TOTALITARIANISM. Part A. Two Despots

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1 Part A TOTALITARIANISM [1] The author George Orwell wrote a book about a totalitarian society. the book was called In the book the people are controlled by a strict government that not only regulates their actions but it also regulates their thoughts. It is the story of a totalitarian society. Two Despots Stalin and Hitler were both totalitarian dictators. Both men controlled their people with a strong government and military force.

2 McClung Social 30-1 THE RISE OF TOTALITARIANISM WHAT IS TOTALITARIANISM? Use a dictionary or your textbook to find the definitions to the following vocabulary. You may need to create a new chart to fit the definitions. Naomi Wolf In the book, The End of America, A Letter of Warning to a Young Patriot, American author Naomi Wolf outlines ten steps that "totalitarian, and other repressive leaders [employ to] seize and maintain power, especially in what were once democracies. TEN STEPS TO TOTALITARIANISM 1. Invoke a terrifying internal and external enemy 2. Create a gulag 3. Develop a thug caste 4. Set up an internal surveillance system 5. Harass citizens' groups 6. Engage in arbitrary detention and release 7. Target key individuals 8. Control the press 9. Equate dissent to treason 10. Suspend the rule of law TERM totalitarianism authoritarianism despotism tyrant Bolshevik gulag kulaks collectivization dissent anarchy fascism propaganda scapegoat militarism nationalism national socialism anarchy central planning DEFINITION [2]

3 WHAT HAPPENED IN RUSSIA IN 1905? Bloody Sunday marked the end of the peoples faith in the Tsar. A timeline of events leading to the Russian Revolution of 1917 YEAR EVENT 1887 Lenin's brother, Alexander Ulyanov, is executed for plotting to kill Tsar Alexander III 1894 Tsar Alexander III dies and his sonnicholas II becomes the ruler of Russia 1895 Lenin is arrested and exiled to Siberia 1905 Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg begins the 1905 Russian Revolution 1905 The October Manifesto, issued by Tsar Nicholas II, brings an end to the 1905 Russian Revolution by promising civil liberties and an elected parliament (the Duma). This parliament would be a place where the peoples complaints can be heard World War One Begins 1915 Tsar Nicholas II takes command of the armies in battle 1917 The 1917 Revolution begins with strikes, demonstrations, and mutinies in Petrograd. the Tsar tried to dissolve the Duma, Alexander Kerensky, leader of the Duma, refused. He declared a Provisional Government and seized political power. Kerensky kept Russia in the War in order to receive Allied aid. [3]

4 WORLD WAR ONE A Quick review of WW1 from your past years of Social Studies World War one was fought from 1914 to More than 60 million soldiers fought in the war, and 10 million men lost their lives. The conflict eventually involved 32 countries. Prior to the war breaking out there were two main sets of alliances. The Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance. The Triple Entente consisted of France, Britain and Russia while the Triple Alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente lasted from 1882 until the war began. When Italy saw that its allies were instigators in the battle the stepped out of their alliance. They were only in the alliance for defense purposes. The war was then fought between the Triple Entente (often referred to as the allies) and the Central Powers. The Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary and the OttomanEmpire. The colonies of all the main countries were also dragged into the war. ALLIANCES IN THE WAR JULY -AUGUST 1914 War is declared between the Tipple Alliance and the Triple Entente. AUGUST 1914 Japan declares war on Germany in a move to take over Germany s Chinese colonies. OCTOBER 1914 Turkey (the Ottoman Empire) joins the war on the side of the Central Powers. MAY 1915 Italy joins the Allies. OCTOBER 1915 Bulgaria joins the Central Powers. MARCH 1916 Portugal joins the Allies. AUGUST 1916 Romania joins the Allies. APRIL 1917 The USA declares war on the Central Powers. [4]

5 RISE OF COMMUNISM 1917 was a year that changed the face of the world. WATCH THE FILM CLIPS TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS from 1:23 - end (Queueing: means lining up) 1. Appears to be the reason for the strike? 2. Who were the cossaks? 3. How does the Tsar contribute to the problems? 4. In this film clip where did you see an example of radicals? 5. In this film clip where did you see an example of reactionaries? For discussion: What did the peoples banners say? Where should this put them on the spectrums? [5]

6 Introduction to Lenin and Trotsky From 6:06-8:49 MARXIST - LENINISM From 9:00-10:00 From 15:16-18:10 1. What became criminal acts with communism? 2. Why was Lenin being Criticized? 3. What are the commanding heights of the economy? 4. What is Central planning? Who would be Lenin s successor? [6]

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