What exactly does it say? What is the law designed to do? What is the purpose (or intent) of the law?
|
|
- Archibald Lambert
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 American Law
2
3 You Be The Judge a. b. c. What exactly does it say? What is the law designed to do? What is the purpose (or intent) of the law? Need to keep in mind the LETTER and the SPIRIT (intent) of the law
4 How Did You Decide the Case? What was the reasoning behind your decisions? What were some problems you encountered in making the decisions? Does the law create more situations with problems and exceptions than having no law at all? Should Laws be written in great detail or should they be flexible to changing situations? Can they be both? How would you write the law differently? How do you think Judges interpret laws like this everyday in Court?
5 Types of Law 3 Types of Law Common Law Based on Case Law Cases are decided based on rulings have been made on similar cases previously (called precedents) Civil Law Codified Law by the Government, usually inflexible to interpretation Religious Law Religious Law Structures For example Canon Law (usually similar to Civil Law)
6 Civil Law EVERYTHING BY THE BOOK! Civil Law any court case must involve a law or statute that is written down and explicitly outlined in the law books! Advantages: the law is clear and it eliminates a lot of grey area in terms of what the outcome should be Disadvantages: New situations that don t fall within existing statutes or laws are difficult to bring to court Louisiana is only US state to use civil law
7 Common Law case law and precedent! Common Law there may be written laws, but interpretation of laws and disputes that are not covered by existing laws can still be tried in court. Precedent, or prior cases that are similar, generally guide the decision for a case, although Precedent can change over time. Advantages allows situations that may be new or not covered by written law to still go to court. Disadvantages outcomes can be hard to predict and can change over time. Every US state besides Louisiana uses common law, the federal court system also uses common law procedures.
8 Origins of Common Law Common Law was adopted by US federal and state courts, directly descended from English Common Law system that existed in colonies Common Law can be traced back to feudalism Allows the judge some flexibility in how a law should be interpreted or understood If a law does exist that applies to the case in question, judge must interpret this law to decide outcome of case
9 Precedent Precedent - an earlier event, court ruling, or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances. What are some examples of when you have used a precedent to help guide you? How do we use Precedents everyday in our own lives in order to survive and thrive?
10 Types of Trials Two Basic Types of Trials Criminal Trial considered an offense against society at large (varies in severity -- summary, misdemeanor, or felony), and consequences will involve a criminal punishment such as jail time or a fine Criminal Act = Considered an offense against the community Juvenile Court criminal trials for those 17 or younger Traffic Court - criminal trials but very low level consequences at stake Civil Trial An individual dispute between two independent people or organizations, it is a trial over someone who feels they have been wronged by another and is trying to seek payment or an order to stop harm in some way Small Claims Court involves small amounts of money that is owed
11 Types of Criminal Charges Petty Offenses/Summary Offenses very low level offenses, such as a traffic violation, parking ticket, or breaking a city/town ordinance or code usually punishment involves a small fine Misdemeanor Middle level offenses, usually not serious enough to be a felony but not small enough to be a summary offense for example, simple theft or vandalism might be considered a misdemeanor Usually punishment involves a large fine or small amount of jail time/probation Felony High level offenses, very serious, could include murder, kidnapping, rape, and drug trafficking Punishment could include a large fine and significant jail time
12 The US Court Structure Article III of the Constitution addresses the Judicial Branch Outlines the Supreme Court but leaves the rest of the Federal Court Design is up to Congress States are responsible for creating their own state court system
13 Article III Section I The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.
14 Jurisdiction The Constitution allows Federal Courts to hear cases (aka have jurisdiction) on the following types of issues Any Federal Law US Constitution Disputes between 2 or more states Disputes between citizens of two different states Disputes with foreign countries or people Maritime disputes (in US waters)
15 Appeal What does it mean to appeal a case? This means to challenge the outcome of a case in a different (usually higher ranking) court The Supreme Court is mainly an Appellate Court The Supreme Court is given Appellate Jurisdiction This means that it will only hear cases that have already been tried in a lower court beforehand Almost all federal court cases will start in a lower court UNLESS it involves a foreign entity or a lawsuit between two states
16 US Court Structure Congress has created the following court system District Courts exist in each state, lowest level federal courts Circuit Courts exist by region, middle level federal courts Supreme Court highest federal court, has the final say on a case
17 District Courts Funnel Analogy Circuit Courts Think of the US Court System and State Court systems as a funnel Cases start at the lower courts, there are thousands of cases! Only some of these cases are able to be appealed to the middle level courts Very few cases, only about 100 of 1,000 s of cases, make it to the Supreme Court Once an appeal is not accepted by a higher court, then the decision of the current court becomes final Supreme Court
18
19
20 The Supreme Court Court System based on idea of Common Law Supreme Court cases will hold the most weight with final jurisdiction Their decisions become case law for the rest of the nation s courts to follow Writ of Certiorari a formal request for a case to be heard by the Supreme Court Supreme Court makes the decision if they want to hear a case The Supreme Court receives approximately 7,000 requests a year Typically the Supreme Court hears about cases a year The Supreme Court will usually try to hear high profile cases that will set case law for similar cases in the future
21 Supreme Court Structure Supreme Court is made up of 9 Justices 1 Chief Justice and 8 Associate Justices Justices are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate Justices may serve for life and salary cannot be decreased This keeps the Courts independent of the other branches of government Justices take a vote on the outcome of the case, with the majority of votes determining the final outcome (in a tie the lower court decision is upheld) The Reasoning for the outcome is called the majority opinion In some cases justices may release a concurring opinion which provides different reasoning from the majority but still agrees with the overall outcome of the case The Reasoning why other justices voted against the outcome is called the dissenting opinion
22 Pennsylvania Court Structure Minor Courts Philadelphia and Pittsburgh Municipal Courts Magisterial District Courts Judges do not need to be a lawyer, but need to pass qualifying exam for certification Hearings for minor violations and traffic violations Preliminary Hearings for most types of criminal cases (determine if case will go forward for trail at the Court of Common Pleas level and set bail) Link to PA Court System Page
23
24 Courts of Common Pleas General Trial Courts of PA 60 Courts across PA, most are organized by county Hear appeals from minor courts Hear matters involving children and families Hear criminal cases and civil cases
25 PA Superior Court Intermediate Appellate Court usually only hears appeals for civil and criminal cases from the Court of Common Pleas Usually heard by panels of 3 judges in Philadephia, Harrisburg, or Pittsburgh or may travel to certain area of the state
26 Commonwealth Court Intermediate Appellate Court same level as the Superior Court Specifically hears appeals of civil cases that involve local governments or PA regulatory agencies Also has original jurisdiction over any civil case filed against, or involving, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
27 Pennsylvania Supreme Court Appeals from the Superior or Commonwealth Courts Direct Appeals from Court of Common Pleas, including when death sentence is issued (automatically appealed) 7 Justices hear the case
28
29 Judicial Review Judicial Review was established in the landmark Supreme Court case, Marbury vs. Madison William Marbury sued for the right to be a federal judge as he was appointed by Adams and confirmed, but never received his commission before Jefferson was sworn in Madison, new secretary of secretary of state, refused to deliver the commission William Marbury sued Madison in the Supreme Court based on Judiciary Act of 1789 Marbury loses case because the Court decided that the Judiciary Act of 1789 violated the Constitution (or was unconstitutional) because it gave the Supreme Court original jurisdiction where it shouldn t This established the Supreme Court s power of Judicial Review, where it can determine if a law violates the Constitution or not, and gives the courts the power to declare a law unconstitutional (this power continues to this day)
30 Interpreting the Law Society s Influence All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Landmark Supreme Court Cases interpret 14 th Amendment Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896 Separate but Equal segregation constitutional Brown vs. Board of Education 1954 Separate is Inherently Unequal segregation unconstitutional Why is the ruling different over the course of 60 years? What precedents did the courts set?
31 Other Terms to Know Injunction An order or demand from a Court, usually made as a restraining order or an order to cease/halt a planned action Temporary Injunction can be given before trial temporarily until trial is completed and outcome decided Permanent Injunction can be given after a trial, permanently exists after trial is completed Restraining Order type of injunction that does not allow someone near another
32 You ve Been Served! Subpoenas An order to appear in court, or an order for certain evidence to be handed over to court or court authorities A subpoena is a legal order and YOU MUST COMPLY with it, otherwise you risk imprisonment/fines for contempt of court A subpoena must be served to you by being delivered to you in person, sent to your last known address, called into you, or e- mailed. Receiving a subpoena is called being served
33
34
35
The Judicial Branch. Three Levels of Courts in the U.S.
The Judicial Branch Three Levels of Courts in the U.S. The Motto Written on the front of the Supreme Court is the motto, Equal Justice Under Law What do courts do? Use different kinds of law to settle
More informationChapter 18 The Judicial Branch
Chapter 18 The Judicial Branch Creation of a National Judiciary The Framers created the national judiciary in Article III of the Constitution. There are two court systems in the United States: the national
More informationChapter 11 and 12 - The Federal Court System
Chapter 11 and 12 - The Federal Court System SSCG16 The student will demonstrate knowledge of the operation of the federal judiciary. Powers of the Federal Courts Federal courts are generally created by
More informationJudicial Branch. Why this is important What do I do if I m arrested? What are my rights? What happens in court?
Judicial Branch Why this is important What do I do if I m arrested? What are my rights? What happens in court? What could happen if I am found guilty? What do I do if I think my rights are being violated?
More informationUnited States Judicial Branch
United States Judicial Branch Role of the Courts Resolving disputes Setting precedents Interpreting the law Strict or loose constructionists Jurisdiction -right to try and decide a case. Exclusive jurisdiction
More informationSTUDY GUIDE Three Branches Test
STUDY GUIDE Three Branches Test NAME (Remember to review your notes and class materials as well as this guide.) 1 Circle, highlight, check, or underline the correct answers, or fill in the blanks. 1. The
More informationSS.7.C.3.3 and SS.7.C.3.8 Judicial Branch: Article III
SS.7.C.3.3 and SS.7.C.3.8 Judicial Branch: Article III ****At the end of this lesson, I will be able to do the following: recognize the structure of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. compare
More informationCHAPTER 3. Court Systems. 3-1 Forms of Dispute Resolution 3-2 The Federal Court System 3-3 State Court Systems
CHAPTER 3 Court Systems 3-1 Forms of Dispute Resolution 3-2 The Federal Court System 3-3 State Court Systems 3-1 Forms of Dispute Resolution GOALS Explain how disputes can be settled without going to court
More informationTerms to Know. In the first column, answer the questions based on what you know before you study. After this lesson, complete the last column.
Lesson 1: Federal Courts ESSENTIAL QUESTION How can governments ensure citizens are treated fairly? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. What is the role of the federal courts? 2. What kinds of cases are heard in federal
More informationChapter 10: The Judiciary
Chapter 10: The Judiciary Constitution and Creation of the Federal Judiciary Read Article III and answer: Discuss justices/judges: terms, appointments, remuneration What powers and jurisdiction does the
More informationHUMAN RIGHTS AND THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION
HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION PROFESSOR DELAINE R. SWENSON CLASS MATERIALS n Pracownik.kul.pl/dswenson/dydaktyka 1 The use of Precedent in the United States Source of law Written sources are
More informationGood Morning Finance 270. Finance 270 Summer The Legal & Regulatory Environment of Business
Good Morning The Legal & Regulatory Environment of Business I. The Court System The Parties Involved Judges, Magistrates, & Justices Jurors Lawyers Litigants A. Judges, Magistrates, & Justices Trial Judges
More informationStudent Name: Civics 3 rd Quarter Civics Study Guide
Civics 3 rd Quarter Civics Study Guide Page 1 Student Name: Civics 3 rd Quarter Civics Study Guide Date: In completing this study guide, you will need to draw on your knowledge from throughout the 3 rd
More informationDirections: Read each of the questions or statements below, then choose the correct answer from those provided.
Pre Test: Organization of the Federal Courts Name: Directions: Read each of the questions or statements below, then choose the correct answer from those provided. 1. Name the system of government in which
More informationTitle 210 APPELLATE PROCEDURE. Title 234 RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
Title 210 APPELLATE PROCEDURE PART I. RULES OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE [ 210 PA. CODE CH. 17 ] Amending Rule 1736 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure; No. 214 Appellate Procedural Rules Doc. THE COURTS While
More informationMagruder s American Government
Presentation Pro Magruder s American Government C H A P T E R 18 The Federal Court System 2001 by Prentice Hall, Inc. C H A P T E R 18 The Federal Court System SECTION 1 The National Judiciary SECTION
More informationThe Courts CHAPTER. Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, 7E by Frank Schmalleger
CHAPTER 7 The Courts 1 America s Dual Court System The United States has courts on both the federal and state levels. This dual system reflects the state s need to retain judicial autonomy separate from
More informationCreation. Article III. Dual Courts. Supreme Court Congress may create inferior courts. Federal State
The Federal Courts Creation Article III Supreme Court Congress may create inferior courts Dual Courts Federal State Federal Courts Underneath Supreme Court Two Types Constitutional exercise judicial power
More informationlaws created by legislative bodies.
THE AP AMERICAN GOVERNMENT STUDY GUIDE CLASSIFICATION OF LEGAL ISSUES TYPE OF CASE CIVIL CASES CRIMINAL CASES covers issues of claims, suits, contracts, and licenses. covers illegal actions or wrongful
More informationBackground Summary and Questions
Background Summary and Questions In 1890, Louisiana passed a statute called the "Separate Car Act", which stated "that all railway companies carrying passengers in their coaches in this state, shall provide
More informationFull file at
EXAM QUESTIONS FOR CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM TRUE/FALSE 1. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is located within the U.S. Department of Justice. REF: 27 2. The governmental
More informationCourts, Judges, and the Law
CHAPTER 13 Courts, Judges, and the Law CHAPTER OUTLINE I. The Origins and Types of American Law II. The Structure of the Court Systems III. The Federal and State Court Systems A. Lower Courts B. The Supreme
More informationREPORTING CATEGORY 2: ROLES, RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES OF CITIZENS
REPORTING CATEGORY 2: ROLES, RIGHTS & RESPONSIBILITIES OF CITIZENS SS.7.C.2.1: Define the term "citizen," and identify legal means of becoming a United States citizen. Citizen: a native or naturalized
More informationChapter 6 Study Guide
Chapter 6 Study Guide Question 1 2.5 / 2.5 points An example of a limited-jurisdiction trial court is: A) Juvenile court. B) Probate court. C) Both of the above. Question 2 All of the following courts
More informationStandards. SSCG21 The student will describe the causes and effects of criminal activity.
Criminal Activity Standards SSCG21 The student will describe the causes and effects of criminal activity. Examine the nature and causes of crimes. Explain the effects criminal acts have on their intended
More informationGovernment Final Exam Study Guide
Mrs. Toxqui Government Government Final Exam Study Guide Assigned: Due: Part 1: Articles of the Constitution Directions: Write the name of the branch that gets its power from the corresponding article
More informationJUDICIAL REVIEW. In Marbury v. Madison (1803), arguably the most significant case in American constitutional law, the U.S. Supreme Court opined:
JUDICIAL REVIEW Judicial Review: The process by which a court decides the constitutionality of legislative enactments and actions by the executive branch. While the U.S. Constitution makes no mention of
More informationJurisdiction. Appointed by the President with the Advice and Consent of the Senate according to Article II, Section 2
The Judicial Branch Jurisdiction Federal Courts Article III, Section 1 vests judicial power in the Supreme Court and other inferior courts created by Congress Judges serve during good Behavior Appointed
More informationGeneral District Courts
General District Courts To Understand Your Visit to Court You Should Know: It is the courts wish that you know your rights and duties. We want every person who comes here to receive fair treatment in accordance
More informationChapter 4. Criminal Law and Procedure
Chapter 4 Criminal Law and Procedure Section 1 Criminal Law GOALS Understand the 3 elements that make up a criminal act Classify crimes according to the severity of their potential sentences Identify the
More informationJudicial Branch. SS.7.c.3.11 Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels.
Judicial Branch SS.7.c.3.11 Diagram the levels, functions, and powers of courts at the state and federal levels. U.S. Supreme Court Judicial branch of our federal government is in charge of resolving disputes
More informationCivil vs Criminal Cases
Chapter Objectives Describe the state court system and its politics Analyze sources and consequences of the power of the federal judiciary and compare/contrast approaches to constitutional interpretation
More informationPolitical Science 417. Judicial Structure. Article III. Judicial Structure January 22, Structural "Imperatives" ("subcultures") Legal Imperative
Political Science 417 Judicial Structure Structural "Imperatives" ("subcultures") Legal Imperative Democratic Imperative Administrative Imperative Article III SECTION 1 The judicial Power of the Unites
More informationWarm Up: Review Activity Declare your Powers
Mr. Cegielski S E C T I O N 1 The National Judiciary ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: Why did the Constitution create a national judiciary? What is the structure of the national judiciary? What criteria are used to
More informationThe Judicial Branch. SSCG4 The Students will analyze the role of the Judicial Branch in Georgia government. (a, b, c, d)
The Judicial Branch SSCG4 The Students will analyze the role of the Judicial Branch in Georgia government. (a, b, c, d) SSCG6 The student will explain how the Georgia court system treats juvenile offenders.
More informationSemester 2 CIVICS: What You Will Need to Know! The U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution The Seven Articles (LEJ RASR) Article I The Legislative Branch o Makes the Laws o Includes a Bicameral Congress with a Senate and House of Representatives Article II The Executive
More informationCHAPTER 12 Federal Courts
CHAPTER 12 Federal Courts OUTLINE The Role of the Courts Settling Disputes Judicial Policymaking Political History of the Supreme Court The Federal Court System District Courts Courts of Appeal Supreme
More informationRULE 140. CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS BEFORE MAGISTERIAL DISTRICT JUDGES AND PITTSBURGH MAGISTRATES COURT JUDGES[, AND PHILADELPHIA TRAFFIC COURT JUDGES].
RULE 140. CONTEMPT PROCEEDINGS BEFORE MAGISTERIAL DISTRICT JUDGES AND PITTSBURGH MAGISTRATES COURT JUDGES[, AND PHILADELPHIA TRAFFIC COURT JUDGES]. (A) CONTEMPT IN THE PRESENCE OF THE COURT [1.] (1) An
More informationYou know the legislative branch
You know the legislative branch and the executive branch but you don t know The Judicial Branch!!! Laws are a dead letter without courts to expound and define their true meaning and operation Alexander
More informationJudicial Branch 11/11 11/14
Judicial Branch { 11/11 11/14 What Supreme Court case desegregated American schools by striking down the separate, but equal doctrine? Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Warmup Warmup Supreme Court PPT
More informationPrimary Goal of the Legal System
The Judicial Branch Primary Goal of the Legal System The goal of the legal system is equal justice under the law This goal can be difficult to achieve. Why is the goal of equal justice under the law difficult
More informationTest Bank for Criminal Evidence 8th Edition by Hails
Test Bank for Criminal Evidence 8th Edition by Hails Link full download of Test Bank: https://digitalcontentmarket.org/download/test-bank-forcriminal-evidence-8th-edition-by-hails/ CHAPTER 2: The Role
More informationJudicial Review. The Supreme Court (and courts in general) are considered the final arbiters of all questions of Constitutional Law.
Judicial Review The Supreme Court (and courts in general) are considered the final arbiters of all questions of Constitutional Law. Federalist Paper 78: If it be said that the legislative body are themselves
More informationAn Introduction to North Carolina s Judicial Branch
An Introduction to North Carolina s Judicial Branch To view this PDF as a projectable presentation, save the file, click View in the top menu bar of the file, and select Full Screen Mode To request an
More informationSUPCR 1104 FOR COURT USE ONLY SUPERIOR COURT OF CALIFORNIA, COUNTY OF SANTA CRUZ DUI ADVISEMENT OF RIGHTS, WAIVER, AND PLEA FORM. (Vehicle Code 23152)
ATTORNEY OR PARTY WITHOUT ATTORNEY (Name, State Bar number, and address): SUPCR 1104 FOR COURT USE ONLY TELEPHONE NO: E-MAIL ADDRESS (Optional): ATTORNEY FOR (Name): FAX NO. (Optional) SUPERIOR COURT OF
More informationUnit 3 Branches & Levels of Gov t
Unit 3 Branches & Levels of Gov t Objective 1 Analyze the structure and powers of the federal executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Objective 2 Compare and contrast branches of government at the
More informationChapter 3: The Constitution
Chapter 3: The Constitution United States Government Week on October 2, 2017 The Constitution: Structure Pictured: James Madison Structure Preamble: introduction that states why the Constitution was written
More informationSUPCR 1106 FOR COURT USE ONLY
ATTORNEY OR PARTY WITHOUT ATTORNEY (Name, State Bar number, and address): SUPCR 1106 FOR COURT USE ONLY TELEPHONE NO: E-MAIL ADDRESS (Optional): ATTORNEY FOR (Name): FAX NO. (Optional) SUPERIOR COURT OF
More informationTopic 7 The Judicial Branch. Section One The National Judiciary
Topic 7 The Judicial Branch Section One The National Judiciary Under the Articles of Confederation Under the Articles of Confederation, there was no national judiciary. All courts were State courts Under
More informationTITLE 204. JUDICIAL SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS PART II. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 29. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Subchapter K. COSTS, FINES AND FEES
29.401. Scope TITLE 204. JUDICIAL SYSTEM GENERAL PROVISIONS PART II. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 29. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Subchapter K. COSTS, FINES AND FEES The Pennsylvania Supreme Court, pursuant
More information1. Which Article of the Constitution created the federal judiciary?
9 The Judiciary Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Which Article of the Constitution created the federal judiciary? a. Article III b. Article II c. Article VI d. Article I e. Article IX 2. According to Article
More informationCHAPTER 18:3 Supreme Court
CHAPTER 18:3 Supreme Court Chapter 18:3 o We will examine the reasons why the Supreme Court is often called the higher court. o We will examine why judicial review is a key feature in the American System
More informationTRANSCRIPT Protecting Our Judiciary: What Judges Do and Why it Matters
TRANSCRIPT Protecting Our Judiciary: What Judges Do and Why it Matters Slide 1 Thank you for joining us for Protecting Our Judiciary: What Judges Do and Why it Matters. Protecting fair, impartial courts
More informationTITLE 6 - COURTS CHAPTER 1 - COURTS AND PROCEDURES
TITLE 6 - COURTS CHAPTER 1 - COURTS AND PROCEDURES Legislative History: Tohono O odham Code Title 6, Chapter 1, Courts and Procedures was passed by the Legislative Council on December 5, 2008 pursuant
More informationYour Guide to. in South Carolina. Issued: August 2013 Revised: July 2016
Your Guide to EXPUNGEMENT in South Carolina Issued: August 2013 Revised: July 2016 Provided by: The SC Center for Fathers and Families is funded in part by: Table of Contents Step 1: What is expungement?
More informationLegal Definitions: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A
Legal Definitions: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Acquittal a decision of not guilty. Advisement a court hearing held before a judge to inform the defendant about the charges against
More informationAn Independent Judiciary
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION Bill of Rights in Action Spring 1998 (14:2) An Independent Judiciary One hundred years ago, a spirit of reform swept America. Led by the progressives, people who believed
More informationName: Pd: Regarding Unit 6 material, from College Board:
Name: Pd: AP Government Unit 6 (Ch. 4, and 5) Study Guide 15-30% of course material and May 10, 2016 AP Exam Mastery Questions and Practice FRQs Due on Tuesday 4/26/2016 Regarding Unit 6 material, from
More informationThe Federal Courts. Chapter 16
The Federal Courts Chapter 16 3 HISTORICAL ERAS OF INFLUENCE 1787-1865 Political Nation building (legitimacy of govt.) Slavery 1865-1937 Economic Govt. roll in economy Great Depression 1937-Present Ideological
More informationMarbury vs. Madison 1803
Supreme Court Cases Marbury vs. Madison 1803 Established the power of Judicial Review Declared part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional,, because it gave the Supreme Court original jurisdiction
More informationBench or Court Trial: A trial that takes place in front of a judge with no jury present.
GLOSSARY Adversarial System: A justice system in which the defendant is presumed innocent and both sides may present competing views of the evidence (as opposed to an inquisitorial system where the state
More informationThe Supreme Court The Judicial Branch
The Supreme Court The Judicial Branch Judicial Branch Interprets the laws! What does that mean? Courts Apply the law to specific cases/situations Decisions: What does the law mean? Is it constitutional
More informationThe Judicial System (cont d)
The Judicial System (cont d) Alexander Hamilton in Federalist #78: Executive: Holds the sword of the community as commander-in-chief. Congress appropriates money ( commands the purse ) and decides the
More informationHOW DO THE FIFTH, SIXTH, AND EIGHTH AMENDMENTS PROTECT RIGHTS WITHIN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM?
32 HOW DO THE FIFTH, SIXTH, AND EIGHTH AMENDMENTS PROTECT RIGHTS WITHIN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM? LESSON PURPOSE Four of the first eight amendments in the Bill of Rights address the rights of criminal defendants.
More information5. SUPREME COURT HAS BOTH ORIGINAL AND APPELLATE JURISDICTION
Civil Liberties and Civil Rights Chapters 18-19-20-21 Chapter 18: Federal Court System 1. Section 1 National Judiciary 1. Supreme Court highest court in the land 2. Inferior (lower) courts: i. District
More informationChapter 14: The Judiciary Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice 1. In the context of Supreme Court conferences, which of the following statements is true of a dissenting opinion? a. It can be written by one or more justices. b. It refers to the opinion
More informationThe Judicial Branch. CP Political Systems
The Judicial Branch CP Political Systems Standards Content Standard 4: The student will examine the United States Constitution by comparing the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government
More informationCOURT STRUCTURE OF TEXAS
COURT STRUCTURE OF TEXAS SEPTEMBER 1, 2008 Supreme Court (1 Court -- 9 Justices) -- Statewide Jurisdiction -- Final appellate jurisdiction in civil cases and juvenile cases. Court of Criminal Appeals (1
More informationLaw Related Education
Law Related Education Copyright 2006 by the Kansas Bar Association. Revised 2016. All rights reserved. No use is permitted which will infringe on the copyright w ithout the express written consent of the
More informationCRIMINAL LAW JURISDICTION, PROCEDURE, AND THE COURTS. February 2017
CRIMINAL LAW JURISDICTION, PROCEDURE, AND THE COURTS February 2017 Prepared for the Supreme Court of Nevada by Ben Graham Governmental Advisor to the Judiciary Administrative Office of the Courts 775-684-1719
More informationMarbury v. Madison (1803)
Court Decisions Marbury v. Madison (1803) Background:Outgoing President John Adams appoints several judges the night before leaving office. Incoming President Thomas Jefferson is angered by the appointments
More informationacquittal: Judgment that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
GlosaryofLegalTerms acquittal: Judgment that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making
More informationTITLE 234 RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
TITLE 234 RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE Editorial Note Under the Commonwealth Documents Law the text of documents published in this title acquires no special status by reason of such publication. For the
More informationD1 Constitution. Revised. The Constitution (1787) Timeline 2/28/ Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation (in force 1781)
Revised D1 Constitution Timeline 1776 Declaration of Independence 1777 Articles of Confederation (in force 1781) 1789 United States Constitution (replacing the Articles of Confederation) The Constitution
More informationState Issue 1 The Neighborhood Safety, Drug Treatment, and Rehabilitation Amendment
TO: FROM: RE: Members of the Commission and Advisory Committee Sara Andrews, Director State Issue 1 The Neighborhood Safety, Drug Treatment, and Rehabilitation Amendment DATE: September 27, 2018 The purpose
More informationLandmark Supreme Court Cases
Landmark Supreme Court Cases Learning Target: JB 5.1 I can demonstrate or explain how Landmark Supreme Court Cases have been defined and interpreted rights over time. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) Right
More informationUnit 4C STUDY GUIDE. The Judiciary. Use the Constitution to answer questions #1-9. Unless noted, all questions are based on Article III.
Unit 4C STUDY GUIDE The Judiciary Use the Constitution to answer questions #1-9. Unless noted, all questions are based on Article III. 1. What power is vested in the courts? 2. The shall extend to all
More informationStructure of the Criminal Justice System. Developed by Jo Ann Grode 2004
Structure of the Criminal Justice System Developed by Jo Ann Grode 2004 Sources of Law U.S. Constitution (includes Bill of Rights) U.S. Supreme Court decisions U.S. Code (federal laws) Wisconsin Constitution
More informationThe Federal Government; Chapter 4, Section 2
The Federal Government; Chapter 4, Section 2 Political ideas and major events shape how people form governments. The Constitution provided for a United States government that was set up as the three equal
More informationMBE Constitutional Law Sample
MBE Constitutional Law Sample Approximately 50% of the Constitutional Law questions for each MBE will be based on Individual Rights such as due process, equal protections, and state action. "State Action"
More informationPlease note: Each segment in this Webisode has its own Teaching Guide
Please note: Each segment in this Webisode has its own Teaching Guide When George Washington took the oath of office as president, he presided over a government with no political parties. By the time he
More informationAMERICAN SUPREME COURT AND JUDICIAL REVIEW
AMERICAN SUPREME COURT AND JUDICIAL REVIEW INTRODUCTION The judicial branch of the government interprets and applies the law in a fair and impartial manner. It administers justice. The judicial branch
More informationCONSTITUTION of the COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
CONSTITUTION of the COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA Article Preamble I. Declaration of Rights II. The Legislature III. Legislation IV. The Executive V. The Judiciary Schedule to Judiciary Article VI. Public
More informationConnecticut s Courts
Connecticut s Courts The Judicial power of the state shall be vested in a supreme court, an appellate court, a superior court, and such lower courts as the general assembly shall, from time to time, ordain
More informationTexas Law & Due Process (Chapter 10) Dr. Michael Sullivan. Texas State Government GOVT
Texas Law & Due Process (Chapter 10) Dr. Michael Sullivan Texas State Government GOVT 2306 192 AGENDA 1. Current Events 2. Due Process of Law 2018 Elections: General Land Office https://www.facebook.com/pg/miguelsuazo
More informationThe court process CONSUMER GUIDE. How the criminal justice system works. FROM ATTORNEY GENERAL JEREMIAH W. (JAY) NIXON
The court process How the criminal justice system works. CONSUMER GUIDE FROM ATTORNEY GENERAL JEREMIAH W. (JAY) NIXON Inside The process Arrest and complaint Preliminary hearing Grand jury Arraignment
More informationTHE JUDICIAL BRANCH. Article III. The Role of the Federal Court
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH Section I Courts, Term of Office Section II Jurisdiction o Scope of Judicial Power o Supreme Court o Trial by Jury Section III Treason o Definition Punishment Article III The Role of
More informationCHAPTER 10. RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE FOR THE PHILADELPHIA MUNICIPAL COURT AND THE PHILADELPHIA MUNICIPAL COURT TRAFFIC DIVISION
PHILADELPHIA MUNICIPAL COURT 234 Rule 1000 CHAPTER 10. RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE FOR THE PHILADELPHIA MUNICIPAL COURT AND THE PHILADELPHIA MUNICIPAL COURT TRAFFIC DIVISION Rule 1000. Scope of Rules.
More informationGlossary of Criminal Justice Sentencing Terms
Please see the Commission s Sentencing Guidelines Implementation Manual for additional detailed information. Concurrent or Consecutive Sentences When more than one sentence is imposed, or when a sentence
More informationCONSTITUTIONAL LAW. Professor Ronald Turner A.A. White Professor of Law Fall 2018
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Professor Ronald Turner A.A. White Professor of Law Fall 2018 The United States Constitution Article I: All legislative powers shall be vested in a Congress of the United States... Article
More informationThe Courts. Chapter 15
The Courts Chapter 15 The Nature of the Judicial System Introduction: Two types of cases: Criminal Law: The government charges an individual with violating one or more specific laws. Civil Law: The court
More informationThe Relationship between Britain and its American Colonies Changes
Packet 3: Page 1 The Relationship between Britain and its American Colonies Changes What were the differing interests of the colonial regions? How and why did the relationship between Britain and the colonies
More informationChapter Outline and Learning Objectives. Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives. Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives
Chapter 16: The Federal Courts The Nature of the Judicial The Politics of Judicial Selection The Backgrounds of Judges and Justices The Courts as Policymakers The Courts and Public Policy: An Understanding
More informationA QUICK GUIDE TO THE COURT
THE 26TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF NORTH CAROLINA A QUICK GUIDE TO THE COURT The Trial Court Administrator s Office T H E 2 6 T H J U D I C I A L D I S T R I C T O F N O R T H C A R O L I N A Mecklenburg County
More informationCivil Rights and Civil Liberties
Civil Rights and Civil Liberties Examples of Civil Liberties v. Civil Rights Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Right to peacefully assemble Right to a fair trial A person is denied a promotion because
More informationCourt Records Glossary
Court Records Glossary Documents Affidavit Answer Appeal Brief Case File Complaint Deposition Docket Indictment Interrogatories Injunction Judgment Opinion Pleadings Praecipe A written or printed statement
More informationChapter 4-1 Criminal Law
Chapter 4-1 Criminal Law Crime A punishable offense against society Before anyone can be convicted of a crime, three elements usually must be proved at trial. 3 Elements of a crime: 1. A duty to do or
More informationEffective of Responsive Verdict Statute - Indictments - Former Jeopardy
Louisiana Law Review Volume 11 Number 4 May 1951 Effective of Responsive Verdict Statute - Indictments - Former Jeopardy Winfred G. Boriack Repository Citation Winfred G. Boriack, Effective of Responsive
More informationChapter 8 - Judiciary. AP Government
Chapter 8 - Judiciary AP Government The Structure of the Judiciary A complex set of institutional courts and regular processes has been established to handle laws in the American system of government.
More informationTerrill: World Criminal Justice Systems, 8th Edition
Terrill: World Criminal Justice Systems, 8th Edition Chapter 2 Multiple Choice 1. The French Constitution contains a Bill of Rights. 2. The president of France is limited to two consecutive terms in office.
More information