Mod Civ CST/STAR Review. CLUSTER 3: CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR 1 (Standards )

Transcription

1 Mod Civ CST/STAR Review CLUSTER 3: CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF WORLD WAR 1 (Standards ) Standard 10.5 The First World War of the twentieth century was the result of uncontrolled national pride, competition in the race for colonies, military buildup, and rival military alliances. The war permanently changed the map of Europe and the nature of war itself. Causes of World War I Nationalism Militarism Events that Led to War Event Imperialism Alliances Description / Significance 1871 French lose the Franco Prussian War and the Alsace Lorraine province 1882 Triple Alliance formed 1890 German foreign policy changes 1890s European arms race 1907 Triple Entente formed 1908 Austria annexes Bosnia & Herzegovina 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated

2 Taking Sides: List the countries were part of each alliance. Triple Alliance (Central Powers) Triple Entente (Allies) Reasons for Entering the War (July-Aug 1914) Country Allied With Reason for Entering the War Austria Hungary Germany Germany Austria Hungary Serbia Russia Russia Serbia, France, Britain France Russia and Britain Belgium NEUTRAL Britain France and Russia CRITICAL THINKING QUESTION: Historians still debate who should bear the blame for starting this catastrophic war. Based on what you see above, who do you think should be blamed? Why? Germany s Schlieffen Plan (write a description of Germany s plan in the space below)

3 A war on two fronts Western Front Trench warfare Small land gains Germany vs. Britain & France Eastern Front Absence of trenches Large land gains Germans, Austrians & Turks vs. Russians & Serbs More mobile warfare Both Fronts Huge numbers of soldiers killed Mass destruction of land Deplorable conditions Stalemates Truly a World War Country Why did this country become involved in the war? How did this country contribute to the war? Be sure to mention the Dardanelles The Ottoman Empire There are 4 reasons the U.S. got involved (explain all of them) 1. The Lusitania 2. Unrestricted submarine warfare The United States 3. Zimmerman Note 4. Sympathy for the Allies India Colonies in Africa Colonies in Asia Critical Thinking Question: How did colonial regions feel about being involved in the war? What did many hope to gain from it? Critical Thinking Answer:

4 TOTAL WAR s Economic EFFECTs Governments took great control of economies, telling factories what and how much to produce Civilian factories were turned into munitions factories Rationing was common Women became a significant part of the work force More people were put to work WILSON S FOURTEEN POINTS Listed below are key components of Wilson s Fourteen Points. In the space above the list, describe the purpose behind his statement. End to secret treaties Freedom of the seas Free trade Reduced national armies and navies Adjustment of colonial claims with fairness toward colonial peoples (6-14) Specific suggestions for changing & creating new nations guided by self-determination principle General association of nations that would protect great & small states alike (League of Nations) The Treaty of Versailles: Describe each of the major provisions listed below and then answer the critical thinking questions. League of Nations Territorial Losses Military Restrictions War Guilt Critical Thinking Question: In what ways did the treaty punish Germany? Critical Thinking Answer: Critical Thinking Question: What two provinces were returned to France as a result of the treaty? Critical Thinking Answer:

5 The Great War (re create/copy the chart on page 382 of the Mod Civ textbook) Long Term Causes Immediate Causes Long Term Effects Immediate Effects Key World War I Vocabulary (Define each of the following) Mobilize Ultimatum Neutrality Stalemate Zeppelin U Boat

6 Convoy Trench Warfare Total War Conscription Propaganda Atrocity Self Determination Armistice Pandemic (Flu in 1918) Reparations Collective Security The Lost Generation World War I Critical thinking questions (Answer in complete sentences) Why is WWI described as the war to end all wars? What effect did the Russian Revolution have on WWI? Why did the United States try to remain neutral at the start of the war?

7 Who are civilians and how were they affected by WWI? What effect did WWI have on colonial people around the world? Why did the United States reject the League of Nations? How did the map of Europe change as a result of WWI? How did the disillusionment as well as economic and political instability after WWI lead to the rise of totalitarian governments in the 1920s and 1930s? How did art, architecture, music, and literature change as a result of WWI?