the United States are dependent upon individual rights.

30 Evaluate the impact of the government upholding and/or restricting individual constitutional rights *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How does the relationship between individual rights and social, political, and economic systems impact everyday life? How does the government manage its responsibility to restrict and/or uphold individual constitutional rights?

31 STANDARD 3: Demonstrate an understanding of the principles, functions, and organization of government. TESTED BENCHMARK BENCHMARK SS.7.C.3.7 Analyze the impact of the 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th amendments on participation of minority groups in the American political process. Student Directions: In your own words, fully explain each of the phrases, people, or events below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. Civil Rights Acts of 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1968 Equal Rights Amendment States rights Voting Rights Act of 1965 Explain the rights outlined in these amendments. Benchmark Clarifications Evaluate the impact these amendments have had on various social movements.

32 Explain how the amendments were developed to address previous civil rights violations. *HIGHER ORDER QUESTIONS Directions: In your own words, fully answer the questions below. Include as many details as possible to create an answer that will truly assist in studying for the end of course exam. How has the 14 th amendment expanded due process to minority groups? How did the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments impact participation in the political process? Why was the 19 th amendment significant in redefining political participation for women? Why is the 24 th amendment significant in ensuring political involvement for citizens as registered voters?

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