In your notes... What caused the American Revolution?

Transcription

1 In your notes... What caused the American Revolution?

2 Unit Question Was the American Revolution truly revolutionary?

3 Causes of the American Revolution

4 In the news... Scotland is seeking independence from the United Kingdom 1707: voted to become Great Britain what s at stake: oil what won t change: the queen

5 The Great Awakening series of local religious revivals that occurring in response to relaxed and declining religious devotion revivalists encouraged colonists to trust their own views over the elites question traditional religious authorities such as established churches

6 Jonathan Edwards Sermon The God that holds you over the pit of hell, much as one holds a spider, or some loathsome insect over the fire, abhors you, and is dreadfully provoked: his wrath towards you burns like fire; he looks upon you as worthy of nothing else, but to be cast into the fire; he is of purer eyes than to bear to have you in his sight; you are ten thousand times more abominable in his eyes, than the most hateful venomous serpent is in ours

7 French and Indian War also called the Seven Years War in Europe, the English desired French forts in western Pennsylvania at the beginning, the English were losing

8 French and Indian War British success under William Pitt gained support of the Iroquois ended with the Treaty of Paris Great Britain claimed Canada east of Mississippi took Florida from Spain

9 Proclamation of 1763 closed frontier to colonial expansion excluded territory from Ohio to Mississippi

10 If England won the war, why would this event be a cause for revolution?

11 The End of Salutary Neglect Salutary Neglect = unofficial British policy of enforcing parliamentary law in the colonies The British Parliament needed money to pay off war debts accumulated during the French and Indian War

12 Taxation Sugar Act (1765)= import tax tax on wine, sugar, indigo, and molasses Stamp Act (1765) = first direct tax; tax on documents ex. newspapers

13 Taxation Townshend Act (1767) duties (import taxes) glass, oil, paint, lead, paper, and tea created by Charles Townshend, financial British minister

14 Why were the colonists upset over paying taxes? Taxes have been around since ancient Mesopotamia...

15 No Taxation, Without Representation? some colonists upset that their voice was not heard in parliament the colonial leaders knew that parliamentary representation would mean nothing wanted to be separate from England

16 Other Important Factors Writs of Assistance authorized British officers to search houses for smuggling reauthorized in Townshend Acts Quartering Act (1765) colonists must house and feed troops

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18 What happened? Part One Parliament sent over 4,000 British redcoat soldiers to Boston (pop. 16,000) troops began to compete with jobs with the Boston citizens TENSIONS!!!

19 What happened? Part Two March 5, 1768 a crowd of Boston citizens started throwing snowballs at British soldiers British soldiers fired into the crowd five dead the soldiers were put on trial and defended by John Adams- most found not guilty

20 Reexamining the Boston Massacre What does the word massacre mean? What are examples that you can think of? Does it apply to this event?

21 Terms to know massacre: indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people propaganda: a form of communication aimed towards influencing the attitude of a population toward some cause or position

22 The Bloody Massacre use the image to answer questions 1-5 make sure for EACH QUESTION, you reference parts of the image According to the image (insert description of image here) illustrates that

23 Causes of the Revolution: Part II

24 Faces of the Revolution John Adams member of Continental Congress drafter of Declaration of Independence ambassador to France

25 Faces of the Revolution Samuel Adams most radical of patriots led Boston Tea Party signed Declaration of Independence

26 Faces of the Revolution Benjamin Franklin Pennsylvania legislature Second Continental Congress draft Declaration

27 Faces of the Revolution Thomas Jefferson wrote Declaration of Independence Virginia legislator and ambassador to France

28 Faces of the Revolution John Hancock funded colonial resistance President of Continental Congress largest signer of Declaration

29 Faces of the Revolution George Washington general of the colonial army

30 In your notes Who was the most influential figure in the American Revolution?

31 Tea Act (1773) the Dutch East India did not have to pay taxes on imports, unlike colonial merchants would drive out colonial competition due to higher prices

32 Boston Tea Party December 16, 1773 group of colonists disguised as Native Americans boarded ships loaded with tea dumped 300 chests of tea into the harbor (equivalent of 4 million dollars in today s money)

33 What s a Tea Party? elite English social gathering- especially for women

34 Effects of this Tea Party created harder divisions between Tories (loyalists) and Patriots King George- The die is now cast, the colonies must submit or triumph

35 Effects of the Tea Party Coercive/ Intolerable Acts (1774) close port of Boston altered the Massachusetts Charter quartering of soldiers

36 Quebec Act lowered the border of Canada to include Ohio River religious toleration for Catholics

37 Why would the colonists not like the Quebec Act?

38 Establishment of the Continental Congress convened in Philadelphia from Sept. 5thOctober 26, delegates- the most prominent political leaders from twelve of the colonies (Georgia did not come)

39 Establishment of the Continental Congress opposed Intolerable Acts, boycott of British goods, and created a list of rights

40 Common Sense

41 Common Sense written by Thomas Paine in 1776 wrote after the war had started wrote about colonial grievances directed toward the public sold 150,000 copies (35 million copies in today s standard)

42 What is he saying??? Paraphrase each passage to make more common sense.

43 Effect of Common Sense swayed those on the fense people still had family and friends in England created mass public opinion in favor of independence