"Champion Rough Rider of the World" Steele Denver Evening Post : December 1898 Upon his triumphal return from leading the Rough Riders in Cuba,
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2 "Champion Rough Rider of the World" Steele Denver Evening Post : December 1898 Upon his triumphal return from leading the Rough Riders in Cuba, Colonel Theodore Roosevelt was elected Governor of New York, and immediately set out to stomp corruption in the state; beginning with the taming of the powerful political tigers of Tamanny Hall.
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4 THE TED, THE TAFT AND WOODY US HISTORY 337 CHAPTERS 29&30 PROGRESSIVISM
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14 "Manhandling Colombia" Ater Colombia refused to accept T.R.'s offer to purchase the Panamanian Canal Zone, T.R. encouraged the indepedence movement in the rogue Colombian province of Panama. Later, Colombia accused the United States of stealing their territory without remuneration
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16 BIRTH OF PROGRESSIVISM 1.Progressivism goes back to the 1890 s with the Greenback Labor Party and the Populists. 2.The movement encompassed all social classes, geographic regions and ethnic backgrounds. 3. They were brought together by shared concerns on the local, state and national levels.
17 4.Most realized that America was in dire need of a new social conscience that would solve societal problems caused by post- Civil War industrialization.
18 5.Overall, the Progressives shared these dominant attitudes: a)anger (over the excesses of industrialization and urbanization). b)optimism (that humanity could improve social and economic conditions for most Americans). c)realization that a sense of community was the gluing agent of society d)commitment to action by citizens of the nation.
19 6.Historians identify three sources of the Progressive movement: a)evangelical Protestants b)natural and social scientists (who developed measures that would improve humanity) c)journalists/writers who in the process of exposing the evils of society were coined muckrakers by TR.
20 7.Progressives foresaw all levels of government taking on the role of regulator and urged the people to stand up and force election reforms.
21 8.Politics could be cleaned up by putting limits on campaign spending and implementing the initiative, the referendum, the recall, the direct primary and the election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.
22 (Much of this movement gained momentum during TR s administration and once his foreign policy cooled off, he was able to turn his attentions to the domestic front.)
23 9.He announced that there would be a Square Deal for capital, labor and the public through the three C s: Control of Corporations, Consumer Protection Conservation of Natural Resources.
24 10.TR was able to get his feet wet in 1902 during a major coal strike when he called labor and management together at the White House to settle the issue In the end, the workers gained a 10% raise and a 9- hour work day at the expense of union recognition.
25 (Once TR was elected in his own right in 1904, he was to continue his march of reform with various consumer-friendly laws. For some reason at the height of election elation in 1904, TR announced that he would not seek another term in 1908.)
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27 (So when 1908 came around, he was stuck with that pronouncement but was determined to handpick his successor) 11.TR turned to his Secretary of War- William Howard Taft-a quiet yet determined reformer.
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29 12.TR s legacy: an executive branch that was strengthened beyond any previous presidents a great boost to Progressivism and a nation very aware of its international standing
30 13.The race was between Taft and guess who (WJB) along with a third party candidate-eugene Debs-a Socialist. Taft won and lost as he had to follow in the footsteps of Teddy Roosevelt.
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33 14.Concerning foreign policy, Taft followed TR with his own brand-dollar diplomacygiving special considerations to American businesses that invested in nations that had great strategic concerns for the U.S. such as Manchuria and several countries in the Caribbean.
34 15.As a trustbuster, Taft actually out- busted TR with 90 suits filed against these mega-corporations compared to Roosevelt s Taft also took many steps to protect the nation s vast resources. (But he did not do business exactly as TR wanted.)
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36 (When 1912 rolled, the two men barely spoke any words that were civil in nature and TR vowed to beat Taft at the presidential game. )
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40 17. TR then split the Republican party with his National Progressives (Bull Moose) party. 18. The Democrats nominated Woodrow Wilson, governor of New Jersey and president of Princeton University.
41 19. The Dems New Freedom touted the glory of small businesses and a free market economy where competition was fair.
42 20.The Bull Moosers called for the New Nationalism with: consolidation of trusts & unions with regulatory agencies women s suffrage social welfare minimum wages and social insurance
43 Woodrow s Wonders 1.Wilson carried the day and his New Freedom also included reforms: anti-trust laws banking laws and tariff reduction
44 2. Anti-Trust laws- the Federal Trade Commission, the Clayton Anti-Trust Law. 3. In Banking, he pushed for the Federal Reserve Act (a Federal Reserve Board whose members were appointed by the president and a system of 12 districtseach had its own Federal Reserve Bank.)
45 4.For Tariff reduction, several laws were passed.
46 5. Wilson s foreign policy, he abolished dollar diplomacy & pushed for the Jones Act that gave the Philippines territorial status. 6. He also sent Marines to several Central American countries to quell unrest.
47 7. WWI began in 1914 and Wilson steered the nation through a troubled sea of neutrality and ran for reelection in 1916 on that- He kept us out of war. ( His opponent-charles Evan Hughes-made a very strong showing but was unable to unseat the incumbent. )
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49 (8. Up to 1914, 60% of the labor force was foreign born; over 9MM immigrants arrived in America from Most workers were working 12 hour days, seven days per week and making $12.50 per week.)
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52 (10.In 1900 the average yearly salary was $418; by 1920 it was $ By 1920, the life expectancy for women was 56, for men 54.)
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54 (12. Education was seeing major changes with children attending at earlier ages and staying enrolled for longer periods of time. Now many children were attending kindergarten.)
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