1

Transcription

1 1

2 . Braunerhjelm et al,2011 Center of entrepreneurship and public policy, spss 2

3 Bosma,Jones,Autio,Levie,Reynolds(2008) Reynolds,Hunt,Debono,Servais,lopez-Garcia,Chin(2005) Khilstrom,Laffont,(1979) Vivarelli(2011),Acs,Strenberg(2008),Glaeser,Kerr(2010),Graham(2005),Vanstel,Car ree,thrik(2005) Davidssion,1997 3

4 shane,2003 Feldman,2001 Arenius et al,2005;minniti et al,2007 Hills et al,2004 Shane et al,2000 Khilstrom et al,1979 Bosma,2008 4

5 Reynolds et al,2005 Reynolds et al,2005 Vivarelli,2011 Vanstal et al,2005 Feldman,2001 Acs et al,2009 Acs et al,2008 Glaeser et al,2010 5

6 . Aks et al,2008 Aks et al,2008 Aks et al,2008 6

7 Graham,2005 barton,2002 Sarkissoan,2008 Salami&godarzi,2006 7

8 . shishkin,2002 (Gompers et al, 2001) (Etzkowitz, 2005) 8

9 9

10 11 P-value

11 H1 H0 H0 P-value P-value H0 P-value H1 H0 P-value 11

12 Reference 1. Acs.Z,Bosma.N,Sternberg.R,The Entrepreneurial Advantage Of World Cities, Is Published Under The Scales-Initiative As Part Of The 'Smes And Entrepreneurship Programme' Financed By The Netherlands Ministry Of Economic Affairs,(2008). 2. Acs.Z,Glaeser.E,Litan.R,Fleming.L,Goetz.S,Kerr.W,Klepper.S,Rosenthal.S,Sorenson.O,Stran ge.w,entrepreneurship And Urban Success: Toward A Policy Consensus,By The Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation,(2008). 3. Acs.Z,Virgill.N,Entrepreneurship In Developing Countries, Jena Economic Research Papers , Jena Economic Researchpapers 4. Atkinson.R,Innovation In Cities And Innovation By Cities, Information Technology And Innovation Foundation (2012), 5. Audretsch.D,Acs.Z,Feldman.M, R&D Spillovers And Innovative Activity, Managerial And Decision Economics 15, No. 2 March April 1994, Audretsch.D.B,Keilbach.M.C,Knowledge Spillover Entrepreneurship, Innovation And Economic Growth, Handbook Of Research On Innovation And Entrepreneurship,Cheltenham, Elgar, (2011), Bosma,N.S,Jones.K,Autio.E,Levie.J,(2008):Global Entrepreneurship Monitor; 2007 Executive Report, Babson College, London Business School, And Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (Gera). 8. Braunerhjelm.P,Entrepreneurship,Innovation And Economic Growth: Interdependencies, Irregularities And Regularities, In 12

13 Audretsch,D.B,Falck,O,Heblich.S,Lederer.A,(Eds.),Handbook Of Research On Innovation And Entrepreneurship, Cheltenham,Elgar,2011, Center Of Entrepreneurship And Public Policy, Davidsson.P,Nascent Entrepreneurs:Empirical Studies And Developments,Foundations And Trends In Entrepreneurship 2(2006), Davidsson,P.Researching Entrepreneurship,Springer:New York,(2004). 12. Etzkowitz.H, The Renewal Of Venture Capital: Toward A Counter-Cyclical Model,Technology Analysis And Strategic Management, 17(2005), Pp Feldman.M.P, The Entrepreneurial Event Revisited:Firm Formation In A Regional Context. Industrial And Corporate Change(2001), Glaser.E,Kerr.W,What Make A City Entrepreneurial,By Taubman Center For State And Local Government, (2010), 15. Graham.D, Wider Economic Benefi Ts Of Transport Improvements: Link Between City Size And Productivity. London: Department For Transport; Rice,P. And Venables,A.(2004) Spatial Determinants Of Productivity: Analysis For The Regions Of Great Britain. Unpublished Paper. London: Lse.,(2005) 16. Hills.G.E,Singh.R.P.Opportunity Recognition. The Handbook Of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, Sage Publications,2004, Jaffe, Adam B. Real Effects Of Academic Research, The American Economic Review, Vol. 79, No. 5, December 1989, Khilstrom, R.E., And Jefan-Jacques Laffont,A General Equilibrium Entrepreneurship Theory Of Firm Formation Based On Risk Aversion, Journal Of Political Economy 87(1979), Philip Shishkin, European Regulators Spark Controversy With Dawn Raids, Wall St. J., Mar. 1, 2002, Et A Rauch.A,Frees.M,Psychological Approaches To Entrepreneurial Success. A General Model And An Overview Of Findings. In: Cl Cooper, Robertson It (Eds) International Review Of Industrial And Organizational Psychology, Wiley, Chichester, 2000, Pp Salami.S.R,Goodarzi.M., The Role Of Intellectual Property Rights (Iprs) In Technological Development, Some Suggestions And Policy Implications From Iran's Experience For Other Developing Countries,University Of Allameh,Tehran, (2006), Available At: Accessed On 05 May Sarasvathy.S.D.,Report On The Seminar On Research Perspectives In Entrepreneurship Journal Of Business Venturing, (2000), 15(1): Sarkissian.A,Intellectual Property Rights For Developing Contries,Lessons From Iran,Technovation 28(2008) Shane.S,Venkataraman.S,The Promise Of Entrepreneurship As A Field Of Research,Academy Of Management Review 25(2000), Van Stel, A.J., Carree, M. And Thurik, A.R. (2005), The Effect Of Entrepreneurial Activity On National Economic Growth, Small Business Economics, 24, Vivarelli.M,Entrepreneurship In Advanced And Developing Countries: A Microeconomic, (2012), Iza Discussion Paper No