Our common dignity: Towards Rights Based World Heritage Management

Transcription

1 OWHC Bente Mathisen Heritage led Economic Regeneration in World Heritage cities Bergen, May 4th 2011 Our common dignity: Towards Rights Based World Heritage Management

2 best practice civil society good examples community at heart of heritage community rticipation culture conservation cultural dign cultural diversity cultural icon cultural respec evelopment disputes and conflicts human righ government immaterial cultural heritage indigenous people interpretation local nderstanding material cultural heritage natur conservation new paradigm power relations sustainable development urban context universality world heritage

3 The UN State parties are all committed to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): Article 17: (2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property. Article 22: Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality. Article 27. (1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits..

4 World Heritage + Human Rights =? WH China Xi an

5 Our common dignity: Towards Rights Based World Heritage Management ICOMOS Norway invited to the first workshop with the topic World Heritage and Human Rights in The last international initiative was a workshop in Oslo 9 11 March 2011, organized by ICOMOS Norway Norwegian Centre for Human Rights Norwegian Helsinki Committee, Financial support was granted by the Ministry of Environment, Norway.

6 The Workshop: Our common dignity: Towards Rights Based World Heritage Management Oslo 9 11 March participants: ICOMOS, IUCN, ICCROM, Experts

7 Statement from the Participants: Appreciate that the objective of the Workshop was to raise awareness of the human rights dimensions within World Heritage in a framework of sustainable development; WH Cambodia: Angkor Wat

8 Statement from the Participants: Recall that the UNESCO Constitution states that The purpose of the Organization is to contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, for the rule of law and for the human rights and fundamental freedoms which are affirmed for the peoples of the world, without distinction of race, sex, language or religion, by the Charter of the United Nations WH Mozambique: Ilha de Mocambique (Article 1.1);

9 Statement from the Participants: Recall the Declaration on Cultural Heritage and Human Rights of the ICOMOS Advisory Committee in Stockholm in 1998 and having learned as well of valuable efforts from organizations such as IUCN to develop concepts, approaches and tools that support conservation paradigms that are inclusive of human rights, livelihood security, justice and equity. WH Norway: Alta rock art

10 Statement from the Participants: Recognise the positive contributions World Heritage makes to Human Rights but Lime production, Mozambique note, however, that cases exist where the rights and interests of people associated with World Heritage sites have been negatively impacted, and that such impacts contradict national and international commitments on human rights, poverty reduction, equity and sustainable development;

11 Statement from the Participants: Express concern that the efforts of the World Heritage Convention to conserve the most precious creations of humankind and outstanding natural places are ethically compatible with the rights of people to live in dignity as individuals and communities.

12 Statement from the Participants: 1. We recommend that internationally proclaimed human rights should be upheld, respected and included in the implementation of the World Heritage Convention, and in particular through education and training initiatives, consistent with the commitment of States Parties to internationally proclaimed human rights; School boy Hebron, Palestine

13 Statement from the Participants: 2. We invite the President of ICOMOS to establish a working group with IUCN and ICCROM to develop and enhance good practice including in relation to World heritage evaluation and monitoring. We recommend that this working group develops appropriate guidance and tools to support States Parties to adequately integrate human rights considerations in their actions to implement the World Heritage Convention. We recommend that this working group collaborate with interested States Parties and Human Rights Organizations to further strengthen an open, informed and inclusive process;

14 Statement from the Participants: 3. We recommend that the organizers of this workshop present its results at the World Heritage Convention Anniversary events in 2012, contributing to its theme World Heritage and Sustainable Development: the Role of Local Communities in the Management of World Heritage, and to coordinate with the Advisory Bodies to also bring to such events relevant outputs of any further work undertaken by them;

15 Statement from the Participants: 4. We invite States Parties to the World Heritage Convention to bring the outcome and report of the workshop to the attention of UNESCO and the World Heritage Centre for further discussion and follow up in relevant fora, highlighting therein the importance of integrating human rights considerations in the implementation of the Convention, so that the objectives of conserving WH sites go hand in hand with the national and international efforts to secure human rights. Lofoten, Norway

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17 Summing up: The Hague Convention (1954) Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property,(1970) The World Heritage Convention 1972 The Nara Document on Authenticity (1994) UNESCO Declaration of Principles of Tolerance (1995) United Nations Millennium Declaration (2000) Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural expressions (2005) Council of Europe Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society (Faro 2005) Historic Urban Landscape (2010) List of WH in Danger(current) The requirement of outstanding universal value characterising cultural and natural heritage should be interpreted as an outstanding response to issues of universal nature common to or addressed by all human cultures.... In relation to culture such issues are seen in human creativity and resulting cultural diversity (Jukka Jokilehto)

18 best practice civil society good examples community at heart of heritage community rticipation culture conservation cultural dign cultural diversity cultural icon cultural respec evelopment disputes and conflicts human righ government immaterial cultural heritage indigenous people interpretation local nderstanding material cultural heritage natur conservation new paradigm power relations sustainable development urban context universality world heritage

19 Jukka Jokilehto, March 11, 2011: Linkages, Communication? Community Shared Horizon Cultural Heritage vs. Human Rights Authorities Normative Experts Information

20 RØROS MININGTOWN AND ITS CIRCUMFERENCE

21 ROCK IN ALTA

22 URNES STAVECHURCH

23 THE FJORDS OF VESTNORWAY

24 Vega archipelagos

25 VIKING HERITAGE?

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27 Maropeng, South Africa

28 Rights for Individuals from All World Cultures Norman Rockwell 1959

29 KNOWLEDGE IDENTITY HERITAGE RIGHTS TOLERANCE

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