INDIA BANGLADESH SRI LANKA NEPAL BHUTAN PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN

Transcription

1 SOUTH ASIA Hot Topics Overview INDIA BANGLADESH SRI LANKA NEPAL BHUTAN PAKISTAN AFGHANISTAN

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3 Physical Geography

4 South Asia is a subcontinent formed by plate tectonics

5 Creation of the Realm Continental Drift Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 5

6 The South Asia plate that is still moving. The result is that the Himalaya Mountains are continuing to be pushed higher.

7 The Himalayas What is the effect of the mountains on populations in Nepal and Bhutan?

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14 Rainwater and snowmelt from the Himalayas form the region s major rivers

15 Monsoons

16 Monsoons: Seasons NOT defined by temperature patterns, but by precipitation patterns Seasonal shift in the prevailing wind direction Dry monsoon Wet monsoon Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 16

17 Natural Resources Coal and iron in India Natural gas in Pakistan and India Precious and semi-precious stones, especially in Sri Lanka Top resource in the region is arable land

18 Economy

19 Development Index HDI Data India Pakistan Bangladesh Per Capita $3,700 $2,800 $1,700 GDP Life Expectancy Births per woman Infant Mortality Literacy Rate 61% 50% 48% Years Schooling

20 Less developed to developing status Still much subsistence agriculture and cottage industries Child labor is an issue Growth of service industries such as telecommunications, software, etc. Outsourcing of jobs from the US (such as call centers) Why?

21 Labor Costs per Hour

22 Outsourced

23 KEY HISTORICAL IMPACT Like India, most of the region was a British colony until Though there are many regional languages, English is commonly spoken especially for business and government When given independence, area was broken into two countries (India & Pakistan) Lines were drawn mostly by religion Muslim dominated areas became Pakistan Hindu dominated areas became India

24 Government

25 Another impact of British colonization: Democracy is the prevalent form of government forms include republics, parliamentary, and constitutional monarchy (Bhutan) India is the largest democracy in the world Pakistan has alternated between democracy and dictatorships war in neighboring Afghanistan puts great pressure on the government

26 Culture

27 Prevalent religions: Islam - (Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh) Hinduism - (India) Buddhism - (Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka) Religion has major impact on lifestyles. For example, beef is taboo to most Indians because cattle are sacred in Hinduism

28 Hindus believe in reincarnation, the caste system, & consider the Ganges River to be sacred.

29 Caste System in India: Ancient idea that has stayed. People born into a level of society. Though officially banned, affects jobs, education and social relationships

30 Bollywood - Movie making and movie going are much more popular there---average Indian goes to 10 times more movies than Americans

31 Cultural Diffusion Goes Both Ways..

32 Regional Issues

33 Population: Region has 1.37 billion people, 1.17 billion of which live in India India is the 2 nd largest country by population---has a much higher growth rate than China, so India will eventually be #1.

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35 Population density in Bangladesh is about 2,600 per sq mile 80 for USA; 1,035 for India

36 POPULATION DENSITY COMPARISON United States - Bangladesh UNITED STATES 77 people/ sq mile 133,000,000 50,300 Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff BANGLADESH 2,644 people/ sq mile 36

37 Water Pollution and Disease 38.5 million lack clean water in Pakistan; millions of wells in Bangladesh have arsenic, estimate 20,000 die annually

38 Floods and Cyclones Bangladesh: in 1970 a massive flood hit East Pakistan that killed 300,000 people 8 of the 10 worst natural disasters of the 20 th century in terms of death toll were Bengali floods =11;al=30;stl=f;st=f;nsl=t;se=t$wst;tts=C$ts;sp= ;ti=2008$zpv;v= 0$inc_x;mmid=XCOORDS;iid=phAwcNAVuyj1jiMAkmq1iMg;by=const$inc_y;mmi d=ycoords;iid=phawcnavuyj0npf2ptov2cw;by=const$inc_s;univalue=8.21;ii d=rtespulrtyleohpurqe8rag;by=ind$inc_c;univalue=255;gid=catid0;by=grp $map_s;sma=94;smi=1$cd;bd=0$inds=;modified=64

39 Conflict India-Pakistan Conflict Both nations have nuclear weapons, & they are the only neighboring countries in the world that have them that are not allies. This is one of the most serious, potentially violent situations in the world today. Islamic militants and war in Afghanistan Potential to destabilize the region Terrorism, refugees, drug trade

40 AFGHANISTAN Was a U.S. ally in 1979 when the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan trying to take it over. In 1994, the Taliban took over Afghanistan They used a form of Sharia Law that was very extreme, especially in terms of the limitations placed on women s rights. Openly supported al-qaeda & Osama bin Laden.

41 AFGHANISTAN Weeks after 9/11, the U.S. invaded Afghanistan with two objectives Find al-qaeda Remove the Taliban from power Unfortunately, the Taliban has resurfaced in Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan in the last few years. Have actually convinced Pakistan to allow Sharia Law in certain areas of Pakistan.

42 Osama Bin Laden Osama bin Laden was killed in Pakistan on May 2, 2011 by a United States by a team of United States Navy SEALs. The raid on bin Laden's compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan was launched from Afghanistan. After the raid, U.S. forces took bin Laden's body to Afghanistan for identification, then buried it at sea within 24 hours of his death per Islamic tradition.