COLLEGES NEPAL. The Relevance of Social Sciences

Transcription

1 COLLEGES NEPAL Issue 5, Bhadra 2074, Price NRs. 100 The Relevance of Social Sciences Civic Education Health Tips Travel Diary Technology Sports Internships & Jobs Interview with Hon. Deputy Prime Minister & Education Minister - Gopal Man Shrestha 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 1

2 IT TRAINING NEPAL PVT. LTD. QUALITY TRAINING AT AFFORDABLE COST... TRAINING EVALUATION INTERNSHIP JOB PLACEMENT OUR GLOBAL ASSOCIATIONS Phone: , , Putalisadak, KTM, Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

3

4

5

6 COLLEGES NEPAL Pvt. Ltd CEO Srijan Shah Director Creative Shailendra Basnet Editor-in-Chief Badri Prakash Ojha Managing Editor Hemanta Sapkota Editors Ved Shamsher Thapa Nirman Pradhan Dipika Shrestha Sujata Bhattarai Media Head Jibesh Gurung Marketing Indu Bhatt Meera Bohara Hom Khadka Designed By E-Prabidhi Pvt. Ltd. (O{ k ljlw k f=ln=) Photographer Chandra Bahadur Gurung Digital Marketing Head Suraj Katwal Printed at Jagadamba Press Editorial Bhadra, 2074 Issue 5 After the Age of Enlightenment in 1650, the history of the social sciences began, which adage a rebellion within natural philosophy, varying the fundamental framework by which individuals understood what was "scientific". Age of Revolutions, such as the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution influenced to emerge forth from the moral philosophy of the time. Then the social sciences flourished from the experimental and applied sciences or the methodical knowledge-bases or prescriptive practices, relating to the social improvement of a group of interacting entities. Generally, social science is that complex whole which encompasses a holistic dimension of the social life of the society. History, geography, political science, economics, sociology, anthropology, law, music, community development, criminology, peace, conflicts and psychology are outstanding and most influential in the academic sphere. These subjects are highly appreciated and studied by big numbers of students in Nepal. Many research and experiment happened in this royal spectrum. Not every now and then, it is often used by the most valued and esteemed ground to the battle of knowledge and race for the dreams and career. But with the rapid increment of globalization and westernization, everything has changed so suddenly that leading bodies and policy makers including government couldn t finger the situation and being back in the race against pure science, less amend in policies and lack of amendments in syllabus bringing the deep frustration in academic world of social science in Nepal. Pure science and subjects of the corporate world have overlapped the significance of social science. However social sciences are the leading entities to other sciences, no such situation has been seen in the phenomenon. People are forgetting where they came from and in the name of creed and culture society has been disintegrated into the long hierarchy. The rapid spread of racism and different political ideologies are polarizing the people. Society is assimilating and its originality is declining. So in this context, we felt to impart the essence of social science in Nepal. To bring out the hustles and bustles of social science in your hand, our editorial team interviewed education minister of Nepal and various admired scholars and social scientists. We did talk with academicians and students about the current issues of social science. We did interactions and tried to detect the existing situation of social science in Nepal. After listening to their opinion we found a common perspective on social science. We get stimulated and their opinion goose- bumped us. It is because social science has been a king of the academic world it appeared as the second choice for many. Different scholars and different opinion but a common solution, this is how we ended. A little bit different approach and dimensions and again A Social Science. Managing Editor Hemanta Sapkota On the Cover Gopal Man Shrestha, Hon. Deputy Prime Minister & Education Minister

7 Contents 10 RELEVANCE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE IN NEPAL 10 Interview - Gopal Man Shrestha 12 Dr. Sagar Raj Sharma 14 Dr. Shankar Prasad Sharma 16 Prof. Dr. Shiva Lal Bhusal 18 PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL SCIENCE SPORTS 38 A motivational story of Sukadev Karki 40 Rafting 18 Prof. Dr. Tara Pd. Sapkota 19 A universe of Rhythm and Soul: Dr. Lochan Rijal 20 Puncturing the bubble 21 Social Sciences Vs. Technical Science 22 Academicians perceptive on Social Science 24 Students perceptive on Social Science 26 Internship and Job 28 Education News 29 College Events 30 Students Corner 31 Inspiring Books & Study Tips 32 COLUMN TRAVEL 42 Sauraha Jungle Safari 45 Hangout - Pashupatinath 46 FOOD 46 Sano Durbar restaurant 48 HEALTH 48 Improve your memory 49 Celebrities and their phobia Career development in Geography by Dr. Kedar Dahal 34 Success delayed is not success denied 35 Societies perspective on Black metal bands 36 CIVIC EDUCATION 36 Civic Education, Prof. Dr. Bidya Nath Koirala TECHNOLOGY 50 OnePlus: The flagship killer 51 Love your gadgets 52 ENTERTAINMENT 52 Upcoming movies 54 Horoscope 50

8 Thoughts and opinions on Social Science Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

9 Hitherto, education in Nepal has primarily offered science, technology, engineering, maths and medicine known as STEM Sciences. One single general reason could be attributed to investment and support from government, universities and colleges to STEM sciences. While the importance of the STEM has its own space and place in Nepali education sector, the vitality of social science cannot be ignored. As individual in this society, we are part and partial of our social system. It is towards the understanding of this social system, that, social science emerges as extremely important and necessary discipline. This issue of Colleges Nepal shed light on social sciences and argues that educational imbalance between STEM science and Social Science (SS) in Nepal be addressed and more support be provided by government, non-government and particularly educational institutions towards nurture, garner, and cultivation of social science. For majority students in Nepal, the word Social Science conjure up imagination and picture of third tier education stream against pure science and management being first and second tire respectively. This is a gross grave misunderstanding among the students and parents alike. The gravity of social science and the wide range of roles it offers within this stream are not just of paramount importance but are directly connected to our daily lived experiences in our society. Generally, social science is about us the people and our relationship among each other. Its focus is on study of society and the inter-linkages among the individuals within the society. The spectrum of subjects covered within this discipline includes economics, political science, sociology, history, archaeology, anthropology, law, media, and development studies to name a few. This wide and amazing flavor offered by social science challenges STEM in many fronts. There is no reason to doubt that social science offers insights into impact of working of STEM and innovations at work- on the social system. Certainly, it is not even wrong to tell social science by virtue of its inter-disciplinary nature is science of science. For students interested in social sciences, it s all about grooming to be future social scientist. Social science helps students be equipped with the analytical, communication and soft-skills that finds importance in research, industries and organizations. As a student of social science, one involves in solving many different worldly issues that are challenges and direct threat to mankind in general. An issue such as crime to green energy, or even cyber security has immense effect on our daily life experiences. Beyond micro perspectives, social science is also about delving into larger issues such as inquiry into why do states fail? Or how can we rebuild our nation? Or, engaging in examination of market failure, human resource, and involving in rising funds and instilling social leadership. As social scientist of future, students get trained to see the world from the eyes and perspectives of others, this is done by mining data that other discipline (STEM) virtually miss. There exists no iota of doubt on the immense importance of social science to societies around the world. For Nepal, still more work is to be done to increase the level of understanding and support that this steam needs to receive. This is not to reject the contribution of existing facilities in universities be it Tribhuvan, Kathmandu, Prubanchal or Pokhara. But, nevertheless better campaign, activities to inform educational policy, and engagement in advocacy for support of social science is the need of this dynamic time. Students choice between STEM and SS is really a false construct; our society needs people trained in both. Our society is endlessly demanding effective solutions for existing problems (social, economic, cultural and political). To pave the path towards problem solving, a mix of both STEM and SS is required. In recent years, one single most important thing happening in SS is the increasing engagement in collaborativemulti-disciplinary work. These include diverse field such as engineering, medicine, computing, biology and mathematics. At this end, it is convincing that no subject area can stand by itself as stand alone. But still the query remains why social science does not impress us Nepali. The social sciences offer equal promise for improving human welfare; our lives can be greatly improved through a deeper understanding of individual and collective behavior. But to realize this promise, the social sciences, like the natural sciences, need to match their institutional structures to today's intellectual challenges. College Nepal interviewed various scholars of academic filed. Enjoy reading the Perspective of Hon. Prime minister and Education Minister Gopal Man Shrestha, Dean of Kathmandu School of Arts Dr. Sagar Raj Sharma, Dean, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science Prof. Shiva Lal Bhusal, Ph.D and former ambassador of Nepal to USA and economist, Dr. Shanakar Prasad Sharma Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 9

10 Education HONORABLE DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER & EDUCATION MINISTER Gopal Man Shrestha Gopal Man Shrestha is a Nepalese politician from Nepali Congress party. He was Acting President of Nepali Congress Democratic also. He is a senior Central Working Committee member now. He is currently the deputy Prime Minister and Education Minister under Sher Bahadur Deuba lead Government. Colleges Nepal talked with Hon. Deputy Prime minister and Education Minister about current issues of education in Nepal. Excerpts: Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

11 HOW HAS THE GOVERNMENT TAKEN EDUCATION AS? The Constitution of Nepal quotes education as the fundamental rights of people. Each individual must benefit from quality education, provided with scholarships and make it mandatory. The secondary level of education should be free of cost for the underprivileged group. Accessibility of higher level education, making education scientific, technical, professional and skill-based, employment friendly, moral and people oriented. One school one library and community-based library should get established. Building human resource for national development education is a must. In a democratic system, public citizen s ethical and moral right the school s management must be improvised and impart quality based education is the policy of the government. COMING TO 2074 B.S., SINCE 2068 B.S. THE INVESTMENT IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR IS DECLINING. WHY IS THE GOVERNMENT SHOWING SELFISHNESS IN FUNDING EDUCATION SECTOR EVERY YEAR? National Planning Commission and Ministry of Finance determine the budget spent on different sectors. Indeed, for past six years budget s structure instead of limitations in the budget structure, planned distribution from the scarce resources is the discrepancy area. Today the political scenario is based on stability. The government will focus on the expansion of budget on education and health sectors. Despite the budget is limited on education the size of the budget has definitely increased. EACH YEAR IF THE BUDGET ON EDUCATION DECREASES THEN HOW EDUCATION FOR ALL POLICY BE FULFILLED? It is not a matter of importance to know the decrease in budget. In the past few years, although the decline in the budget for education is observed, Education for all policy is valid and the government is fully committed on this. With democracy in Nepal, the development of education sector is growing significantly. During Rana s rule and autocratic regime, education sector could not flourish. After the restoration of democracy, numerous schools, colleges, and Universities have opened and it is still continuing. At the present, there has been a considerable development in the education sector of Nepal. WHERE DID WE COME SHORT IN THE EDUCATION SECTOR, IN POLICY FORMATION OR IN THE IMPLEMENTATION? We are informed that before 2007B.S the number of educational institutes were very few. Educational institutes, religious institutes were commenced under sole proprietorship and for a community. Post democracy, state and private sectors also started investing in the education sector. Overall, the work in policy formulation for the education sector is positive. If we can forge ahead by making implementation stronger for education, it will be very useful. IF THE GOVERNMENT IS UNSTABLE THEN WHAT WILL BE THE OVERALL IMPACT ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION SECTOR? Not only in the education sector but also for all round development of a nation, the challenges for timely sanction of policy and directives, lack of regulation at the national level on the issues of schools, teachers and students, Change of government and new people taking the responsibility of Education Minister understanding past incidents and monitoring progress takes time and is also challenging. FOR THE PROGRESS OF EDUCATION SECTOR, WHAT ARE THE PLANS FOR THE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION? As of today, the government of Nepal has classified education on three levels of the hierarchy: Basic education from class 1 to class 8, Secondary education for class 9 to class 12 and higher level education like bachelors, masters, M.Phil and Ph.D. Apart from general education, technical education based schools are also operating. In the coming days, our government from the book-based knowledge and higher education has taken a step towards producing the skilled human resource for training in the mid- level which is very useful for national development and international job markets. TECHNICAL AND JOB ORIENTED EDUCATION ARE THE NEEDS OF TODAY, WHAT ARE THE FUTURE PROGRAMS OF GOVERNMENT? With the guidelines of Constitution Of Nepal, for the year 2074/75 B.S. in the education prioritized sectors, for the management of school based education from the local level, budget must target for compulsory and free education, programs for development of schools, encouraging and facilitating the targeted group of people who are basically the less privileged children and fall short in the human development index, lunch programs for children of various districts, reconstruction of school buildings, establishment of higher level education commission for the implementation of education policy as in federal system, constructing modern buildings, education loan and waiver for students at higher level of studies in Management, and science and technology. Establishment of funds for technical and business training programs, One University and Engineering College is on the work list. WHAT SORT OF WORK HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT TO REGULATE THE CONCEPT OF OPEN UNIVERSITIES? For higher education, under the 2073 Education Act, there is some work going on for making education accessible to the general public for producing skilled and knowledge based human resource. Appointing faculty heads of University including Vice-President, Registrar is being worked out currently. IN NEPAL THE PASS PERCENTAGE IS SEEN AS THE MEASUREMENT TOOL OF EDUCATION SECTOR S DEVELOPMENT, IS THIS CORRECT AN APPROACH? In some way or the other, we have to measure the outcome. In Nepal and other countries on the basis of pass out ratio, the development of education sector is mapped. This type of tools is not so crucial. Instead of the quantitative approach, quality based education should be the indicator for measurement. For Universities, job placements of their graduates, entrepreneurship and leadership skills should be the indicator of our education system. NEPAL HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME AN EDUCATION HUB, FOR THIS WHAT KIND OF EDUCATION POLICIES DOES THE EDUCATION MINISTRY HAVE? Universities of Nepal and foundations should be developed to international requirements and standards. If this can be achieved then nothing can stop Nepal as an educational hub. For this nation should provide more funds for education and focus on infrastructure for enhancing education system. The environment of Nepal, captivating scenery, cultural diversity has potential to make the foreign students attraction for us and destination for education Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 11

12 Education KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY Dr. Sagar Raj Sharma Dean, School of Arts, KU Dr. Sagar Raj Sharma is the Dean of Kathmandu University, School of Arts, Hattiban. He has been a leading figure to develop the status of Kathmandu University School of Arts. He earned the Ph.D. in Development Economics from Fukuoka University Japan. He is currently doing research in centers around the land use and land reform, migration and development, contested development and foreign aid. Colleges Nepal talked with Dr. Sharma about current Perspective and status of social science in Nepal.

13 The Relevance of Social Sciences At every step of progress mankind has made, social science has helped us make sense of it and put that progress in a proper perspective. Social science helps people understand the consequences and application of the new technologies of our times. If in the 19th century it was steam power and railways and factories, today it is the nanotechnology and the advances in medical research. All these advances have had immense impact on the way we live. But they also present us with a bewildering range of ethical, legal and social issues. We need social scientists to analyse and critique what s going on. That way we will be able to make informed choices that can shape our future. Social Science helps us understand the multi-dimensional and complex nature of the society we live in. The progress in Science and Technology has provided us with enormous opportunities. But only with Social Science will we be able to make the best and just use of the technologies. Nepal has experienced unprecedented socio-political transformation in the last two decades, and many people are still struggling to make sense the impacts we are having because of the changes. Social science will help us understand, accept and adapt to these changes. We haven t done enough to attract the youths of today in becoming students of social science. It may be a problem of marketing and promotion, but it has also to do with our collective failure to make social science attractive. There is very little funding for teaching and research in social sciences. The School of Arts at Kathmandu University realizes this fact, and thus is making an effort to broaden the teaching and research of social sciences. But we need to do more to attract today s youth into studying subjects of Social Sciences. We should be able to tell the aspiring youths that with social sciences their future will be secure. Status of Social Science in Nepal Development is skewed in Nepal. On one hand the affluent urban youths have access to the latest technologies, while on the other we do not have enough public toilets and proper sanitation facilities, even in our cities. We are talking about building smart cities, but we are not able to provide clean drinking water to our citizens. Our roads and transportation are being managed very poorly. There are many such gaps and contrasts. Out rich history, culture and heritage are being overshadowed by the haphazard and unplanned growth we are witnessing. supporting research in social science. But that is the only way we will be able to link research with policy. No doubt science and technology are important and social science and never replace them, but only social science can inject social value to science and technology! Enhancing access to, control over, and ownership of, capability to use the available technology is what social science does. That is why it is so important for today s Nepal. In fact, in areas such as education, health, the justice system, business and economics, to name just a few, the significance of social science is high, and necessary. It is therefore pertinent that this educational imbalance be addressed and more support provided to the social sciences. Social Science at KU The School of Arts (SoA) at Kathmandu University offers a wide range of degrees in various subjects related to arts and social sciences. It aims to promote professional knowledge, understanding and skills in the development of arts, culture, and other social and economic potentials of human resources through scholarly activities, critical thinking, analysis and communications, practical interventions, assessments and evaluations, and integration of social, economic, political, cultural and environmental components of development. With its vision is to provide education for promoting ideals of social and economic justice and well being for all persons and their environments, it offers a wide range of programs such as Development Studies, Community Development, Economics, Media Studies, Art and Design, Ethnomusicology and Buddhist Studies. These programs attempt to cover the wide spectrum of the society and the multiple realities of the society we live in. The graduates of SoA are its best ambassadors. Many of them are successful professionals, and are contributing to the society in their respective fields. According to latest tracers study, some 20% of SoA s graduates are self-employed and are into social entrepreneurship. SoA offers interdisciplinary courses that are designed to help meet the current developmental challenges of our society. By doing so, it aims to produce skilled and capable human resources that are able to understand, analyze and meet the challenges of tomorrow. (Based on interview with Dr. Sagar Raj Sharma, Dean, School of Arts, KU) Public policies should come out of evidence-based research. But there is very little funding for social science research, when compared with science and technology. This is true internationally. It s so difficult to find donors interested in 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 13

14 Education ECONOMIST Dr. Shankar Prasad Sharma Former Ambassador of Nepal to the United States Dr. Sharma is former Ambassador of Nepal to the United States, He holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Hawaii. He served National Planning Commission from 2002 to 2006 as Vice-Chairman. Dr. Sharma has an extensive experience in government, international institutions and economic research. He is well known personality in national and international forum. Colleges Nepal talked with Dr. Sharma about current economic status and its issues in Nepal. Excerpts: Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

15 TALKING ABOUT THE WORLD ECONOMY, WHAT IS THE CURRENT POSITION OF NEPAL? If we talk about Nepal in the context of the world economy, we still lie in the bottom. Talking about the Nepal s position in South Asia, Nepal is still lagging behind other South Asian nations. There are some sectors in Nepal, which are doing quite well, though. For an instance, Nepal is doing quite well in the social and education sector, and our progress is taken very positively not only in South Asia. However, we have not been able to do well in economic sectors. Without economic progress, we cannot imagine poverty alleviation and prosperity. HOW WOULD GLOBALIZATION IMPACT THE ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE OF NEPAL? It s obvious that we cannot stay away from the impacts of globalization due to our geographic position. We are in between two economic giants, India and China. Both of these nations are coming up with capitalistic economic policies, which made them achieve a whopping 9-10% economic growth. And, it s almost sure that they will not turn back from their policies in the future as well. Nepal is located between India and China, and we should be looking forward to taking some benefits from them. But before getting into economic cooperation with them, we must first build our nation by developing our infrastructures and solving our internal problems. We cannot expect them to do all these things for us. Even if they run the development works, the duration of the projects is longer than usual. WHAT KINDS OF IMPACTS CAN BE SEEN IN NEPAL DUE TO POLITICAL CHANGES IN THE FIRST WORLD NATIONS? There would be some kind of impacts due to world politics. After the rise of Trump, we can see the rise of protectionism; America is not participating in the climate change project, and so on. The whole world is affected due to America s decision. On the other hand, China and Europe have come forward on the issue of climate change. However, the most powerful nation, America, not participating in the world issues would impact the whole world. The bilateral help from America and the multilateral help of America to various organizations like the World Bank could be affected. But, the prediction is that it will only be a temporary thing, as these decisions may push America back. NEPAL IS LOCATED IN BETWEEN TWO ECONOMIC GIANTS, INDIA AND CHINA; HOW CAN NEPAL TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ITS STRATEGIC LOCATION? Nepal s position was taken as a disadvantage in the past, but in today s context, Nepal can act as a bridge between two nations. Our main focus must be to take as many benefits as possible from the two economic giants. If we check our neighbors, we have Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Tibet. Nepal is ahead of Bihar and a little bit behind Uttar Pradesh. Talking about Tibet, it does not have its own resources despite the talks of the development of road in that area is going on. Nepal can capitalize on these markets as North India alone has around 50 million people residing there. Nepal can not only focus on selling final products by itself, but it can attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to effectively capitalize on these markets. We may also collaborate with the Indian and Chinese companies regarding the production and distribution issues. We can also commercialize herbal and agricultural products. The tourism sector can also be enhanced if we can capitalize on the tourists who visit India and China. We definitely have a huge potential for economic growth. IN TODAY S WORLD OF GLOBALIZATION, HOW CAN NEPAL TAKE DIPLOMATIC ADVANTAGES WITH INDIA AND CHINA? The first point is tourism, which is a very easy point of course. The second point is in investment. Both China and India are increasing their investment. Talking about the trade, we have very limited opportunities in trade. However, we can attract foreign investors in a production sector for manufacturing their products in our land. We can provide them an industrial state; we can create the links between industries, and we can also manufacture comparatively higher quality products than India and China to export them to their nations. Finally, Nepal needs to sell the electricity; we have a limited alternative, and India is the most feasible nation to whom we can sell the electricity. This is where we need to be smart and take advantage of our diplomatic relationship with them. We should be able to create a path to sell the electricity to both India and Bangladesh. WHAT COULD BE THE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN OUR TRANSITION TO FEDERALISM? First of all, there is a task of allocation of works. A little bit of work has been done by the government, but there is expected to be a lot of problems during its implication. There is also a conflict between low level and central level. The central government wants to control because it thinks that low-level government authorities will misuse the money while low-level government authorities believe that there is a lot of control on their activities. The major problem is the division of the budget among the authorities. The government has not yet developed a fiscal commission for a proper allocation of the budget. Due to these problems, it could take some more time in the transition phase. Furthermore, we do not have an efficient government, which can make the transition phase, even more time-consuming. HOW MUCH RESEARCH IS CARRIED OUT BEFORE DEVELOPING ECONOMIC POLICIES IN NEPAL? We are not being able to conduct adequate researches till now due to too much politicization. The biggest university of Nepal, the Tribhuvan University, too, is not emphasizing a lot on research works. Other universities are comparatively smaller, and the research works could be difficult for them. There are suggestions from consultancies, but the amounts of research works we need are not available for the development of effective economic policies. WHAT IS ONE BELT ONE ROAD IN SIMPLE UNDERSTANDING? One Belt, One Road (OBOR) is the mega project initiated by China to develop a path of connectivity between different nations. It contains various ways of transportation like roadways, railways, and waterways for business purpose, and so on. China has its own agenda like all other nations. China has already initiated this project, so Nepal must think of ways on how to capitalize on this project Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 15

16 Education TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY Prof. Dr. Shiva Lal Bhusal Dean Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Professor Bhusal is the dean of Tribhuvan University faculty of Humanities and social science. He has been a leading scholar in the field of social science. H e holds Ph.D. in Development Economics (Regional Disparities in the levels of Development in Nepal) He is also the chairman, of Research Committee, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University. Colleges Nepal talked with Dr. Bhusal about current perspective and status of social science in Nepal. Excerpts: Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

17 WHAT IS THE SITUATION OF SOCIAL SCIENCE IN NEPAL? As the study of mankind and social science sectors are progressing throughout the world, the subjects associated with social science are also gradually progressing in Nepal as well. There are advancements in the different issues related to social science all over the world, and we are trying to bring such advancements in Nepal too. WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE IN THE ACADEMIC CONTEXT OF NEPAL? The pride of Tribhuvan University (TU), which is also the oldest university in Nepal, was associated with human and social science subjects. After globalization and the development of science and technology, Tribhuvan University started bringing in the subjects like science, technology, management, forestry, and medicine, and all these sectors of studies are advancing along with social science. THESE DAYS, STUDENTS ARE MORE TITLED TOWARDS PURE SCIENCE RATHER THAN SOCIAL SCIENCE? WHY IS THIS CHARM DECLINING? The question is rising whether the social science has really lost its charm among the students. However, the thing is that Tribhuvan University was known for social science in the past like I ve said before. There are still many students getting admission for pursuing social science degrees. However, Tribhuvan University has not made it a compulsion for the students to appear in the classroom for taking the examinations, which is the reason why there are fewer students in the classroom in spite of a large number of students getting admitted in the social science degrees. REFLECT THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HUMANITIES STUDIES TOWARDS SOCIETY. Other subjects are generally limited to their own field of study. However, the social science is the subject that helps the students to understand the society all over the world. The subjects that are included in the social science helps in creating manpower with higher moral standards. The social science subjects help the students to implement the knowledge learned from the other subjects in the society and it also helps in developing leadership traits in them for carrying out various types of activities in the society and the country. WHEN WE TAKE A LOOK AT THE HISTORY OF THE TU, THIS UNIVERSITY STARTED WITH SOCIAL SCIENCE. BUT, THE SUBJECT SOCIAL SCIENCE IN TODAY S CONTEXT IS A LEAST DISCUSSED SUBJECT IN NEPAL. WHAT IS THE ACTUAL MEANING OF SOCIAL SCIENCE? Usually, social science emphasizes a lot on humanities and languages. The social science comprises the subjects related to history, social issues, psychology, economy, geography, culture, and other aspects of the society. In the recent days, students are actually getting attracted on these subjects. SOCIAL SCIENCE IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT FIELDS OF STUDY THAT DETERMINE THE PROGRESS OF THE SOCIETY. WHAT COULD BE THE SPECIFIC SOLUTIONS FOR ATTRACTING MORE STUDENTS TO THE FIELD OF SOCIAL SCIENCE? We can either focus on the quantity or the quality of the students. Recently, the focus has shifted towards producing quality manpower that is sellable in the market. And, we are emphasizing more on quality now rather than quantity. If we can produce some top notch sellable manpower, then it can help in attracting more students in this field. WHAT IS THE STATUS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH THAT IS CARRIED OUT IN THE TU? Research is an integral part of social science. The huge volumes of research works were done by the students in the past, and the research works are still carried out by the students in the present as well. We have around students every year, conducting many research works. In addition to these research works, we are also focusing on publishing journals, columns in the National Daily, and so on. Due to the scarcity of resources in the recent days, we have not been able to publish a decent amount of contents in the newspapers. However, we are trying to revise this practice once again. WHAT KINDS OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN HUMANITIES IS UNDERGOING IN TU, HAS HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT BEEN ABLE TO INFLUENCE SOCIAL POLICIES IN NEPAL? The research works done in the university were playing a crucial role in the past in the development of national plans and policies. But, the arrival of NGOs and INGOs has reduced the importance of research works done at the University for the National Level planning, as the research works done in the university is time-consuming. ALL OTHER DEGREES IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ARE 4-YEAR. IS THERE ANY PLAN TO MAKE SOCIAL SCIENCE DEGREES, 4-YEAR? While all other degrees are 4-year, with a single major subject, but the social science degree which is 3-year allows the students to major in two subjects. But the question is whether the students will have the same level of interest in the subject matter or not if it is extended to a 4-year degree. The recent study done on this topic showed that it would be better to make this degree more qualitative at first. However, all other universities are making social science degrees, 4-year degrees, so we must also think about this issue soon. The traditional courses, which we are not being able to revise, we are now consulting related professionals to revise those courses, according to the needs of the market with an aim of producing sellable manpower. WHAT IS YOUR MESSAGE ON BEHALF OF DEAN OF HUMANITIES TO PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS? The subjects related to the field of social science will always be useful for the students. These subjects do not focus on technical things, but it does help in enhancing the moral standards, leadership skills, and vision of the students. There is a slight decrease in the demand for the social science students, but this slight decrease is a temporary thing. The hard working students who have completed the degree have been able to get a good job in the market, and there isn t yet a situation of panic for the social science students in the nation Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 17

18 Education Law and Social Science Tribhuvan University graduate Dr. Sapkota has done MA in Political Science (TU), LLM and Ph.D. from Japan. He is presently working as Dean of faculty of Law, TU. For good governance, political stability and economic development of a nation, social science is the driving force. Questions like how to conduct a nation? What plans and programs should be formulated? How should government body work? How sustainable is our monetary policy? And what are the implications of development plans and programs are gauged by the study of social science. Law is also under the umbrella of social science. It has interpersonal relationship altogether. At law schools subjects like political science, international relations, development and law, public welfare falls under social science domain. Society makes the laws and law regulates the society and sets standards by which the rights of everyone are exercised diligently. Law and social science must complement each other for achieving nation's right to sustainable socio-economic development. Social science is subject that must be known to all, law is known to few who are associated with judiciary and legislation. In job scenario there is no guarantee that a political science student will get immediate pay-roll jobs. The students in pure science and technical field like doctors and engineers deserve jobs with better pay-scale. Their job is more secured. Transparency in job markets, appropriate selection and recruitment based on academic merits, are the requisites of our nation. We are hiring people for jobs of political level who are uneducated, illiterates, and under-graduates, swine who enter without any knowledge and competencies and cannot take dignified approach and make biggest blunders by conducting dirty game in the name of politics. So social science looks into this aspect and builds bridges to make accessibility from every social background with sound knowledge and practice, qualified group of human resource into jobs. In social sector, the problem is quality of education is declining; students are not much laboring hard but seek the easy way out and pass exams with lower grades. As a result, they do not have that core competency to fulfill the necessary criteria of job and some are not even employed. We need skilled, qualified bunch of professionals and for that University education is the major indicator. Post election, the requirement of human resource of skilled employees is 16,000 and a total of 3000 employees in legal jobs. Prof. Tara Prasad Sapkota, Ph.D. Dean, Faculty of Law, TU Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

19 Education A UNIVERSE OF RHYTHM AND SOUL Dr. Lochan Rijal Music is an oyster of pearls. It represents arts and culture, human emotions, life and experiences, spirituality, knowledge and language that is unlimited. Music has the way of transcending the cultural and geographical boundaries, bridging connectivity, spreading harmony and serving humanity across one country to another and making this world an orchestra for us to rejoice. Such is the power of music and those who create it. The depth of music is so deep, so enriching and soothing that it became the food of our life. The personality associated to this genre is a privilege to our nation and heritage. We are talking of non-other than ethnomusicologist, multi-instrumentalist, singer and composer Dr. Lochan Rijal. He is not only a professional musician but also an educator as an assistant professor at Kathmandu University School of Arts, Department of Music. This institute is located at Bhaktapur district where till date students from thirty five different countries have studied at the music department so far. Dr. Rijal composes music on Sarangi, Arbajo and Guitar. He has travelled across countries mainly South East Asia with ethno musicians promoting our traditional musical instruments and folk music. Dr. Rijal cites music can be defined in various number of ways, it is simple and yet broad in terms of meaning and definition. It is the expression of an artist's idea, emotions, technically we can say it is the intangible form of arts and can be associated with economic, technical, social and scientific aspects. Born in Panchthar district - far eastern part of Nepal, his father was well educated man and he draws inspiration from his father, he grew at a place where agriculture was predominantly the occupation of the people around him. He saw music as a part of rituals and festivals in our society e.g. rai, limbus and damai. It is a tradition in our culture to mark any auspicious occasion and also at the time of death where music is created to either rejoice or mourn over the loss and grief. During his childhood at school he never decided of making music his career but had a passion for it. From, professional standpoint also he never conceived of going so far as an ethnomusicologist. He was a science student at higher secondary level and wanted to study medicine. He started out in an ordinary way, he wrote about eight songs at classes eight and nine and tried to capture it by recording his compositions in tape recorder on his own. At that time, pop music was the it- factor and people from POP-MANDU show with Sunil Bardewa and Nabin Bhattarai put forth his talent and skills of music which was immensely appreciated. He became popular in the media and shows like Hits FM Music awards. Technological part like tape recording, sound mixing, audio making etc. drew him towards this culture. During his lifetime he realized that Nepalese carry a unity in thinking and understanding so they are struggling together in their field to fulfill their dreams in front of common audience this made him feel that he was at core a true Nepali citizen. He would crave for resource and wanted to run with backpacks into his quest for collection but he felt his need could be fulfilled in a channeled way under academia which would bring results and got golden an opportunity to enroll in K.U for Ph.D. studies where credits were taken from University Of Massachusetts and the university certified his endeavors. They, funded his musician teams and made field visits. He found that he was lucky enough and conducted his research from Jhapa, Kencha to Bhojpur, to Kathmandu- Banepa, to Salyan, Dang and intensified his documentation work and did Ph.D. which was apt for him. During his research on music he used Arbajo an ethnic Nepali music instrument. Department of Music is constant researching for preserving ethno music culture and making it an important aspect of national identity. Students get polished in their craft to become music scholars and contribute to the society and cultural restoration is Dr. Rijals' viewpoint. Being Nepalese we have gone through major transitions personally and socially. He finds people inspiring. His concepts come from our country and society. Personally, he wakes up early in the morning, loves collecting musical instruments, cooking, striving for excellence in music. His biggest aim was making an album of his own. It was a huge learning opportunity for him. His upcoming album is, "Kancho Awaz" he have used different variety of music instruments including Korean music which came from learning experience. He has also used international music scholars playing drums and the words of the song talks about his life and about us in a timeline. Musician Lochan Rijal is recognized for his astonishing Nepali ethnic melody. Hailing from Panchthar District, he even made his way to the vigorous doctorate in Ethnomusicology from University of Massachusetts, USA in collaboration with Kathmandu University (KU). He is the first South Asian to earn Ph. D. in ethnomusicology Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 19

20 Education Puncturing the Bubble Another reason was that growing up in Kathmandu, there was always a sense of living within a bubble. I knew that if I aspired, in whatever modest capacity, to contribute to positive change, it would require a far broader acquaintance with the realities of the rest of the country. And having heard about the Development Studies degree at Kathmandu University s School of Arts from some people who had just completed the course and who highly recommended it, it seemed like a good first step towards trying to puncture that bubble. There are very few people--at least that I ve come across-- who are so fortunate as to be absolutely certain of what they want to do in life. I ve never been one of them. Meaning that for much of the 30 years that I ve been alive, I haven t had a fixed, clear idea of where I m going exactly, only a general sense of the direction I m headed in. That was one of the reasons I believe I was always drawn to the Social Sciences the flexibility it offers you to explore and customize your studies to meet your particular needs, the way it doesn t lock you into a specific path, but accommodates whatever your evolving career plans might be. I started working at a fairly young age--from high-school itself--with writing and copy-editing stints at a few local magazines. I enjoyed it and was keen to take it further, so I elected to pursue journalism in college, following which I got a job as a sub-editor for the Features desk at a national daily newspaper. As much as I enjoyed being part of the world of the media- -built to keep you on your toes--some years down the line, I felt a distinct desire to return to the classroom. Part of this was the wish to take my studies onto the next logical milestone; but another, more important, factor was the hankering I had to examine my own context and history. If journalism had opened my eyes to the way things were in Nepal--the persistent inequalities and inequities that determine how life is led here--i wanted now to go deeper into understanding how these conditions had emerged in the first place. I wanted to learn more, in a nutshell, about why things were the way they were Issue 5 Colleges Nepal It was an intensive two years, to say the least, but rewarding as it was rigorous. Under the guidance of a terrific faculty, the programme essentially sought to help us attempt to unpack the complex contextuality of what development really means. In this regard, we were provided a run-through of the fundamental concepts and theories of development including both an overview of the historical evolution of the discipline, and the major present-day issues and debates within development discourse in Nepal and beyond. The curriculum also drew liberally from the realms of economics, anthropology, political science, environmental science and even management, among others, making for a broad-ranging and very comprehensive course of study. A fine balance was also struck between laying down a strong foundation of conceptual knowledge, and equipping us with the tools for the practical application of that knowledge in actually effecting desired transformations. For instance, although the 2015 earthquakes--which arrived right in the midst of our first year--did derail our classes and planned fieldwork for a time, in hindsight, the disaster offered an invaluable case-study insofar as the planning and practice of development in Nepal is concerned. I m greatly appreciative of not just how committed the university was to bring our studies back on track so soon after the disaster, but also in the way our teachers worked to incorporate learnings from recent events into our coursework, including the research component, where we were able to examine first-hand the impacts of the quake on already-struggling communities around Nepal. I m presently working in UNDP in the capacity of a Communications Support Officer--a position that represents a happy confluence of my backgrounds in journalism and development. And while I still can t say for sure what I might be doing five or ten years down the line, for now, I feel like I m at least a step closer to finding how my specific skills-set and aptitude could contribute to our broader, collective efforts to create a better, more equal world. Preena Shrestha is Kathmandu University (KU) graduate and professional. She is currently working in UNDP, as Communications Support Officer.

21 Education Social Sciences Vs. Technical Science natural resources were governed. For this reason, I joined Kathmandu University, Human and Natural Resource Management. I must say it was a very eye-opening program because the teachers had good mix of academic and professional background. Through them I could get a good insight into how the political economy of our resource regime worked. There is a very strong dichotomy between the technical and social sciences in our education system. They are not seen as complementary and necessary fusion but as polar opposites. Social sciences are seen as less rigorous or intellectual stream. It s a residual field where only the left out join. I feel that it is because in our society there is a lack of awareness that science (knowledge) and society are interlinked. There is an assumption that they can exist in parallel. Our knowledge system is imported from the West and it has very little dialogue with our cultural and social context. Our engineering, architecture, urban design or medical discourses are copied and directly imposed on our society. There is very little investigation on whether the Western style urbanization or road planning which were developed in a flatter or non-agricultural terrain even suitable in our mountain geography. Or, for instance there is a total neglect for the sciences, like our traditional building sciences that had evolved for over centuries in our landscape. Unfortunately, our traditions are considered primitive or impoverished in our academic, political or cultural narrative. They are even considered an embarrassment, as one can see after the earthquake our unique village landscape is being infected with flat roofed concrete structures that has no regional character. After I finished my undergraduate studies in design in New York City, I had little interest to bring out the New York style architecture back home. I knew, we had to create a new architectural language that suited our 21st century ambition and reflected our history. In our country, which has over a hundred ethnic groups with their own architectural uniqueness, I believed, we had rich departure point. In conjunction to the course I was investigating bamboo as a modern construction in Nepal. I had identified bamboo because it was very abundant in Nepal. It is estimated that 3.2 million people are engaged in this sector in one-way or the other. Nepal has 54 varieties of bamboo ranging from the tropical bamboo of Thailand to the tundra bamboo of Tibet. Moreover, bamboo is not classified as a timber since it resides in Gramineae family- same as grass. Therefore the transport of it is much easier compared to wood. Furthermore, bamboo grows up to 1 meter in a day and can rehabilitate degraded areas very quickly. In terms of strength it compares to mild steel. Therefore I found it s an amazing plant that has very good technical properties and was culturally ingrained in our society. By studying the social and political issues, I could develop my philosophical framework on how to use this material. In the last four years I have developed a very robust supply chain of bamboo, which engages more than 200 farmers to artisans and architects. We are planting bamboo in riverbeds, which rehabilitates the soil, consolidates the riverbanks and provides additional incomes to farmers. I believe, it is one of those market driven enterprise which is win-win for people and the environment. Moreover, the system of construction that we have developed is now being transferred to more than 12 countries. Had I not looked at this material from social science perspective and only looked at enterprise from business perspective, I don t think I would have been able to impact people s lives. Nripal Adhikary Previously: Kathmandu University Kathmandu University (KU) graduate Nripal Adhikary, is the founder of ABARI which was founded in 2006 in order to retrace and reuse the conventional resources, so that they can be used in the current context. His mechanism has been practiced in different countries Asia, Africa and Europe. Before I made any intervention, I needed to study the existing cultural and social narratives that define how our 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 21

22 Perspectives Perceptive on Social Science from Academician RAM PRASAD POUDEL ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR HIMALAYAN WHITEHOUSE INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE Social science education in Nepal is in the transition phase and has an innovative kind of process to it. With the development of Management studies and Information technology education, social science studies are in shadows. Despite having more and more opportunities in this field, students are not aware of what innovative programs have been developed in this sector. Nepal is socially backwards. There are lots of areas students can explore besides science and management. Students must explore what has been developed in education and Universities have to explore and bring the practices of international developed communities. The education scenario is not very matured. It was only after democracy a formal system came to forefront and this is the right time we can develop considerably, innovate certain new kind of technologies in education sector. Social sciences have greater level of opportunity, changes and development from the present context. Social science is apart from pure science. It is about society we study in social science. Communities develop from social science. We are part of society who wants to live in peace and harmony, be aware of what is happening around us nationally and internationally, expand horizons for development of our country, every individual finds space in one another, create a politically aware society and development in socio-economic aspects, are the roles of Social Science which cannot be neglected. It is essential that we understand our nation and contribute for its betterment.. PROF. KHSHITIZ UPADHYAY DHUNGEL CAMPUS CHIEF SANTWONA COLLEGE Tribhuvan University (T.U) is the oldest University of Nepal. Earlier social science was confined to Bachelors' degree program like B.A in political science, sociology. This saw a decrease of student s number and enrolment for the study of Bachelors in Arts. With privatization subjects like mass communications, rural development and social work came to the forefront. Now under T.U subjects like Psychology, Research and Development, social work studies are conducted. The active members entries from their respective subjects are looking forward to areas of improvising specialization. When other universities were running 4 year Bachelor's degree program T.U University also made it seeing the importance and applications in the course of study.bsw (Bachelors in Social Work) is a 4 years program. Going through course design workshops to make specialization subjects more thorough and impactful for their students T.U has focused on the structure and content of course design. The obstacle faced by Tribhuvan University is conservative way of thinking and political intervention which leads to diversified set of mind and thought process when it comes to decision making and moving progressively. If there were no distractions at University board then transitions would have been easier and goals could be reached easily from a consensus. To make decisions it is facing hurdles and obstacles in the management. Pure science produce technical students who does specific sets of work but apart from technicians we need to think above and think as leaders not just workers. We need to understand thought process of people, know where our society is heading, lead the country to a developed nation, determine policies and law for good governance and eradicate poverty and unemployment problems etc such knowledge we can't derive just from pure science we need social science. That is where the importance of social science takes the role of pilot flying his aircraft. Conservative approach ties the hand, for making more liberal we should give flexibility for learning. Programs and subjects should be developed with needs and time. In order to extend the social science wing we could also make study material of boarder problems and conflicts, history and its usage pattern in the modern life to make the department of social science accommodate all these issues. We need to broaden our horizons and perceptions as well Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

23 Perspectives PRADIP POKHEREL ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR RATNA RAJYA CAMPUS Today educated people holding a degree, evade entering at politics. Rather, they seek out for well paid jobs. Government policy must ensure towards creating jobs based on capability and merit. Public Service Commission under government regulation has limitations of recruiting 3-4 candidates out of 50,000 candidates applying for the job. Well prepared candidates make for the oral interview by passing out written test but fail during interview by coming short to people who have power to get appointed for job out of handful. This trend discourages many educated people on losing out with incompetent ones. Talented people shift their focus on technical studies like engineering, Information technology, doctors and get selected for foreign employment or specialization. Our country is losing hold of talented and well educated bunch of people who can be exceptional to our society. Social science can access this issue. For the government schools and colleges, the discouraging aspect is that rich and affluent group of people in government along with rich politicians have started opening schools and colleges of their own. They publicize people to enroll at their colleges and it becomes an eye candy due to which people shift from government institutes to private colleges. The educated people should be given a place to show their skills and knowledge. They are ready to work but we need to give them a workplace for working and studying to encourage them to come ahead. KARNA BAHADUR THAPA CAMPUS CHIEF NEPAL LAW CAMPUS At one time in our society, there was a belief that studying medicine and engineering was not only a step for building career with some social status but also a noble profession. People wanted their children to pursue these subjects and become engineers and doctors. Those who had the aspiration made it but many found it tough to fulfill their parent s dream. These professions are for a particular sector only. Social science on the other hand is a wide area. Students today have many options before them; they can weigh the pros and cons of every situation and have identified their interest. They always look for alternate options. Education policies have amended over the years with changes for the requirements to meet student s life goals. If someone doesn t want to study technical field they may join social science. Over the years the attitude of people has evolved for social science. Well to do people are from engineering or medicine background is a myth that has been broken. For earning and tackling the social issues the people who take the necessary step by coming forward represent majority of social science background. The importance of social science has increased in solving complex social problems. Work for political scientist, geographer, economist, lawyers; anthropologists have begun on a fast track. Interdisciplinary subjects haven t replaced pure science. The new approach in the field of education sector is the interdisciplinary approach. However, it cannot phase out the specialization subjects. Social science is very useful Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 23

24 Perspectives Students perspective on Social Science SUBINA PARIYAR LIBERAL ARTS HIMALAYAN WHITEHOUSE COLLEGE As a secondary school student, Social Studies and English Literature always fascinated me and I could relate to almost everything that I studied in those books. The hunger to explore images that these subjects had created in my mind brought me to Kathmandu to study Social Science. Social Science has given me a whole new perspective of looking at people and their behavior in the society. I feel privileged to be studying Liberal Arts which is a multi-disciplinary program where I get introduced to major subjects like Political Science, Economics, Sociology and some others along with minors like Public Finance, Conflict Management and Peace, Psychology and many more. These courses have made me capable of finding answers to many hows and whys of society and understanding things better. Social Science has strengthened my sense of responsibility towards the society and fellow human beings. The perks of studying social science do not end only in professional life but extends to personal life with development of life values like patience, empathy and humanity that definitely earns a lot of love and respect. I am enjoying every second of my life as a student of social science as the world is my library and every single individual a different book to be explored. ABHINAV CHITRAKAR, SHREEYA DEVKOTA, NEETI PRADHAN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY Community Development is a diverse course introduced by Kathmandu University including various subjects incorporating different aspect like psychology, development studies, demography, economy and society. We ve always loved the idea of humanity; appreciated how a diverse group of people have different backgrounds and ideologies that changes the way of looking at life. Exploring rural parts of Nepal to understand the concept of diverse culture and identities has been an attraction of its own and Community Development has helped us do so. The course has made us understand and analyze different dimension of development in term of social, economical and environmental aspect. We believe subjects like Community Development will help students realize how important the field of social science is and how we should be involved in it for a better future. As a third batch of students in this course, we hope to contribute in the process of developing Nepal into the world every Nepali wants to see. Community Development is a comprehensive subject and we are positive about its scope and application in various areas in coming future. ASARA BAIDHYA LAW NATIONAL LAW CAMPUS Social Science is a wide spectrum of academic discipline that allows us to better understand the relationship among individuals within a society. It incorporates a broad range of subjects; economics, political science, sociology, law and justice, psychology, geography and history being the prominent ones. Though the common subject matter of social science is relationship of individuals and society, it should not be misunderstood that it is abstract; the study is purely based on facts. In the present mechanical world, it is essential to understand the importance of studying social science. The hard science has been given higher academic value in comparison to social science in the recent years. But we must be aware of the intricate relation these dimensions of science share with each other. The development of science and technology simultaneously with various branches of social science is indispensable for the overall societal progress and regulation of our daily lives.

25 Perspectives SUDIP BHANDARI SOCIOLOGY KHOWPA COLLEGE We human beings are the only supreme living beings who can think about the essence of society and can expose in the form of criticisms. We can react as per the time, situation, conditions, and context with which we are shaped up. More precisely, we can say that each individual's behaviors, relationships and even their minor interactions are guided by the environment which they are exposed at first to till now. Environment (society) here is working as the guideline to ascribe the role in this human society. I personally being as a disciple of social science, theoretically; not more than semi decade; can attempt to apply on my life to inteprete and analyze the outer environment being its one aspect. I won't say the study area of social science would lead any individuals to some destined sectors or field. With the broad area of studying field and the world admired perspectives of various theorists, we got to know about the genesis and later history of the society. Due to micro and macro level of study about society, including all aspects within; its scope is broad and can be more productive to know about social life as well as factors affecting on day to day human life with theoretical knowledge of sociology and anthropology. ASMIKA GURAGAIN POLITICAL SCIENCE RATNA RAJYA CAMPUS Me, myself being the student of Political Science believe that without the knowledge of political rights and privileges from a given form of government, we wouldn t know which rights we have and more importantly the battles that were fought in order to award us these rights. The study of Political Science is not only useful, it is valuable. Political Science deals with theory and practice of Politics, as well as the analysis of our political systems, behavior and culture. It is broken down into several sub-disciplines; political theory, comparative politics, public administration, internal relations, public law, and political methodology. I choose Political Science as my major subject to understand one of the most powerful forces operating on people, communities and corporations today, namely government and politics around the world. Not only this, political science is a discipline that uses different approaches, so it trains in a number of different critical skills that will help succeed in almost any career. I choose Political Science to gain knowledge of appropriate methods and modes of inquiry, including statistical and interpretive techniques to systematically approach the study of political problems and to improve my ability to communicate clearly and persuasively in both oral and written form. ANJANA SHARMA MEDIA STUDIES SANTOWNA COLLEGE Media means the medium through which communication fosters. I am a student of social work with journalism as a major subject. People have strong misconception about media and the world of glamour that is associated with media somehow. Yet education sharpens the knowledge and the concept has changed globally. The world has reached at its highest pitch with the technological development shrinking the globe into small village. Each and every moment people do interact using the different forms. Therefore, media plays prominent role in reaching the people with the hot and fresh news, educational information, entertainment, political awareness, advertisements and much more. Media is an important source of information to exchange the knowledge, ideas, suggestions, cultures and traditions. We cannot visualize a life without the instant news that media has been providing to us. It would be like going back to the Stone Ages. Yet there are some lagging points associated with it. Media often recklessly trigger the baseless, vague and unnecessary information. It also creates irrelevant sensation and twist the truth to grab the public s attention. If used appropriately nothing could be better than media to disseminate the information thereby leading the development of the society and consequently enhancing the growth of the country.

26 Careers Internship COMPANY NAME DEPARTMENT DURATION FACILITIES Spiralogics International UI Designer 3 months Paid roseana@lumanti.org.np Global IT Support Pvt Ltd Codyssey Web Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Sales And Mkt., Accountant & Technical Field Trainee 6 months Paid Ruby On Rails 3 months Unpaid subash@globalit.com.np/rakesh@ globalit.com.np codysseynepal@gmail.com/ dipil. saud@gmail.com EyeWeb Sys Dot net Developer Intern Short Time Paid hr@eyewebsys.com. Aiden Engineering Marketing 3 months Paid engineeringaiden@gmail.com Nepal Best Deal Group Business Development / Marketing 2 months Paid nepalbestdeal@gmail.com Pioneer Solutions Nepal (P) Ltd Trainee Software Engineer InfoTmT JAVA Trainee 6 months 3 months Paid jobs@pioneersolutionsglobal.com/ rbasnet@pioneersolutionsglobal.com Based on Performance info@infotmt.com Global Digital WordPress Short Time Paid jobs@globdig.com Jobs ADRA Nepal Address: Sanepa Rd, Patan Position: Communication Officer Qualification: Bachelors in Mass Communications Or Equivalent Apply at: recruitment@adranepal.org CRS, Nepal Address: Mahadevvtar, Tokha Road Position: Administrative assistant Qualification: High School diploma or equivalent Apply at: info@crs.org Global Digital Address: Abhibyekti Marg, Kathmandu Position: Senior Wordpress Developer Qualification: Graduate (Bachelors) Apply at: info@globdig.com / jobs@globdig.com Global Peace Foundation, Nepal Address: Dillibazar Height, Kathmandu Position: Program Officer Qualification: Bachelor Degree Apply at: nepal@globalpeace.org Pioneer Solutions Nepal (P) Ltd Address: Sitapaila, Kathmandu Position: Associate Software Engineer, Trainee Software Engineer, Human Resource Manger Qualification: Bachelor Degree Apply at: jobs@pioneersolutionsglobal.com Cybernetics Pvt.Ltd Address: Kamaladi Marg, Kathmandu Position: It & Communication, Business Development Manager & Officer Qualification: Graduate (Bachelors) Apply at: vacancy@cybernetics.com.np ESignature Pvt. Ltd Address: Gyaneshwor-33, Shanta Plaza 3rd Floor Position: PHP/Android/SEO/English Blog Writer Qualification: Bachelor Apply at: info@esignature.com.np EyeWeb Sys Address: Araniko Highway, Madhyapur Thimi Position: Dot Net Developer MVC Qualification: Graduate Bachelor Apply at: hr@eyewebsys.com Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

27 Careers Jobs Codyssey Web Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Address: Shanti Marga - 1, Bhatbhateni - 4, Kathmandu Position: Web Developer - Ruby On Rails Qualification: Bachelor in IT Apply at: codysseynepal@gmail.com Aakash Tech Pvt. Ltd. Address: Putali Sadak, Kathmandu Position: Video Editors / Graphic Designer/Writer Qualification: Bachelors in Computer Science Apply at: info@aakashtech.com.np Global IT Support Pvt Ltd Address: Bagbazaar Road, Kathmandu Position: Computer Technician/Frontdesk Qualification: Intermediate (10+2) Apply at: subash@globalit.com.np IT Linx Pvt Ltd Address: Kupondole, Patan Position: Computer Hardware/Network Professional Qualification: Bachelors in Computer Science Apply at: shyam@itlinx.com.np Swotah Travel and Adventure Address: Gairidhara Sadak, Kathmandu Position: Tour Officer,Graphic Designer and Developer Qualification: Bachelor Apply at: info@swotahtravel.com Spiralogics International Address: Shankhamul Marga, Kathmandu Position: UI Designer Qualification: Bachelors in Computer Science Apply at: ktmjobs@spiralogics.com FEEDBACK Colleges Nepal is a platform for all of you out there. It s a youth-based magazine and we have tried to incorporate many aspects of this dynamic age as possible and will try to do the same. As a magazine is about its readers, we would like to hear from you about how you liked the magazine. If there are any aspect where we need to improve please do tell us, and we will try to bring you a better issue next time. Full Name: College/ Course: Feedback: Fill in your feedback and drop it in the office of Colleges Nepal or you can us as well at info@collegesnnepal.com/ collegesnepal@ gmail.com 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 27

28 News Education News TU Published the MBS Result Tribhuvan University, office of the controller of examination, Balkhu has published the results of Masters of Business Studies (MBS) second year. The pass percentage of results is 32.56%. The examination of MBS Second year was held in Poush-Magh NEB publishing results by August The National Education Board (NEB), Sanothimi, Bhaktapur will be publishing results of Grade 12 Management, Humanities and Education streams soon by the end of august. NEB has already published results of Science stream on 4 august percent students under Science faculty have passed the examination in regular category. There were 44,897 examinees appearing in the test out of which 35,668 have passed. Similarly, under exempted category, per cent students are passed. Out of 9,489 appeared the examination, 4,137 students have passed the exam. Similarly, 17 students from regular and three from exempted have been expelled. Rejika Maharjan topped ACCA exam Rejika Maharjan, a student from The British College, has topped P3 Business Analysis professional Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) paper, in the June 2017 exams, thus ranking her number one in the world. According to a press release issued by The British College, Maharjan was honored for her achievement at an award ceremony held in Capital on August 3. TU publishes 3 years BA 1st year exam routine 2074 Tribhuvan University exam controller office has published the examination routine of 3 years (Humanities) BA 1st year The exam of 3 years BA 1st year 2074 starts on (C. English-201/F.S.C English-301/311) and ends on (M. Mathematics-312). The examination time has been set to morning shift (7:00 am - 10:00 am) DAV College of Management students organized Shankar Lal Kedia Memorial Futsal Cup 2017 BBA Fourth Semester Students of DAV College of Management paid praise to Late Shankar Lal Kedia with the victorious organization of SHANKAR LAL KEDIA MEMORIAL FUTSAL CUP-2017 dated 13th 15th of July, Total of 15 teams that included 10 boys and 5 girls teams from +2, BBA, BBS and MBA participated in the tournament. The event was held at DAV Futsal Arena. Lincoln University College, Malaysia holds Convocation Ceremony in Nepal Lincoln University College (LUC), Malaysia held its first Convocation Ceremony 2017 in Nepal on 22 July, 2017 at Hotel Radisson for students of Nepal. Honourable Vice President Mr. Nanda Bahadur Pun was the Chief Guest. Other dignitaries were the former Minister of Education Mr. Dina Nath Sharma, Pro Chancellor of LUC Datuk Dr. Hajjah Bibi Florina Abdullah, Vice Chancellor of LUC Prof. Dr. Amiya Bhaumik and other officials of Ministry of Education Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

29 College Events Shankar Lal Kedia Memorial Futsal Cup DAV College of M. Convocation ceremony of Lincoln University College KU City College refreshment program Orientation program 2017 at ED Mark Academy, Kalanki Orientation program at Prime College for +2 students Saipal College, Welcome program Batch Awareness program on "Swine Flu at Apex College King s College facilitated The Science of Story Telling Is your college hosting a program or an event? Just simply click a photo with your mobile phone. Write a short description about the event and send it to us at info@collegesnepal.com We ll be publishing it on our next issue.

30 We are creative A Perfect Woman When I say perfect woman, what do you visualize? A woman with perfect body, beautiful face, traditional manners, who prepares meal for the family and spends life looking after the family, isn t this your ideal woman? But is a woman s purpose only limited to just presenting themselves beautiful all the time and be busy in household activities? I don t think so. The history of not just Nepal but the whole world tells that the world has been a male dominated world. Men has been the breadwinner of the family while women stayed home as housewives taking care of the whole family. A son was a necessity for the bread and butter of the family. Girls used to spend time on makeup and looking perfect so that a wellestablished man would marry her and her life will be settled. But then came those parents who believed in their daughters and chose to educate them and allowed them to stand on their feet. Those women came who stood against all the odds and went to achieve their goals. Those men came who felt the need to support women for their betterment. Women education was a less interested topic and women were not an option for an official post or in any work field. Women were used as prop in movies. Zero size models were in demand for movies, advertisements, fashion shows, cover of the magazine till few years back. But now, the trend has changed and it s because the talent and capability of the women overshadowed the criteria of physical appearance. The condition of women has improved much compared to how it was in earlier days. As women have learned to be independent, the definition of perfect woman has changed. Aliza Baniya GS College Rise from the ashes Journey has began I am trying to walk alone Dream has shattered Pieces of broken heart has been gathered The idea of love is warmer than the actual love itself Tears has been shed in your name Once again I am wrecked And tempted to walk the wrong path again Darkness seems more relevant, the light never gave me happiness But, how can I let myself smear with the blackness So, I am searching for the ray of hope somewhere To emerge stronger than ever I know I can rise from the ashes Mamta Pandey Butwal Multiple Campus Bachelor 3rd year Motherhood Who sat and watched my infant head When sleeping on my cradle bed, And tears of sweet affection shed? My Mother. When pain and sickness made me cry, Who gazed upon my heavy eye, And wept for fear that I should die? My Mother. Who taught my infant lips to pray And love God s holy book and day, And walk in wisdom s pleasant way? My Mother. And can I ever cease to be Affectionate and kind to thee, Who wast so very kind to me, My Mother? Ah, no! the thought I cannot bear, And if God please my life to spare I hope I shall reward they care, My Mother. When thou art feeble, old and grey, My healthy arm shall be thy stay, And I will soothe thy pains away, My Mother. Ann Taylor Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

31 Inspiring Books Improve your analytical skills Palpasa Café by Narayan Wagle the civil war.. The Madan Puraskar winning book Palpasa Cafe is the one book you should not miss to read as a book lover. Published in 2005, the book was sold copies in few days of the release and 25,000 copies in a year. The English version of the book was released in Palpasa Café, which is the first book by renowned Nepali author Narayan Wagle, is the story of two characters Drishya and Palpasa and the effect of Antarmanko Yatra by Jagadish Ghimire Written by renowned author Jagadish Ghimire, Antarmanko Yatra is apparently his own autobiography; portraying a life being a writer. He penned down the struggles and challenges he faced as a writer and tried to answer the question Can a writer make a living through his creations in Nepal? However, the book has many lessons to share so the book is going to be fruitful for the readers. Late author Ghimire was honored with prestigious awards like Madan Puraskar and Uttam Shanti Puraskar for Antarmanko Yatra. Shirish ko Phool by Parijat Shirish ko Phool is one of the finest creations in the history of literature. The first novel of Bishnu Kumari Waiba, famous as Parijat, was highly acclaimed and also won the prestigious Madan Puraskar award. The story revolves round the main character Suyog Bir Singh, who unknowingly becomes near with three characters Mujura, Sakambari, Sanu Publishes in 1965, the book is only sixty pages long but is an asset in the Nepali literature. The book has also been translated in English as Blue Mimosa. Analytical skills lie among the most important elements for people to achieve success. Every organization from small to large seeks analytical skills before hiring workforce. Thus, most of the universities are emphasizing in developing its student s analytical skills. Yet, many people find it difficult to develop, exhibit and use analytical skills in workplace situation. Here we have listed few techniques which will help you to improve your analytical skills while at college: Know what analytical skills is: Along with the application areas, the definition of analytical skills varies. In general, analytical skills mean the ability to deal with the piece of information in inductive or deductive ways. It is an ability to gather, envision and evaluate information to see the bigger picture. And sometime it s about breaking the big information into pieces, and identify small details. Active Learning: Active learning refers student s participation in class, engagement with the material and work cooperatively with each other. It helps them to analyze the situation and apply it in the real-world situation. Active learning stimulates and expands brain that helps students to think in a new way. Clear Framework: Don t directly jump into the analysis part, rather stat with a clear fame work. You need to follow some procedures, protocol and a proper plan. Read textbooks and other materials to gain the knowledge of basic analytical skills and tools required for any project. Practice analytical skills on a regular basis: Developing and strengthening analytical skills is a must for long term success. Practice them regularly to maintain the quality of analysis or let s say the quality of analytical mind. Play mind games like suduko, chess and computer strategy games. Identify analytical tools: Depending on the nature of project and problem, students can use various analytical tools. For business problem, analysis tools such as SWOT Analysis, PEST Analysis, Heptalysis and many more can be used. Another analytical tool analytical decision tree is generally used in policy research and decision-making analysis. So find out which analytical tool will satisfy your need the best Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 31

32 Careers Career Development in Geography The history of geography as an academic field of the study at the college level in Nepal started with the establishment of the Department of Geography in Tri-Chandra College in Three years after its commencement of Intermediate Level, this Geography Department of Tri-Chandra College offered Bachelor Level course in Since then, Geography as a field of study became very popular in Nepal and has grown into a thriving area for graduate level teaching and learning. With the growing popularity, research activities in the field of Geography also increased over a period of time. The Department of Geography at Tri-Chandra Campus possesses highly qualified, competent and experienced faculty members. It has one Professor, three Associate Professor and one Lecturer. Of the five faculty members, two of them already have had Ph. D. Degree. Some of the faculty members of the Department of Geography, Tri- Chandra College had completed post-doctoral programs too. The faculties of the Department of Geography have an international exposure, and have been participating in different national and international seminars and conferences as Resource Persons too. In this way, the Department has a very good faculty strength. The Department of Geography of Tri-Chandra College is not only centrally located but is also equipped with a very good physical infrastructure like spacious class-rooms, highly equipped laboratory and departmental library. Recently, the department has introduced Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (RS/GIS) course for the third year Bachelor or under-graduate level students. Students willing to pursue higher education in Geography can apply for admission into the 3-year Bachelor Level Program in Geography. Similarly, the Department of Geography also conducts field studies on regular basis to provide practical knowledge and experience to the students on various aspects of Geography inside and outside the country. Key Attractions of the Department GIS and Remote Sensing Experiences and Qualified Faculty Members Field Work/Field Study Research Methodology and Report Writing Counseling service Department s own Library Computer Laboratory 10 Reasons to Study Geography 1. To understand basic physical systems that affect everyday life (e.g. earth-sun relationships, water cycles, wind and ocean currents). 2. To learn the location of places and the physical and cultural characteristics of those places in order to function more effectively in our increasingly interdependent world. 3. To understand the geography of past times and how geography has played important roles in the evolution of people, their ideas, places and environments. 4. To develop a mental map of your community, province or territory, country and the world so that you can understand the where of places and events. 5. To explain how the processes of human and physical systems have arranged and sometimes changed the surface of the Earth. 6. To understand the spatial organization of society and see order in what often appears to be random scattering of people and places. 7. To recognize spatial distributions at all scales local and worldwide in order to understand the complex connectivity of people and places. 8. To be able to make sensible judgements about matters involving relationships between the physical environment and society. 9. To appreciate Earth as the homeland of humankind and provide insight for wise management decisions about how the planet s resources should be used. 10. To understand global interdependence and to become a better global citizen. Source: Canadian Council for Geographic Education Message from the Head, Geography Department, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus I am pleased to invite you to study with us at the department of Geography, Tri-chandra Campus and to learn from us and allow us to learn from you. We provide interdisciplinary approach in teaching and learning activities. All the students willing to pursue higher education with a graduation of Proficiency Certificate or an equivalent level examination in any faculty or subject recognized by Tribhuvan University can apply for admission in the 3-year Bachelor course in Geography. If you have enthusiasm, broader vision and ready to give your endeavor to study Geography, you are the one whom we are looking for. We are well known for our friendliness. At this department we place great emphasis on the quality of our learning and teaching activities with a student-centered approach. I invite you to consider the study options offered by TU and to take advantage of the opportunity to become part of Nepal s most pioneer institution in higher education and leading department. Dr. Kedar Dahal, TU

33 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 33

34 Blog Success delayed is not success denied I started the journey of social science in From that date, it s been seven years I am in touch with social science. It has changed my perception towards the society. I can define and forecast where I will be in next seven years. To be honest social science has simplified my complicated dreams. Similarly, understanding the connection between human and society through geography and sociology was my greatest earning ever and it has given me much more than just knowledge. Tom Watson once said, If you want to succeed, double your failure rate. Who doesn't love the word success? Everyone. But adoring the stories of success and selfsucceeding are two diverse aptitudes. So every now and then, people believe that failure is the highway to success. If we flip the pages of history, we will find that all stories of success are also stories of great failures. But people don t see the failures. They only see one side of the picture and they say that person got lucky: He must have been at the right place at the right time. But wait we need to change our perception now. People often assume that social science is hardly career oriented and it doesn t give better future and success, but it s utterly wrong judgment because social science has been a leading spectrum throughout the world since ages and still many intelligent and sharp minded students have been rising into the world of social science. Although the pure science has its own importance: It is clearly visible that social science has the majestic position in the academic realm. The subject of social science has wide web of social connection in society. They rule the societal aspects beautifully. The interdisciplinary approaches of this course and its interrelation with society have always hastened my desire to be into the world of social science. Let me say like this- - Social sciences are a discipline I have always had a great interest in. Despite my interest, everything was not easy to move on. Far from my interests my family already had a road map of my academic career. They were already geared up to impose their philosophy into my career, and apart from my family, that problem was with my own society also, who always misunderstood hidden prospect of social science. They always prioritize on the career. But I had to understand myself first. So deleting all those barriers and impositions Now my dream is to change the society I live in. But in the herd of making career, my society has been blind and lame. People in the society are educated but they are anonymous of the mechanism and essence of social science. The mechanical world has influenced them negatively and modernization has destroyed the sentiments of the human kingdom. Society measures the success based on earning rather than learning. So I keep going. I keep dreaming. Success is not what subject you comprehend or which job you do. It is more than any subject or profession. Success defined by how you cope up in society with people. Success never meant to be in the age of thirties or forties. I believe age is just a number and subject is just a medium. The important is your perception. When you keep doing good works with positive perception then these assumptions will be wrong. Success follows you but we should make foundation of knowledge strong so that we get a caliber of doing everything in life. It is imperative to identify the value of knowledge in this chaotic world. Although the pure science has been recognized secure and career-oriented than the social science it is significant to be aware of the intricate relation these dimension of science share with each other. The development of science and technology simultaneously with various branches of social science is indispensable for the overall societal progress and parameter of our everyday lives. I believe that social science is always a royal and most demanding one. Sooner or later career on social science is very much blissful. Hemanta Sapkota Tribhuvan University The writer is HSEB topper (Gold Medalist) in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2012 from Sainik College Bhaktapur Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

35 Column Societies Perspective on Black metal Bands A guy walk around with a black stud, shoulder length hair, an inked arm, handcuff through belt loop and ripped jeans all these attributes would create a mental image of being Metal Listener. The description just provides a perceived image of a metal music fan. Apparently, People have associated metal music more with the assumed Personal attributes rather than understanding the music itself. Tracing back to the history of metal, it started late 1960 and early 1970 s. Metal from the time of its origin, has been very popular among all - started a new genre, emphatic beats, created a different sound in every ear, playing our brains to euphoria, making people jump feet to the beat; transformed music with a new fashion change, a new wave of long hair, flashing devil's horn out here and there, head banging, straining vocals, creating a revolution into the world of music swap the youth and raised atop. Shortly after it evolved and splintered into many different styles and sub-genres. And the love and the charm of the metal music remain then and now; and will be more tomorrow. People perceive that metal is only listened by some strange thinking and weird people, especially those who are more de attached with the societal norms, those who are fetish to wildness, self-destructive tendencies: mosh pits, extraordinarily loud music, and hard drugs spring to mind and those who would not mind even when their ear drums burst out of loud scream. Moreover, it is generalized with people who are disoriented with time, emotion and any goal in life. Too many times a heavy metal fan are judged with pre-conceived notions of being emotionally damaged, a loner, one who doesn't care about his family, irresponsible, idle who is possibly into drugs, who feels rage, angst, unruly and away from the everyday social touch. The music is considered as a way to condemn a chaotic scenario. While talking to the members who belonged to the metal Band, we had some different experience, although the society has created an outlook for the music, the real image of the members are opposite then what everyone assumed. Though they are regarded as rebel they have their individual identities which may not necessarily meet up with the definition they are given by society. This air has been cleared as we converse few metal Band Members. According to Niraj Shakya, Member of Antim Grahan Band, he says Metal in one of the extreme point of music, it it does not have to symbolise with the colour black, or having an shoulder length hair, can be on simple t-shirts without having a corpse paint on it. Metal music is about the powerful expression of words, feeling as any other music. - says Niraj Shakya, member of Antim Grahan Band/ Night Band. Similar voice comes from another member Jason Kunwar, Maya Band, Beyond Band, who says Metal was the first genre I was extremely compelled by. I was in 3rd grade when I started listening to metal. It reflected something profound about who I am and my experiences with the world. Listening Metal was an integral part of my journey and thus is a very personal experience. I do not have any general view on it. It helped me cope with my challenges when I was young and helped me become more honest with myself. Philosophy, culture, attitude all these compromises the metal music. It has strong possession of itself, which has been understood over the decades. Rather than stereotyping fans as deviant, antisocial, unruly it may be more gracious to understand as personal choice one has to the music. Unlike any other music, Metal music is also the outcome of one s feeling. Many a times it has been tagged to parental guidance, has been censored, banned too. Tracing back the history, in 2001, in Jordan, all Metallica albums were banned, thinking that the music has created chaos among the people, and tend to push them towards being anti-religious. The metal music was blamed to have put faith on hold. Although, to some extent, metal music might have created an appearance and associated strongly with colors, powerful black, the spectrum of the colors tries to give us a different story, and same goes with the attire they chose, it has polarize people in a way creating an impact upon two generations. One loves it and other blames it. Metal Music may have expression of anger in it, but we believe we give messages to people to be socially, politically and these are the form of corrections too, yes the music is loud as it as high distortion, but we are not into drugs, or any substance use, we just respect this side of music that all - says Pratik Chitrakar, Ugrakarma Band. All across the board from schools to colleges to the shirt and collars that most have become everybody has a soft corner for metallic, Panteras, Megadeths of their name. All the metal lovers are raised with these songs. And Listening to Iron Man, or Paranoid for the first time or cowboys to hell or a tout le monde, all resonated with those who were impressionable and created a lifelong adoration towards the style of music. The Society lenses metal music, as mental monster that rides atop and make noise. It has been consistently discarded, stereotyped, condemned. Society believe that certain forms of music, primarily heavy metal, promote or are associated with negative and problematic behavior among teenage There is that stigma around metal music! However, the music still is loved and appreciated by those who understand the core. Metal Lovers have ignored the perceived enemies just to be the scapegoats, and the real problem is that the enemy is the mind set, and that people are delusional. Metal music makes people to understand the dark side, as it gives the punch of wrongs sides, and it also transcends those sides with positivity. Choice of music is entirely upon an individual, Metal music has music appealed many of us, the music presents the expression how pissed off you are but also it provides a kind of fraternity to which you can belong. It is not about the rage or any kind of rebel, it a form of music! Anusuya Puri is Project Manager (Center of Resilent Development). She has a Masters degree in Social Work with specialization in HR and psychology 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 35

36 Civic Education Dr. Bidya Nath Koirala Former Head of the Department of Central Department of Education at Tribhuvan University Dr. Koirala has been one of the first impression of educationists in Nepal who proverb the value of open and reserve education from the outset and is persistent to establish Open University of Nepal to this date. Dr. Koirala was a Professor and Head of the Department of Central Department of Education at Tribhuvan University. He has earned a long experience of evaluating and auditing educational projects and institutions. Colleges Nepal talked with Dr. Koirala about the status of civic education in academic realm of Nepal. Excerpts: In simple words, do this, and do not do this. In the traditional society, a person used to say Do not urinate in the river because it brings curse ; however, the people in the current generation says that urinating in the river leads to the formation of bacteria in the river. The way of spreading the message has changed in the recent days. In a general sense, civic education is an education that educates general people on the things that are beneficial to the society and the things that must not be done by them. For an instance, urinating in public is wrong. Historical background of civic education From the western perspective, this education started with responsibility. However, I do not see in that sense. From my perspective, this education started right after the creation of human civilization. When the people started to understand what is right and what is wrong, this education started growing with the understanding and experience of the people. The western world believes this education is based on the time, but in my perspective, this education develops alongside time. Current status of civic education Nepal The Nepalese society had some sort of basic civic knowledge right from the beginning. If we take a look at the book that was published in 1950 AD, we can see that it informs people not to play the radio in a high volume, as it disturbs the people around them. And, we also have some kind of moral education in our ancient scriptures. And, these moral educations can be seen in the scriptures of all major religions. For an example, we can see that there is a belief that it s unholy to cut the trees around the surroundings of a temple. So, we can say that the start of a civic education started from the ancient times. In terms of promoting it in the text books, the westerners started promoting these things as various subjects, such as a civic education, moral science, civil education, and so on. Role of government on providing civic education in the curriculum Now, the question is which government we are talking about. The religious government has promoted these things way back in the past. Before the establishment of democracy, the government back then had their own rules, and after the establishment of democracy, the new government promoted their own version of civic education. In today s world, a child tends to ask a lot of questions. For an instance, we teach them to respect their parents, and then they say why. The problem here is that we have not been able to enhance the moral standards of kids with our education. We just tell them to do this without providing a convincing logic. And, the next problem is the contradiction in civic

37 education. Previously, we taught kids to share and eat. Today, the schools are teaching kids not to eat anything that is provided by a stranger due to an increment in crimes. Now, we must think of how to provide civic education to the children in a convincing manner. Effect of modernism on civic education Yes, no doubt about it. The term modernism is now directly linked to the western way of life. For an instance, table manners, professionalism, way to talk to renowned personalities and all are imported from western society. The eastern way of life teaches one thing and the western philosophies teach other stuff, which has been creating confusion in the way our current generation thinks and behaves. The traditional and moral standard demands kids to respect their teachers, but the current mentality of the students are like we have paid them to teach us, so why to respect. We can see that children are in a dilemma, deciding what is correct and what is not correct. Our role in current Scenario To increase the effectiveness of the civic education, we must research the value system from the perspective of different people. We must look at the perspective of teachers, students, parents, and others. After that, we must think of the center point that will convince all the groups of people for providing the civic education. Again, we must also look at the contradictions in the way we are providing the education to our kids. The parents demand respect from their kids, which means respect based upon the age. And, the society asks to respect the knowledge and qualifications. Now, the question is whether to respect the age or the qualification of the person. There are also some contradictions in eastern and western philosophies. For an instance, an eastern philosophy teaches a person to speak the truth in a bold manner. However, the western philosophy teaches a person to speak the truth in a humble manner without hurting a person. There is a bit of confusion on what is right now. Again, our ancient religious texts have just ordered the people do this and to do that. However, the teaching professionals focus more on the logic. Today s generation wants more logic than instructions. So, the point here is that we should now provide education to the kids with an appropriate argument to convince the kids on what is correct and what is incorrect. Political Change and Civic Education in Nepal The major problem with Nepali politics is that none of the party is involved in a constructive politics. A belief system has developed that anything can be achieved if we force the issue. The political changes have given birth to a bullying culture. However, the changes are observed nowadays. The people are asking what after that? And, this question is bringing a change. The feeling of repentance is also somewhat observed among the people. But, we can still see people trying to give an order on the basis of age and position. The normal people want democratic moral standards, but there are people in higher positions who still prefer an autocratic system. I hope that the screening process will be there, and this is the work of civic education, and it is also called a civic sense. Impact of technology on the current civic status of a nation There are both positive and negative aspects of technology. The technology itself is not a problem, but the way people are using the technology is creating a problem. The technology provides the solution and the information asked by the user, but the kids are using the technology in a wrong way. For an instance, a knife can be used for a productive work like cutting a vegetable or it can be used for hurting others. Technology itself is not a problem, but the current generation must be taught how to use a technology in a right way. However, we can say that technology and media are making a significant impact on the civic education in a current society. Progress and Civic Education There is a very high correlation between the progress of a nation and a level of civic sense among the citizens. Let s take an example of the waste problem in Kathmandu valley. If the civilians just have the information about proper waste management, half of the work of government authorities would have decreased. Now, let s look at the case of Japan. The citizens of Japan while traveling with a dog carry a plastic bag. When the dog excretes its waste, that citizen uses the plastic bag to store the waste, and he/she does not throw that plastic bag, even in the public dustbin, keeping in mind that the waste could trouble the concerned officials. He/ she disposes that waste in a right manner after reaching the home. There are just the basic examples to show the importance of civic education. In the case of Nepal, people are somewhat aware of what to do and what not to do, but the people do not fulfill their responsibilities. Message Civic education is not something that you understand by reading, but the civic education is learning through practice. The current generation is habituated to critical thinking and questioning. So, the process of giving civic education should change. It should not be like giving orders like in the old days, based on religious beliefs. The civic education must be given by backing up the statements with logic and rational arguments Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 37

38 Sports A MOTIVATIONAL STORY OF SUKADEV KARKI Sukadev Karki is 27 years old. He was very attached to motorbikes since childhood days. He thinks bikes were his passion; it was more precious than him. As a child he wanted his seniors to give him a ride on their bikes. It made him very happy. At high school, he asked his father to get him a motorbike. Being astute at that time his father thought that he was still young and denied his request. This made him sad and was invisible to his family for three days. His dad on account of the situation to cheer him up bought him a Pulsar Motorbike for college. He felt a lot of trials to have full control on the bike and fell down often. At the age of 19, he went to the United Kingdom to study and work. He describes his life tough that time to manage for both. There he bought a bike after working for two years. The roadways at the UK were more functional for a rider like Sukadev. For racing at the speed of 100 Kph, it was not a problem as the speed limits allowed him to do so. At 24, he rode a 600 c.c bike, he had a smaller frame so he started hitting gym and working out on his physique to get into shape for riding his bike.5 June 2015, his application for extension of VISA for U.K was cancelled and he came to Nepal, stayed in a hotel and surprised his family by the uninformed visit. This was a happy moment of his life. In U.K he had few bike accidents and here he used his brother s bike instead of having his own. During that time the hunt for Mr. Nepal competition was going on and his gym instructor advised him to participate in the show. He started training and did intense workouts to develop muscles. Sukadev Karki is a Nepali inspirational athlete who did not let the terrible accident isolate him from either of his passions, motorcycling or bodybuilding. He has been a source of inspiration to many youths in Nepal. Sukadev Karki talked with colleges Nepal about his story of struggle. He wanted to gain some experience from this show. After few months, in August he bought KTM Duke 390. He didn t venture far outside but inside the valley. Due to blockages in the country, the contest of Mr. Nepal got postponed. In October 3rd he advertised for selling his bike. At September, he got informed about his selection in Mr. Nepal contest from Kathmandu district. Before sales, in October 2nd he wanted to shoot a video for the reminder of his bike and him. He took two video shots with the bike and his brother was there also, yet he didn t like the shots. Third time around he made a plan for the perfect shot. He came from the corner with full speed; he got distracted in the road and collided with an upcoming vehicle from another end. He was gravely injured. People witnessing the accident scene thought there were few chances of his recovery. Police sirens came to the spot his brother was crying for him. He was covered with blood and 3-4 broken parts Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

39 Sports and during August, he went to Pokhara for sight-seeing and came back and visits his doctor. The doctor scolded him seeing his backpack he was carrying. He laughed out and took off the backpack and with his brother he managed to oust the injury. He became healthier with good diet and exercise program and guess what? He started riding bikes. At first, he tested if he was able or not and after some attempt he made it. He rode his brother s bike and people were shocked. He desired of wanting another bike but not riding it far which was opposed by the family. He bought Benali TNT 300 motorbike. That time, he didn t have a full-time job he never wanted to go abroad post accident. He worked voluntarily at school in a teacher s role and got swelling on the left foot from teaching. He was certain that swelling would stop and did gym lightly and went to quiet places. He managed to recover properly and gave up the idea of teaching. He planned to open a gymnasium and recruit staff for running it. He went to China for managing the equipment and when he came back the whole idea dissolved. He carried his backpack and rode the bike and was absent for weeks. He took safety measures in the top of his priority list. His aim is now to promote fitness and conducting personal training workshops. He made for Mr. Himalaya bodybuilding show and came up with the first runner up spot. He was immensely praised by his followers for his virtues. according to his know-how, he gained some senses but he couldn t budge, he was in pain, shock and difficulty in breathing. His case was so critical, he was immediately referred to another hospital from the one he was taken. At K.M.C hospital, the doctors diagnosed that his injury was lots of internal bleeding, reduced oxygen level, body parts like hands, legs, and back were broken and went through treatment whose results were yet to be seen. With 18 bone fractures, his doctor told him that his life was god given and after that incident, he went to a huge emotional upheaval, he had to rest and let his injuries healed before attempting on anything physical. When he was discarded from the hospital after signs of recovery he remembered staying alone in his room pacing himself of what went by and how he would spend the rest of his life. At Dashain, his relatives came to visit in his room and put tika with soggy eyes. By being strong willed, after 3 months he lifted 2-3 kilos dumbbell and worked out his arms in the bed. During his training period, he had known what his resistance level was for workouts and after 4 months he walked, stretched his legs despite his doctor s advice to lie down and rest. He was improving day by day He thinks every individual has different stories of their life. Life is so unpredictable that anything can happen out of nowhere and strike upon you. He doesn t plan but stays focused in the present. He never in his life wants to repeat his mistakes. He learned a lesson from the accident. His message is safety comes first no matter where you are on the road. In Nepal, the casualties from bike accidents are reported very highly. He advises to be very careful, never rash and use protective gears to keep the safety of you and of others while driving. Road condition of Nepal is not appropriate for high speeds is something he has realized the hard way. Don t bend the traffic rules and bring safety is something he recommends to everybody. Prevention is better than cure so if someone is rash driving inform to the traffic or go and tell him in person if possible, are the ways to minimize road accidents in Nepal. This was his journey so far and we know he has a road ahead also. This Article is based on interview with Sukadev Karki Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 39

40 Sports Exquisite adventure sport in Nepal: Rafting The rivers of Nepal, originated from the glaciers of some of the world s highest mountains have a high current suitable for rafting. Due to those cascading rivers, Nepal is acknowledged around the world for rafting. The river journey will offer you exciting experience, everlasting memory, and a thrilling satisfaction. Don t worry if you re a beginner or intermediate rafter, below listed are some popular white rivers rafting in Nepal for you guys: Short River Rafting in Nepal Trishuli River Rafting The most popular rafting river in Nepal is Trishuli River. Those fluctuating current and exciting rapids makes rafting at Trishuli River exhilarating. It is safe for all age groups and suited for adventurers with or without prior rafting experience. The rafting trip can also be combined with a trekking in Pokhara or Chitwan. The short trip is of 2 or 3 days. The Seti River Rafting 5 hours far from Kathmandu, the Seti River plunges down from the Machhapuchhre Mountain and pleasantly pass through the local villages, forests and farmlands of Damauli. The Upper Seti River is thrilling and adventurous where as Lower Seti is perfect for family trips, first timers and nature lovers. You can go for a 2 days trip. The Bhote Koshi River Rafting Just 4 hours from the Kathmandu city, the Bhote Koshi is regarded as one of the best short white water rafting trips in the world. It is the steepest river with continuous current. The Bhote Koshi rafting trip will be an ideal trip who wants a short but intense and thrilling rafting trip which is of 2 days long. Balephi Khola Rafting Over small span of time, if you want to go for a rafting, then you might prefer Balephi River rafting which is only 70 km far from Kathmandu. It will take 3 hours to reach there. The river current is not pushy but is enjoyable. After rafting, you can take a round of Sindhupalchowk village as well. Upper Sun Koshi Rafting It only takes 3 hours from Kathmandu to reach Sun Koshi River. The upper Sun Koshi River is not too pushy so for vibrant flow, plan it out during monsoon season. Sun Koshi rafting is recommended for intermediate Kayaks for confidence building and practice. Medium River Rafting in Nepal Kali Gandaki River Rafting Kali Gandaki River, free-flowing between Mount Annapurna and Mount Dhaulagiri, is famous for its rapids, ripple, and beautiful sceneries. Just 3 hours from Pokhara, the thrilling adventure of the Kali Gandaki rafting is suitable for experienced as well as novice rafter. The trip is generally a 3 days trip. Marshyangdi River Rafting Not for the faint heart, Marshyangdi River is known for its turbulent current. You will also get to view beautiful snow capped mountains and villages. Originating from slopes of Mount Annapurna, the River is tagged as The Raging River in local tongue. Only experienced rafters are recommended Marshyangdi River Rafting. Budi Gandaki River Originating from the eastern slopes of Manaslu and the Ganesh Mountain, the trip starts from Arughat which is 7 hours far from Kathmandu and ends at Mugling. The river is raging so it is suitable for beginners and intermediate kayakers. On the 3 days long trip, you can go for rafting, trekking and visit the national park as well. Lower Kali Gandaki River Though big river, due to its gentle current, lower kali Gandaki River rafting is very easy and safe. Perfect for Beginners, the kayaker can have a relaxing river trip. The rafting starts from Ramdi to Narayanghat. You will be treated with beautiful scenic view, nature and if lucky some water dwellers might pay a visit.

41 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 41

42 travel diaries Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

43 Sauraha Jungle Safari A trip into the wilderness A wildlife safari is undoubtedly a thrilling experience. A trip into the wilderness with no certainty what you might encounter next; holding the binocular and brushing off the dust from your cloth while waiting in excitement what might jump out of the bush is inarguably going to be a life-changing experience. The stillness of the jungle, dead silence of the night and feeling of being surrounded by the untamed wilds will keep you on your toe. Since forest covers a large area of Nepal, it can be an ideal place for jungle safari. There s a number of national parks and wildlife reserves and among them, Chitwan National Park is one of the most popular destinations for jungle safari lovers. The safari will take you into the picturesque woodlands, idyllic wetlands and exotic spices of both animals and plants. The major attraction of this park is nocturnal Royal Bengal Tigers and One-Horned Rhino. In addition to this, you will discover elephants, pre-historic Rhino, deer, pythons, crocodiles, multicolored birds, gray langur, and leopards. Apart from this, one gets an opportunity to experience the Tharu culture closely. Elephant ride is the best way to observe the wild animals. The major advantage of riding an elephant is that other animals will come close to the elephant without realizing there s a human on the elephant s back. Though it is the safest way to enter the woodland, elephant safari is not a comfortable ride. Most of the lodges and tour agency offers elephant treks. The tour generally lasts for one to one and a half hour and is available in three shifts: early morning, mid morning and late afternoon. It costs between NRs Another option is a Jeep safari. One can sit on the back of the open jeep to see animals. The jeep stops at places to see animals. The guide will show you spotted wild animals and explain about the wild life and their environment. There are two options to do Jeep Safari: short safari and full day safari. Short safari is for around four hours. It generally starts around 1 pm and finishes around 5 pm. In a full day safari, you will have a better seat and a private car. In this safari, one will go deeper into the forest and have more chances to see tigers. How to get there There are various travel agents that offer package tour which is both affordable and comfortable. However, if you want to travel all by yourself, you can do that too. There are lots of luxurious hotels so you won t have accommodation problem. You can hire a guide after reaching your destination Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 43

44 Hangouts Guheshwori to Pashupatinath OM NAMAH SHIVAYA NAMO NAMAHA OM SACHINANDAYA NAMO NAMAHA OM SADGURU NATHAYA NAMO NAMAHA I was waiting on the Northern side of the temple chanting Om Namah Shivaya Namo Namaha mantra for Arati to start any moment soon. I often visit this place in peace and tranquil state of mind. I feel elevated from work pressure and stress levels, here I am living in the state of "me" as a being. Evening arati transports me from materialism to spiritualism. It focused on me and my presence in Earth. Listening to Shiva tandav strotram hymn makes me feel pleasant and calm. The lights of Arati make the atmosphere cheerful. The rhythms are soothing and transcends your soul with eternal bliss. The sound of sconch enters through ears and resides in my soul. To capture this unique experience, I go to see arati. Perhaps, others too like me to experience this divine moment come to Pashupatinath temple. Everybody knows in the god's creation, death is a mystery. There are other hidden secrets also but death is topmost of this list. All these sad events which people cannot look beyond make him sorrow and his quest for joy begins. As a social being, we know that death means separation with others. After the soul leave the house of our body it gets into 5 elements of the Universe. One can feel this by stepping at the courtyard of Pashupatinath temple where cremation is taking place. On one side arati is going on and on the other dead body are cremated. I am watching this. Some are crying over the loss while others are engulfed by arati song. They are dancing and some are clapping along with the music instruments of Arati. I asked to Bimal who was alongside me- Why do you come to see Arati? He replied instantly, I come here for enjoyment. I like the evenings and sounds coming from temple. I come here to experience this moment. Before ending his conversation, a man called Hem Binadi put that he comes from Sinamangal to experience the spirituality from evening arati and shift focus from material world to reality of inner soul Issue 5 Colleges Nepal Hem is right! People were materialistic they have no time for themselves. Leisure is rare. This is a commercial world they struggle for earning, money can buy everything is their misconception. So, to take time out from hustle bustle and come to evening arati and recite mantras for mind control is very profitable. Hearing me speak Sudhir smiled and said no matter what you are at calm. It is a great relief from fatigue. Positive thoughts, focus on work, dedication for peace of mind the temple is very conducive place to come and watch arati. Now-a day every individual is after enjoyment. He wants every moment of his life to be joyful. A relaxed and happy state of mind. Without any obstructions he wants to full his desires and ambitions. But is life as simple as that? no, if you don't know how to life a simple and happy life it becomes very complex. In this complexities to take a rest and take a close look of life people flock together to the courtyard of Pashupatinath and watch Arati. Pashupatinath is historically, religiously and symbolically for tourists a very important place of Nepal. Every day in the evening the significance of arati is growing day by day. Before arati takes place I would have already roam around Sleshmantak forest. Bird calling in the forest is no less than music. Monkeys excitement makes me feel as though I am at zoo. At dusk, I reside to sing arati. Just like me, others have already gathered to recite arati. In the month of Shrawan seeing the women devotees who fast and gather for puja, meditation and offerings make spiritualism more meaningful. Pashupatinath temple is not just a pilgrimage, but conjoint facades of life. The glow of the light in the evening, running water of Bagmati, Monkey's activities, reflection of different moods from people's face, touch my heart. And, the blissful Arati, Wow! SANTOSH PAUDEL Shantinagar, Kathmandu

45 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 45

46 FEEL ROYAL AT SANO DUR-BAR Set in the traditional lane of Basantapur, Sano Dur-Bar is beautifully designed eatery that endeavors to leave the royal impact on its customers. Located just around 2/3 minutes walk from the Basantapur Durbar Square towards Jhocheen (Freak Street), the restaurant is an ideal place for those who love to spend time in private and peaceful ambience as it has a separate room-like seating which is perfectly complemented by traditional Newari artistic windows. As soon as you enter the restaurant, you are welcomed by magnificent setting that reflects the Newari tradition. The alluring royal ambiance is the icing on the cake. Its attempt to justify its name Sano Dur-Bar is reflected on its classic and whimsical décor. A fine blend of a traditional architecture and modern comfort, the place is both rich and cozy. Replete with food and life most of the time, just a year and a half old eatery has already found its niche in the competitive market. Walking the extra miles to meet the expectations of the customers, the restaurant does not just satisfy hunger but also fill the heart with pleasure. Sano Dur- Bar is probably the most charming eatery imaginable, says Maanas Sewacharya, the co-owner of Sano Dur-Bar. He attributes most of his success to his staffs. Mr. Sewacharya believes if one has a perfect team nothing can stop him from achieving the desired goal. With the proliferation of high-end restaurants and cafes in the Basantapur area, the risk of the employee leaving you always exists. So keeping them financially and emotionally satisfied is must. Walking down the memory lane, he further added, Initially it was not easy for me. Since I was a newbie, not many people believed in me. I too had doubts about myself. Sometimes I was praised and sometimes criticized. I have had a fair share of struggle. But in the middle of everything, one thing was always been constant; my will to put sweat and blood into my restaurant. The eatery should not only be praised for their distinct approach to food, but also for their commitment to making the moment of its customer precious, memorable and enjoyable. Though the restaurant serves a variety of meals, the place is specifically popular for Japanese cuisine. Some of the scrumptious meals offered at Sano Dur-Bar include Aaan Kaki Misi, Tendon Chicken, Chicken Teriyaki and Okonomiyaki. Though we aspire to serve the most exotic foods and are incorporating new meals in our menu, time and again, we usually don t redesign the menu because we believe we should continue doing what we are best at. Veering onto the subject of the condition of the post-earthquake of Basantapur, he says, Business is somewhat affected by the destruction caused by 2015 earthquake. It s quite saddening that the monuments are not reconstructed yet. The place that used to be brimming with the crowd is now empty. It seems like Basantapur is losing its charm. It s not a good sign. Sano Dur-Bar offers delectable foods at a very affordable price. It can be an ideal place to hangout for every age group.

47 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 47

48 Health Improve your memory with a good night s sleep Stressful Events Can Age the Brain Have you ever realized your brain thinks best on the day you had full sleep? Your brain is alert, spontaneous and more productive. And when you didn t have enough sleep at night, you re sleepy the whole day which affects your productivity and stamina. To have a healthy sleep means your mind is in the right state. A good night s sleep is important not only to stay fresh and energetic the whole day but also to retain the information for a long time. Clearly, sleep also helps in improving your memory. Many researchers and scientists have done many research and experiments regarding this topic. A study indicated that memories and skills are transferred to more efficient and permanent brain regions while we sleep, resulting in high proficiency on the next day. Scientist thinks that learning something new before you sleep helps you remember the information in the long term. People nowadays are compelled to do multitasking in this competitive world. Under the pressure to get productive, sleep is the one thing people sacrifice but we have to understand that sleep rejuvenates our brain cell and stimulates our memory cells. If our brain is alert then the result reflects in your productivity. The researchers have said that our minds don t shut down during deep sleep. While we re fast asleep, we unconsciously can hear the sound which the brain continuously evaluates. A study says that playing specific sounds while sleeping helps to remember information that we had learned before falling asleep. Improper sleep can affect a person s memory and thoughts which can lead to loss of brain tissue. Skipping good night s sleep may cause brain dementia, called Alzheimer s disease (AD). AD leads to loss of some mental abilities and causes nighttime wandering, sleepless nights, mood swings, difficulty in remembering recent events, premature aging, etc. You might not know but there is no cure for Alzheimer s disease. Researchers are working on finding its treatment. It s better to avoid the disease itself than to search for its treatment, isn t it? So, don t see sleep as a waste of time and don t think you will be fine without a good nap. A human body requires a good amount of rest and now we ve learned that a good night s sleep has many benefits, one of which is the improvement in memory. Stressful events like break up, divorce, the death of near ones or being fired can age the brain by up to four years, say researchers. The study shows the people who have been through more stressful events will have poorer cognitive functioning in the later life. Cognitive functioning encompasses attention, memory, reasoning, and language. Another report suggests, Stress can impede immune functioning and develop the protein plagues in the brain, both of which can help Alzheimer s development. Reportedly, the stressful experience leaves an impact on brain function which might lead to dementia in the long term. However, the direct link between the stress and increased risk of dementia is yet to be explained. However, according to research carried out in 2015, the future brain health is more affected by the way people perceive the stress than the actual event itself. Thus, one can reduce the stress through yoga and meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy or even by a sound sleep. Tips for reducing the risk of dementia Stay active for at least thirty minutes every day Include vegetables, fruit, and fish in your diet. Lower the consumption of sugar and red meat. Don t smoke. Lower the consumption of alcohol moreover intakes up to fourteen units only per week. Take care of blood pressure, cholesterol and type 2 diabetes. Maintain weight to reduce the risk of suffering from heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Be socially active and make a good social network Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

49 Health Celebrities and their Phobia Actors seem flawless to us, with never ending courage and strength. We see them performing some dangerous and difficult stunts onscreen fearlessly but then we hardly try to know what goes behind their reel life. Like every normal human being, they have their own share of difficulties, fear, and phobias. Here we have listed the weird phobias of some famous celebrities. Vidhya Balan Rightfully called the Khan of the Bollywood, Vidhya Balan is petrified of cats. Nothing makes her lose her calm other than the cat. Suffering from Ailurophobia, Vidhya was once in Kamalistan Studio for a magazine shoot where she spotted a cat. Her fear of cats got her stand on a chair and refused to come down until the cat was out of her sight. Katrina Kaif Katrina Kaif, a gorgeous actress with a huge fan following actually has a fear of tomatoes. The phobia of tomatoes is called Lycopersicoa phobia. And due to her fear of tomatoes, she even turned down million dollar offer for a ketchup advertisement. It came to know that her phobia worsened after she shot a song in ZNMD. Arjun Kapoor Arjun Kapoor, who has a macho image on-screen, actually have a fear of ceiling fan to the extent that he hasn t got a single ceiling fan in his home and avoids them completely outside also. Alia Bhatt The cute and bubbly actress of Bollywood, Alia Bhatt is petrified of darkness. Thus, she sleeps with a dim light on and windows slightly open. She has revealed that her fear of darkness developed when she was a child. Her sister used to lock her up in a dark room while Alia would cry with fear. Seems like we will never see her in a horror movie. Sonam Kapoor The fit and gorgeous fashionista, Sonam Kapoor has a weird phobia which actually helps her stay fit. What I mean is she is scared by elevators. She would rather choose stairs than climb an elevator. The elevator is not even an option if she s stressed out. She hasn t revealed the reason behind her fear but there might be one. Celina Jaitley The beauty queen Celina has a fear of butterflies which she has been suffering since she was a child. She is so much terrified of butterflies that once when she was on the set of movie No Entry, she almost fell off the cliff when she ran seeing a butterfly. How do people get phobias? Feeling uneasy and fearing certain things are quite common in every human being. But if your fear interrupts your daily life, does not let you stay happy and makes you avoid certain situations or things on the daily basis, you might be suffering from certain phobias. Phobia is generally divided into three groups: 1. Specific or Simple Phobias: This phobia produces great fear of a particular thing or situation. People suffering from simple phobia know it s irrational to be scared of such objects or situations, but still they are terrified of those object or situation. 2. Social Phobia: People suffering from this phobia fears of being embarrassed and humiliated in front of other people. It can be because of low self-esteem and feelings of inferiority. 3. Agoraphobia: People suffering from this phobia feel like they are in a situation or place from where they won t be able to escape. This may include dread of using an elevator. In extreme case, people may fear to leave their house. Phobia is not something that can be washed away or can be overcome by willpower but are treatable. Ways to tackle these phobias Cognitive-behavioral therapy and behavioral therapy are proven to be effective to treat these phobias. In order to tackle phobia, one should work with therapist closely. You can take medicines like beta blockers, antidepressants, and tranquilizers Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 49

50 Technology OnePlus: The Flagship Killer powered by Adreno 530 GPU with 64 GB of non-expandable storage and 6 GB of RAM. At this point, your mind has probably been blown away but be patient and keep your mind at ease because you'll be amazed knowing the specs of OnePlus 5. The new OnePlus 5 is run by a Snapdragon 835 chipset powered by Adreno 540 GPU with two variants; one with 64 GB of non-expandable storage powered by 6 GB of RAM and another one with 128 GB of non-expandable storage powered by 8 GB of RAM. Yes, you read it right. The headlining feature of the OnePlus 5 is the dual primary cameras on the back which is kind of similar to what Apple did with their new flagship iphone 7 Plus. Unlike most phones, it has a 1080p AMOLED display which is not much of an end of the world compromisation. The screen is pretty bright even in outdoors and the colors are quite vibrant and accurate. After releasing six new Smartphone within a short period of three and a half years, OnePlus has been able to earn the title of The Ultimate Flagship Killer. A big spec, premium design at a small price is what makes this company remarkable. Not just once, not just twice but they have been continuing this for six consecutive times with the release of the new OnePlus 5. Unlike Samsung, Apple, LG and other flagship companies, OnePlus has a limited number of audiences. However, this is not a con but a pro for the company because this is what that makes it easier for the company to reach out to all of its audiences and acknowledge their responsibility for the efficient manufacture of the next Smartphone model. Founded in December 2013 by Pete Lau and Carl Pei, OnePlus is a Chinese smartphone manufacturer, based in Shenzhen. The company serves 42 different countries and regions around the world as of March Despite not having an authorized dealer in Nepal, we can find all the models provided by this company online and even in the local stores. OnePlus 1, OnePlus 2, OnePlus X, OnePlus 3, OnePlus 3T, OnePlus 5 are the models manufactured by OnePlus till date. Now, you may be wondering what happened to OnePlus 4? How come there s a OnePlus 3T but not a OnePlus 4? Well, here s a fun fact. The number 4 is considered bad luck in China. So instead, they decided to go with the name 3T. And let s accept it, 3T sounds cool. The recently released OnePlus 5 and the OnePlus 3T are the top notch flagship killers available in the current market. A flagship is basically what a company has to offer as their best product with all the best features available in the trading business. The OnePlus 3T is run by a Snapdragon 821 chipset Despite the fact that OnePlus 5 is more lighter, gives more battery backup, has more RAM and gets faster updates, only the tech savvy people are aware of this brand. Otherwise, in our country, people would normally resort to more branded and expensive phones by Apple or Samsung and refer to OnePlus as just another Chinese brand. But I can assure you that OnePlus breaks this stereotype among the Nepalese Smartphone users. Since we change our phones almost twice or thrice a year, why not give this one a try? The new OnePlus 5 has been priced at Rs. 59,499/- and the OnePlus 3T at Rs. 49,000/- on the website of Kaymu. So, if you re looking for a new phone with almost all the new features at a low price, then OnePlus sure is the brand you re looking for. Be Smart, Live Smarter and yeah, Never Settle (pun intended). Prithivi Bikram Shrestha Masters of Arts in English Literature Tribhuvan University Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

51 Technology Love your Gadgets It s not easy to imagine life without a Smartphone, laptop or tablet; how would we keep in contact with friends and family or update our social media? To make life a bit easier and avoid any gadget-related mishaps, we ve put together our top tips to make sure your gadgets are protected at all times. KEEP IT PROTECTED A good place to start is by protecting your beloved gadget from harm s way. It s worth investing in a phone case or a laptop bag, to avoid any damage from general wear and tear, drops and scrapes. You can salso have a bit of fun choosing a stylish case or cover there are a great range of colorful phone cases available online so you don t have to be restricted with a boring design. AVOID THE BACK POCKET Convenient as it might be, try not to leave your phone in the back pocket of your trousers or jeans. Even if it feels safe, there s nothing to stop someone leaning across and pinching it from you without you realizing and let s not forget the classic dropped my phone down the toilet fiasco. Keep your phone securely in your bag, or tucked away into a jacket pocket out of sight. USE A SCREEN PROTECTOR Avoid the dreaded moment of having to inspect your phone or laptop after watching it fall face-first onto the floor, by investing in a screen protector. Although electrical items are becoming much more resilient, make sure you keep yourself protected against the unexpected, whilst keeping your screen clean and scratch-free. LOCK IT UP If you re not going to be using your laptop or tablet and plan on leaving it in your room, it s worth hiding it out of sight or if you want it to be totally secure, invest in a lock for your desk or storage cupboard. A number of laptops also come equipped with a small hole with which you can affix a Kensington Lock, securing the device to a cable anchored in your room. CREATE A STRONG PASSCODE Don t rely on simply locking your phone, laptop or tablet - ensure you have gone into your settings and added a passcode to prevent anyone from picking up your gadget and having immediate access. Make sure you chose a passcode which isn t easy to guess, like your birthday. The longest passcodes are usually the most difficult to crack.

52 Entertainment Directed by the prominent director Hemraj BC, Gangster Blues features Aashirman Desraj Joshi, Anna Sharma and Samyam Puri in the lead role. The movie revolves around the life of a gangster and his suffering in family, love and personal life. The movie will hit the theater on UPCOMING MOVIES Sabin Shrestha and Rekha Thapa starrer action comedy movie Hero Returns is set to release on Directed by Ashish Bhetwal, Hero Returns is an action movie. Rekha Thapa will be seen doing action scenes once again. Not much has been revealed about the movie. A Mero Hajur 2 is a sequel to super hit movie A Mero Hajur. Jharana Thapa will be debuting as a director through this movie. The movie stars Samragyee RL Shah and Nazir Hussain in the lead roles. Though Anmole KC was supposed to be cast opposite Samragyee, due to his busy schedule the lead role was given to Nazir Hussain. It is a romantic flick and is slated to release on Directed and written by Asif Shah, Dui Ripaiyan features Buddhi Tamang and director Nischal Basnet in the lead role. The comedy flick is set to hit the theater on Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

53 Attractions Tube Slide Speed Mat Kids Pool Tower Height Laughing Buddha Mini Columbus Palase, Bhaktapur, , Wave Pool Fun Begins Here... Rain Dance KIDS POOL SPEED MAT WAVE POOL TUBE SLIDE PLAY AND WIN CONTEST Visit Colleges Nepal Facebook Page ( to participate in our quiz contest and win attractive gift hampers every Monday. 5 winners will be awarded the prize. Each winner will get 2 tickets of Kathmandu Fun Valley and 2 tickets of Gangster Blues movie. Like our Facebook page to get regular notifications about play and win contest Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 53

54 Aries (March 21 April 20) Rams are likely to experience transition in their career. Your career will take a big step towards success. Don t get distracted with the domestic issues. Monetary growth will be excellent. The love life of singles will get stuck if you keep on searching perfection in your partner. You will get help from your near ones. Taurus (April 21 May 20) Taureans will be involved in their family matters and your career seems regressive. Focus on your career paths. Try something new that can be beneficial to your career. Don t expect immediate results. Your hard work is definitely going to pay off so keep on the hard work. You will be spending money on family. You will try to maintain harmony in the family. Health will be fine throughout the month. Gemini (May 21 June 21) You need to sharpen your social skills in order to attain your objectives in your life. Try to expand your social network. Enjoy being children with children. Spend some time with them. Your professional life will be normal. No improvements in career but have patience; the month is favorable for big investments. The magnetic persona of the twins is likely to get in a relationship. Cancer (June 22 July 22) You will be concerned about your family. Your family will support on your new venture. You might feel helpless sometimes and might get controlled by the situation. Make your social network strong; it will help in your career growth. The financial status of Cancerian seems good. Your family business will make excellent profits. Cancerians will be too busy for romance. Career growth will take over romance. Leo (July 23 August 22) You are clear about what you want in your life. You will be giving your best in maintaining harmony in the family and in the growth of your career as well. Financial status seems excellent as you will be clear about the financial strategies. You might have to travel for a business purpose. Be careful while making commitments. Think before you get into a relationship and take care of your health too. Virgo (August 23 September 22) Stop compromising. You can change your life on your own, don t wish others to come and bring change in your life. Nothing great will happen in your professional life but keep on trying. Make corrections and expect some unexpected flow of money. Health will be great this month. Just be confident and do what you want to do. HOROSCOPE Libra (September 23 October 22) Concentrate on handling various concerns at the right time. Your partner will help you financially. You re likely to be attracted towards social work. You should focus more on your studies. Don t get distracted by your love life. Follow some fitness regime to stay healthy. Scorpio (October 23 November 21) Focus on your professional objectives. You will get encouragement from your family members. You will have the power to change the situation. This advantage will lead you to success in your career. You will be drawn towards charitable activities. Your business will prosper and financial status will improve. The students will get distracted and will not do well in their studies so try to avoid the distractions. Sagittarius(November 22 December 21) The family environment doesn t seem good this month. You might be mentally disturbed; talk it out with your near ones. Your career growth is in your hands. You don t need anyone to accomplish your target. Your creativity and hard work will improve your career. Go for therapies if you need them. Your study might slow down but don t lose hope this fast. Practice makes man perfect so practice more. Capricorn (December 22 January 20) Your focus will be more on professional ventures. You will achieve professional success if you focus on your social skills. Your confidence level will remain high and you will be able to take some strong decisions. Your financial status will improve likewise. The situation might become stressful but you can go for a good exercise routine. Students should focus on their studies as they might focus on other things than studies. Aquarius (January 21 February 19) Life might become complicated as family and career both will get messed up. Challenges are waiting for you in different fields. Running from them should not be an option though. Try to fix them. Don t give up without trying. Enhance your communication skills. Money should not be your prime concern but minimize expenses on unnecessary things. Students will have a normal student s life. Studies will be good. Pisces (February 20 March 20) Pisces need to adapt to the situations. You will need help from others and don t hesitate to take hose helps. This month is not suitable to take big decisions. You might have to compromise to settle certain things. But just be happy that your problem is solved. Your social networks will help you further your career. Be friendly, and spend more time with your friends. Students can take help from their friends in their studies.

55 Classified Consultancies in Kathmandu Consultancy Name Address Contact Number Skyline Education Bagbazzar, Kathmandu Platform Education Foundation Bagbazzar, Kathmandu Global Choice Education Opp to Investment Bank Rhino International Consultancy Pvt.Ltd Putalisadak, Kathmandu Akashi Japanese Language School / / Bagbazar, Kathmandu PIE International Education Service Bagbazar, Shakya Complex EDU Campaign Pvt. Ltd Putalisadak, Kathmandu Pacific International Study Abroad Kathmandu-13, Bagbazar Equals International Consultancy Bagbazar, Bhaktapur Buspark Inmotion Education Consultancy Bagbazar, Kathmandu Globancy Global Consultancy / Putalisadak, Kathmandu Mayor Education Consultancy Putalisadak, Kathmandu Abroad Study Center Pvt. Ltd / Star Mall, Putalisadak, Ktm Broad Brain Nepal Pvt. Ltd Putalisadak behind Raymond Asahi International Consultancy Putalisadak Chowk, Kathmandu Unicampus Educational Network Putalisadak, Kathmandu Global Education and Migration Services Dillibazar, Kathmandu Nexus Educational Consultancy and Immi Dillibazar, Kathmandu Awarded International Education Pvt. Ltd Putalisadak, Kathmandu Access Education Network Pvt. Ltd / Putalisadak, Kathmandu Nist International Education Padmodaya Mode, Putalisadak Kangaroo Education Foundation / Padmodaya Mode, Putalisadak Kathmandu Infosys Educational Consultancy Bagbazar, Kathmandu Queensland Education Foundation Pvt. Ltd Putalisadak, Kathmandu Hamro Japanese Language School Ramshahapath, Kathmandu E-planet Education Consultancy /57 Bagbazar, Kathmandu Camford Education Hub Pvt.Ltd Putalisadak, Kathmandu Journey to Australia Putalisadak, Kathmandu Student Destinations Putalisadak, Kathmandu Noor Opportunities Overseas Pvt. Ltd Bagbazar, Kathmandu Mid town Consultancy Naya Bazar marg, Kathmandu Ichiban Japanese Language Centre Thamel marg, Kathmandu Dream Education Consultancy Opposite to Shankardev campurs Peace Linkage Consultancy Putalisadak Pragya Educational Services Pvt. Ltd Maitidevi, Kathmandu Sunmoon Nepal Education Foundation P.L Bagbazar, Kathmandu SIA International Academy , Kumaripati, Lalitpur Seaford Education Consultancy Pvt. Ltd Kumaripati, Lalitpur Broadlink Education Consultancy Putalisadak, Kathmandu 2074 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 55

56 Classifieds Hostels in Kathmandu Hostel Name Category Address Contact Number Dreamland Eco Hostel Pvt. Ltd. Tourist Ramkot, Kathmandu Welcome Hostel Both Dillibazar, Kalikasthan / Wander Thirst Pvt. Ltd. Both Kaldhara Marg, Kathmandu Firefiles Hostel Pvt. Ltd. Both Paknajol Marg, Kathmandu The New Age Hostel Boys Shankhamul, Kathmandu Radhey Krishna Girls And Boys Hostel Both Maitidevi,Kathmandu New Hill Boys Hostel Boys Anamnagar, Kathmandu / Shuva Laxmi Boys Hostel Pvt. Ltd Boys Putalisadak, Kathmandu / Premier Boys Hostel Boys Baneshwor Mega Boys hostel Boys Baneshwor, Kathmandu / BIBHUTI Boys Hostel Boys Baneshwor, Kathmandu Next To Home Boys Hostel Boys Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Namuna Boys Hostel Boys Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Churiya Mai Boys Hostel Boys Baneshwor,Naya Thapa Gaun / Facebook Boys Hostel Boys Buddhanagar,Kathmandu / Discipline Boys Hostel Boys Buddhanagar,kathmandu / Everest Boys Hostel Boys Dhobidhara, Putalisadak , Safal Boys Hostel Boys Dillibazar, Kalikasthan Shivam Boys Hostel Boys Dillibazar,Kathmandu Annapurna Boys Hostel Boys Dillibazar,Kathmandu BNB Boys Hostel Boys Gujessworee marg,kathmandu Palpasa Boys Hostel Boys Gyaneshwor, Kathmandu / Himalayan Boys Hostel Boys Koteshwor Kathmandu / Naba Swarnim Sansar Boys Hostel Boys Maitidevi,Kathmandu / Milind Boys Hostel Boys Maitidevi,Kathmandu Kanyam Boys Hostel Boys Mid Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Himalayan Friendship Boys Hostel Boys Mid Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Mom's Home Boys Hostel Boys New Baneshwor / Anamnagar / Suva Lumbini Boys Hostel Boys New Baneshwor, Kathmandu Swagat Sanshkar Boys Hostel Boys New Baneshwor, Kathmandu Brothers Inn(Boys Hostel) Boys New Banesshwor,Kathmandu Kathmandu Unity Boys Hostel Boys New Banesshwor,Kathmandu Trishakti Boys HOSTEL Boys New Banesshwor,Kathmandu Happy Home Boys Hostel Boys Okharbot Marg, / Om Kathmandu Boys Hostel Boys Shankhamul, Kthmandu Student Standard Boys Hostel Boys Shankhamul, Kthmandu Vinayak Boys Hostel Boys Shankhamul, Kthmandu R & R Boys Hostel Boys Anamnagar, Kathmandu , Baba Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar, Kathmandu / Srija Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu Palpasa Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu / Sumnima Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu Unique Girls And Boys Hostel Pvt. Ltd. Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu / Didi Bahini Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu / Issue 5 Colleges Nepal

57 Classifieds Hostels in Kathmandu Hostel Name Category Address Contact Number Eva Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu / Green Tara Girls Hostel Girls Putalisadak, Kathmandu Radiant Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar, Kathamandu / / Victory Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar, Kathmandu Cinderella Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar, Kathmandu / Marigold Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar, Kathmandu / Galaxy Girls Hostel Girls Babarmahal, Kathmandu Angel Girls Hostel Girls Babarmahal,Kathmandu Swarnim Sansar Girls Hostel Girls Babarmahal,Kathmandu Oasis Girls Hostel Girls Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Sunshine Girls Hostel Girls Baneshwor, Kathmandu Comfort Girls Hostel Girls Buddhanagar, Kathmandu Homely Girls Hostel Girls Buddhanagar, Kathmandu / Buddha Girls Hostel Girls Buddhanagar,Kathmandu / Indrawati Girls Hostel Girls Buddhanagar,kathmandu Hama Girls Hostel Girls Buddhanagar,kathmandu / Pawan Boys Hostel Girls Budhha Nagar, Kathmandu Diyalo Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar Height, Kathmandu Anjali Girls Hostel Pvt.Ltd Girls Dillibazar, Kathmandu / Fairyland Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar, Kalikasthan Kohinoor Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar,Kathmandu Sanctuary Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar,Kathmandu Dahlia Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar,Kathmandu / Saathi ko Ghar Boys Hostel Girls Dillibazar,Kathmandu Kohinoor Boys Hostel Girls Dillibazar, Kathmandu / Everest Boys and Girls Hostel Girls Dillibazar, Kathmandu Manakamana Girls Hostel Girls Gawarko, Lalitpur Blue Sky Girls Hostel Girls Ghattekulo, Kathmandu Family Girls Hostel Girls Ghattekulo, Kathmandu / Ekata Girls Hostel Girls Ghattekulo, Kathmandu / Sanctuary Girls Hostel Girls Ghattekulo, Kathmandu / Daughter Girls Hostel Girls Gyaneshwor,Kathmandu , Rose Girls Hostel Girls Koteshwor, Kathmandu Elite Girls Hostel Girls Maitidevi, Kathmandu / Anee Girls Hostel Girls Maitidevi,Kathmandu / Mata Pathivara Girls Hostel Girls Mid Baneshwor, Kathmandu Manakamana Girls Hostel Girls Mid Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Next To Home Girls Hostel Girls Mid Baneshwor, Kathmandu / Comfort Girls Hostel Girls Minbhawan, Kathmandu Everest Girls Hostel Girls New Baneshwor, Kathmandu Unique Girls Hostel Girls New Baneshwor, Kathmandu / New ABC Girls Hostel Girls Shankhamool, Kathmandu Om Girls Hostel Girls Kathmandu Pariwarik Girls Hostel Girls Anamnagar,Kathmandu / Issue 5 Colleges Nepal 57

58

59 COLLEGES NEPAL PVT. LTD. FOR COLLEGES 1. Develop your COLLEGE profile videos 2. College Documentary 3. College Events Capture 4. Video advertisement 5. Post vacancy announcement for faculty & staff FOR Cover song Want to make your cover songs? We will make a video for you. It will be featured in our website and YouTube channel free of cost. Online resources at collegesnepal.com 1. View old question bank 2. View course of study and syllabus 3. View online tutorials 4. Entertainment 5. Celebrity Gossips 6. Hangouts 7. Short movies Tri Chandra Campus, Durbarmarg, KTM Showcase your talent 1. If you have any special talent and want to showcase it then collegesnepal.com is the right platform for you. 2. Recite your poem 3. Writing articles, stories and writings Riyasha Dahal Colleges Nepal Talent Hunt Showcase Submit your travel story Students can submit their travel story to us with photographs to feature it in our magazine. However, Colleges Nepal reserves the right regarding publishing the material. For advertisements/ subscription: Colleges Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Putalisadak, Kathmandu Phone: Cell: marketing@collegesnepal.com NRs. 100 per issue and 1000 for one year subscription. Follow us on: Website: YouTube: Facebook: Twitter:

60 Issue 5 Colleges Nepal