CRIME SCENARIO IN INDIA

Transcription

1 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT PARLIAMENT LIBRARY AND REFERENCE, RESEARCH, DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SERVICE (LARRDIS) MEMBERS REFERENCE SERVICE REFERENCE NOTE. No. 1 /RN/Ref./February /215 For the use of Members of Parliament Not for Publication CRIME SCENARIO IN INDIA The reference material is for personal use of the Members in the discharge of their Parliamentary duties, and is not for publication. This Service is not to be quoted as the source of the information as it is based on the sources indicated at the end/in the text. This Service does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or veracity of the information or views contained in the note/collection.

2 CRIME SCENARIO IN INDIA INTRODUCTION India is a Union of States and is governed by a written Constitution which was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January It consists of 29 States and 7 union Territories 2. Due to its colonial heritage, India follows the Anglo-Saxon common law system. Article 14 of the Constitution provides for equality before the law. Article 21 guarantees protection of life and personal liberty. Article 2 provides protection against double jeopardy Article 39-A mandates the State to secure equal justice for all. Article 5 provides for separation of the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State 3. Police and Public Order are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India and therefore, the State Governments are primarily responsible for prevention, detection, registration and investigation of crime and for prosecuting the criminals 4. CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMES The Criminal Procedure Code (Cr.P.C.) classifies all the crimes into two categories: (i) Cognizable - Sec.2(c) Cr.P.C. and (ii) Non-cognizable - Sec.2(l) Cr.P.C. Cognizable Crimes A Cognizable offence or case is defined as the one which an officer in-charge of a police station may investigate without the order of a magistrate and effect arrest without warrant. The Police have a direct responsibility to take immediate action on the receipt of a complaint or of credible information in such crimes, visit the scene of the crime, investigate the facts, apprehend the offender and arraign him before a Court of law having jurisdiction over the matter. Cognizable crimes are broadly categorised as those falling either under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) or under the Special and Local Laws (SLL) 5. As many as 66,4,378 Cognizable crimes were reported in the country during 213 comprising 26.5 lakh cases registered under the IPC and 39.9 lakh cases registered under Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, (26), Vista International Publishing House, Delhi, p.1 4 Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No.3211 dated India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p.15

3 2 the SLL. The ratio of IPC to SLL crimes varied from 1:2.2 in 23 to 1:1.5 in 213. In terms of percentage, 6.1 per cent of total cases (IPC + SLL) during 213 were reported under Special and Local Laws and rest of the cases (39.9%) under the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Incidents of Cognizable crimes in the country during the decade from 23 to are given at Annexure -I. Non-Cognizable Crimes Non-Cognizable crimes are defined as those which cannot be investigated by police without the order of a competent magistrate. The Police do not initiate investigation in Non- Cognizable crimes except with magisterial permission. First Schedule of the Cr.P.C. gives the classification of the offences of the IPC into Cognizable and Non-Cognizable categories 7. Various crimes that are being registered and investigated by different law enforcement agencies are broadly grouped under the following categories for statistical information system. Broad classification of crimes under the Indian Penal Code (IPC) i) Crimes against body: Murder, Attempt to commit murder, Culpable homicide not amounting to murder, Kidnapping & Abduction, Hurt, Causing death by negligence; ii) Crimes against property: Dacoity, Preparation and assembly to commit Dacoity, Robbery, Burglary and Theft; iii) Crimes against public order: Riots and Arson; iv) Economic crimes: Criminal breach of trust, Cheating & Counterfeiting; v) Crimes against women: Rape, Dowry death, Cruelty by husband or his relatives, Assault on woman with intent to outrage her modesty, Insult to the modesty of women and Importation of girls from foreign country; vi) Crimes against children: Child rape, Kidnapping & Abduction of children, Procuration of minor girls, Selling and Buying of girls for prostitution, Abetment of suicide, Exposure & Abandonment, Infanticide and foeticide; vii) Other IPC crimes 8. The detailed data of Cognizable Crimes (IPC) State-wise and Crime Head-wise is given at Annexure- II and II-A). 6 Ibid, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, pp.17 & 23 7 Ibid, p.15 8 Op.cit, Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, p.6

4 3 Crimes under the Special and Local Laws (SLL) i) Arms Act, 1959; ii) Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985; iii) Gambling Act, 1867; iv) Excise Act, 1944; v) Prohibition Act; vi) Explosives & Explosive Substances Act, 1884 & 198; vii) Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956; viii) Indian Railways Act, 1989; ix) The Foreigners Act, 1946; x) Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955; xi) Indian Passport Act, 1967; xii) Essential Commodities Act, 1955; xiii) Antiquities & Art Treasures Act, 1972; xiv) Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961; xv) Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 26; xvi) Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986; xvii) Copyright Act, 1957; xviii) Commission of Sati Prevention Act, 1987; xix) SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989; xx) Forest Act, 1927; xxi) Other crimes (not specified above) under Special and Local Laws including Cyber Laws under Information Technology Act, 2 9. The detailed data of Cognizable Crimes (SLL) State-wise and Crime Head-wise is given at Annexure- III and III-A. CRIME INCIDENCES (IPC + SLL) (Incidences: 66,4,378) Total incidences of crime gives an absolute picture of the crime situation in the country or the States/UTs. Comparative figures over a period of time indicate an increase or decrease of the incidences of crime, requiring appropriate crime control efforts by the State Police. 9 Ibid, Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, pp.6 & 7

5 4 The incidents of IPC crimes during 213 reported a higher growth of 54.3 per cent as compared to 15. per cent population growth during the decade (23-213) 1. Details are given at Annexure- II and II-A and III and III-A. CRIME RATE (IPC + SLL) (Crime rate: 54.4) Population is one of the important factors influencing incidences of crime. A number of socio-economic factors, besides population, could influence the crime situation at a particular place. The present analysis of crime rate is restricted to the influence of population only. Therefore, the analysis of crime rate of a particular State/UT shouldn t be construed as the sole indicator of crime position of that particular State/UT in relation to others. The Crime rate defined as the number of crimes reported per 1,, population is universally taken as a realistic indicator since it balances the effect of growth in population and size of State. The rate of total Cognizable crimes in the country which showed a rising trend during the period (from in the year 23 to in the year 24) and declined to in the year 25 and again slightly decreased to in the year 26. However, it rose to 54.5 in 27, 515. in 28, 57.8 in 29 and it, however, decreased to in 21, in 211, and further declined to in 212, thereafter it rose to 54.4 during 213. The sudden drop in crime rate from in the year 24 to in the year 25 may be attributed to the exclusion of certain non-cognizable crimes by Kolkata Police in 25 data, which were being included inadvertently under the crime-head 'Other SLL crimes' prior to the year 25. The crime rate in respect of IPC crimes has increased by 9.6 per cent during 213, from in the year 212 to in the year 213 and for SLL crimes, an increase of 7.9 per cent was reported during 213 over 212 (from 31.2 in 212 to in 213) 11. Details are given at Annexure - II and II-A and III and III-A. COMPLAINTS RECEIVED BY POLICE The total number of complaints received by the Police including oral, written, distress call or the ones initiated suo-moto by the Police is being collected since 1999 in order to assess the quantum of work load of police. A total of 1,86,84,289 complaints were received by the Police in the country during the year 213 as compared to 1,7,82,638 complaints received during the year 212 showing 1 op.cit, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p Ibid, pp.23 & 25

6 5 an increase of 73.3 per cent over per cent of these were written complaints, 8. per cent were oral complaints, 2.3 per cent complaints were initiated by the Police and 5.8 per cent were distress calls reported over phones (Dial No.1). Nearly, 35.5 per cent of these complaints were registered as Cognizable offences (66,4,378 out of 1,86,84,289 cases). The year-wise number of such complaints vis-à-vis actual number of Cognizable crimes registered by the Police 12 are given at Annexure-IV. MEASURES TAKEN BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT Under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India, Police and Public Order are State subjects and, therefore, the State Governments are primarily responsible for prevention, registration, detection and investigation of crime and prosecution of the perpetrators of crime within their jurisdiction. However, the Ministry of Home Affairs supplements the efforts of the State Governments by providing them financial assistance for modernization of the State Police Forces in terms of weaponry, communication, equipment, mobility, training and other infrastructure under the Scheme of Modernization of State Police Forces 13. The Union Government, attaches highest importance to the matter of prevention of crime, and therefore, has continued to urge to the State Governments/Union Territory Administrations to give more focused attention towards improving the administrations of criminal justice system and taking such measures as are necessary for prevention and control of crime. In this regard a number of advisories have been issued to the States from time to time Ibid, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p India. Ministry of Home Affairs Annual Report, , p op.cit. Question No.3211 dated

7 6 Annexure-I Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes Under Indian Penal Code (IPC) And Special And Local Laws (SLL)(23-213) Sl. No. Year Projected Mid-Year Population (In Lakh)* IPC Incide nce SLL Total IPC Rate SLL Total Percentage of IPC Crimes to Total Cognizable Crimes (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1) ** PERCENTAG E CHANGE IN 213 OVER COMPOUND GROWTH RATE PER ANNUM * Source: Registrar General of India ** Actual Population As Per Population Census 212 Andhra Pradesh excluded Motor Vehicle Act (Non-Cognizable) Cases from the year Variation in SLL crimes is due to less registration of M.V. Act (Cognizable) & Town Nuisance Act cases in Andhra Pradesh. Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p.194

8 7 Sl. No. Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (IPC) In States & UTs During 213 State/UT Incidence of Total Cognizable Crimes Percentage Contribution to All-India Total Mid-Year Projected Population (In Lakh)** Annexure-II Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) STATES: 1 ANDHRA PRADESH ARUNACHAL PRADESH ASSAM BIHAR CHHATTISGARH GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PRADESH JAMMU & KASHMIR JHARKHAND KARNATAKA KERALA MADHYA PRADESH MAHARASHTRA MANIPUR MEGHALAYA MIZORAM NAGALAND ODISHA PUNJAB RAJASTHAN SIKKIM TAMIL NADU TRIPURA UTTAR PRADESH UTTARAKHAND WEST BENGAL TOTAL (STATES) UNION TERRITORIES 29 A & N ISLANDS CHANDIGARH D & N HAVELI DAMAN & DIU DELHI LAKSHADWEEP PUDUCHERRY TOTAL (UTs) TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p.2

9 8 Incidence & Rate of Cognizable Crimes (IPC) Under Under different Crime Headsand Percentage Changes During 213 Annexure-II A Sl. Crime Head Year No (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1. MURDER (Sec.32 IPC) 2. ATTEMPT TO COMMIT MURDER (Sec. 37 IPC) 3. G.H. NOT AMOUNTING MURDER (Sec.34, 38 IPC) 4. (Sec.376 IPC) (3.1) (2.4) (3.1) CUSTODIAL RAPE OTHER RAPE (3.1) 5. KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION (Sec , IPC) (1.9) i) OF WOMEN & (2.6) ii) OF OTHERS 6696 (.6) 6. DACOITY (Sec IPC) 7. PREPARATION & ASSEMBLY FOR DACOITY (Sec IPC) 8. ROBBERY (Sec ,397,398 IPC) 9. Burglary (Sec , 454, 455, IPC) 1. THEFT (Sec IPC) (1.6) (8.7) (23.) (i) auto theft 6937 (6.5) (ii) other theft (16.5) 11. RIOTS (Sec , , 153, 153A, 153B, 157, 158, 16 IPC) 12. CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST (Sec IPC) 13. CHEATING (Sec.419,42 IPC) 14. COUNTERFEITING (Sec ,489A- 489D IPC) 15. ARSON (Sec.435,436,438 IPC) 16. HURT (Sec , IPC) 17. DOWRY DEATHS@ (Sec.34B IPC) 18. ASSAULT ON WOMEN WITH INTENT TO OUTRAGE HER MODESTY@ (Sec.354 IPC) 19. INSULT TO THE MODESTY OF WOMEN@ (Sec.59 IPC) 2. CRUELTY BY HUSBAND OR HIS RELATIVES@ (Sec.498 IPC) 21. IMPORTATION OF GIRLS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES@ (Sec.366B IPC) 22. CAUSING DEATH BY NEGLIGENCE (Sec.34A IPC) (5.4) (1.3) (4.4) (.9) (24.5) 628 (1.2) (6.4) (2.4) 573 (9.8) (5.7) 23. OTHER IPC CRIMES 7412 (65.6) Note : TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER IPC (16.7) (2.8) (2.5) (3.8) (3.8) 3261 (2.6) (4.1) 7322 (.6) (1.8) (8.1) (27.5) 1232 (1.4) (17.1) 6618 (5.7) (1.4) (5.8) (.8) (24.7) 8172 (1.5) 4413 (7.2) (2.2) (14.6) (8.) (74.3) (181.5) (2.8) 2938 (2.5) (3.8) (3.8) 3386 (2.9) (4.5) 8119 (.7) (1.9) 927 (7.9) (27.7) 1427 (12.) (15.7) (5.4) (1.4) (6.2) (.7) (23.9) 8383 (1.5) (6.8) 119 (1.9) (15.8) (8.4) (74.) (181.4) (2.8) (2.5) (3.9) (3.9) 3844 (3.2) (5.2) 8645 (.7) (2.) 9179 (7.6) (27.9) (12.4) (15.4) (5.7) (1.4) (6.7) (.7) (24.4) 8391 (1.5) 4613 (7.1) 9961 (1.7) 9441 (16.4) (9.) (77.9) (187.6) 3435 (2.8) (2.6) (4.1) (4.1) (3.7) (6.1) 999 (.8) (2.) 9254 (7.6) 348 (28.2) 1512 (12.5) 1896 (15.7) 685 (5.7) (1.4) (7.2) (.7) (25.) 8618 (1.5) (7.3) 857 (1.5) (16.9) (9.) (79.8) (192.2) 1. Figures in brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of population. 1. Due to paucity of space `C.H. not amounting to Murder' also includes `Attempt to Commit C.H.' under Section 38 IPC'. 2. Due to technical limitations, crime rate of crimes committed against children has been calculated on the basis of total population instead of children population. Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census) of the respective years (2.8) (2.9) (4.3) (4.3) (3.9) (6.5) 933 (.8) (2.3) (7.7) (27.8) (12.7) (15.1) (6.2) 1791 (1.5) 9423 (7.8) (1.) (27.4) 8233 (1.4) (7.7) 9173 (1.6) (18.2) (8.9) (79.6) (196.7)

10 9 Sl. No. Crime Head Quinquennial Average (28-12) (Q.A.) 213 Percentage Change in 213 (+) Increase / (-) Decrease Over 23 Q. A. 212 (1) (2) (9) (1) (11) (12) (13) 1. MURDER (Sec.32 IPC) (2.8) 3321 (2.7) ATTEMPT TO COMMIT MURDER (Sec. 37 IPC) 3. G.H. NOT AMOUNTING MURDER (Sec.34, 38 IPC) 4. (Sec.376 IPC) 3716 (2.6) (1.9) CUSTODIAL RAPE 2 OTHER RAPE (1.9) 5. KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION (Sec , IPC) (3.3) i) OF WOMEN & 346 (2.6) ii) OF OTHERS 853 (.7) 6. DACOITY (Sec IPC) 7. PREPARATION & ASSEMBLY FOR DACOITY (Sec IPC) 8. ROBBERY (Sec , 397, 398 IPC) 9. BURGLARY (Sec , 454, 455, IPC) 1. THEFT (Sec IPC) (2.) (7.8) (27.8) (i) auto theft (12.) (ii) other theft (15.8) 11. RIOTS (Sec , , 153, 153A, 153B, 157, 158, 16 IPC) 12. CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST (Sec IPC) 13. CHEATING (Sec.419,42 IPC) 14. COUNTERFEITING (Sec ,489A-489D IPC) 15. ARSON (Sec.435,436,438 IPC) 16. HURT (Sec , IPC) 17. Dowry Deaths@ (Sec.34B IPC) 18. Assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty@ (Sec.354 IPC) 19. INSULT TO THE MODESTY OF WOMEN@ (Sec.59 IPC) 2. CRUELTY BY HUSBAND OR HIS RELATIVES@ (Sec.498 IPC) 21. IMPORTATION OF GIRLS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES@ (Sec.366B IPC) 22. CAUSING DEATH BY NEGLIGENCE (Sec.34A IPC) (5.7) 1697 (1.4) 831 (6.7) (.8) (25.1) 8359 (.7) (3.5) 1185 (.9) (7.9) (8.7) 23. OTHER IPC CRIMES (77.1) TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER IPC (187.9) (2.9) (5.7) (5.7) (5.3) (8.8) 7322 (.6) (2.6) 1441 (8.5) (3.3) (13.5) (16.8) (5.9) (1.6) 1733 (8.7) (.8) (27.2) 883 (1.4) 7739 (11.9) (2.1) (2.1) (9.1) (88.9) (215.5) Note: Figures in Brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census ) of the respective years.

11 1 Sl. No. Annexure-III Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (SLL) In States & UTs During 213 State/UT Incidence of Total Cognizable Crimes Percentage Contribution to All-India Total Mid Year Projected Population** (In Lakh) Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) STATES: 1 ANDHRA PRADESH ARUNACHAL PRADESH ASSAM BIHAR CHHATTISGARH GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PRADESH JAMMU & KASHMIR JHARKHAND KARNATAKA KERALA MADHYA PRADESH MAHARASHTRA MANIPUR MEGHALAYA MIZORAM NAGALAND ODISHA PUNJAB RAJASTHAN SIKKIM TAMIL NADU TRIPURA UTTAR PRADESH UTTARAKHAND WEST BENGAL UNION TERRITORIES TOTAL (STATES) A & N ISLANDS CHANDIGARH D & N HAVELI DAMAN & DIU DELHI LAKSHADWEEP PUDUCHERRY TOTAL (UTs) TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p.22

12 11 Annexure-III A Incidence & Rate of Cognizable Crimes Under Special and Local Laws (SLL) Under different Crime Heads and Percentage Changes During 213 Sl. No. Crime Head 23 28~~ 29# (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1. ARMS ACT 7284 (6.8) 2. NARCOTIC DRUGS & PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT (2.6) 3. GAMBING (16.4) 4. EXCISE ACT (12.9) 5. PROHIBITION ACT (43.7) 6. EXPLOSIVE & EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT IMMORAL TRAFFIC (P) 551 (1.1) 8. INDIAN RAILWAYS ACT 4861 (3.8) 9. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS ACT 1315 (.1) 1. PROTECTION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 671 (.1) (i) PCR Act for SCs 634 (.1) (ii) PCR Act for STs INDIAN PASSPORT ACT 555 (.1) 12. ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT TERRORIST & DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITIES ACT ANTIQUITIES & ART TREASURES ACT DOWRY PROHIBITION PROHIBITION OF CHILD MARRIAGE ACT INDECENT REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN (P) COPYRIGHTS ACT COMMISSION OF SATI PREVENTION 2. SC/ST (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT 9388 (.9) (i) Prevention of Atrocities Act for SCs 848 (.8) (ii) Prevention of Atrocities Act for STs 134 (.1) 21. FOREST ACT OTHER SLL CRIMES (263.9) 23. TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER SLL (353.7) 7716 (6.7) 3645 (2.7) (13.5) (14.) (31.4) (.1) (.1) 91 (.8) (1.) (1.1) (1.) 882 (.1) (26.9) (333.4) 819 (6.9) 2941 (2.5) (13.9) (15.9) (33.1) (.1) (.1) 7622 (.7) (1.) (.1) (1.) 1137 (.9) 822 (.1) (313.2) (389.4) 7555 (6.4) (2.5) (13.3) (14.9) (32.5) (.1) (.1) 7928 (.7) (.9) (.7) (1.) 1419 (.9) 137 (.1) (38.) (381.7) (5.2) (2.1) (12.8) (11.9) (33.) (.1) (.1) 8654 (.7) (1.1) (.1) 6976 (.6) (1.) (.9) 1154 (.1) 7448 (.6) (255.3) (324.5) Note : due to technical limitation, crime rate of crimes committed against children and SC/ST has been calculated on the basis of total population instead of children and SC/ST population respectively. Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, pp (4.6) (2.4) 1432 (11.6) (13.2) (34.3) (.1) (.1) 6755 (.6) (1.5) (1.1) (1.) 1311 (.1) (23.8) (31.2)

13 12 Sl. No. Crime Head Quinquenn ial Average (28-12) (Q.A.) 213 Percentage Change in 213 (+) Increase / (-) Decrease Over 23 Q.A. 212 (1) (2) (9) (1) (11) (12) (13) 1. ARMS ACT (6.) (4.4) 2. NARCOTIC DRUGS & PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT (2.4) (2.8) 3. GAMBING (13.) (1.7) 4. EXCISE ACT (14.) (14.3) 5. PROHIBITION ACT (32.9) (34.2) 6. EXPLOSIVE & EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT IMMORAL TRAFFIC (P) INDIAN RAILWAYS ACT REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS ACT (.1) 1. PROTECTION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT (i) PCR Act for SCs (ii) PCR Act for STs INDIAN PASSPORT ACT (.1) (.1) 12. ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT (.7) 13. TERRORIST & DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITIES ACT ANTIQUITIES & ART TREASURES ACT DOWRY PROHIBITION (1.8) 16. PROHIBITION OF CHILD MARRIAGE ACT INDECENT REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN (P) (.1) (.1) 18. COPYRIGHTS ACT (.6) 19. COMMISSION OF SATI PREVENTION SC/ST (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) act (1.) (1.3) (i) Prevention of Atrocities Act for SCs (.9) (1.1) (ii) Prevention of Atrocities Act for STs (.1) (.1) 21. FOREST ACT (1.7) 22. OTHER SLL CRIMES (273.6) (252.9) 23. TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER SLL (346.) (324.9) Figures in brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of population. 2. Rate less than.5 is also shown as.. 3. # Andhra Pradesh excluded Motor Vehicle Act (Non-Cognizable) Cases from the year Variation in SLL crimes is due to less registration of M.V. Act (Cognizable) and Town Nuisance Act cases in Andhra Pradesh as clarified by them. 5. ## 29 figures of newly enacted Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 26 in place of Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 have been clubbed with Other SLL crimes. 6. ~~ Compared to 28 data published in the report of 29, there is variation in 28 figures of PCR Act, Excise Act, Immoral Traffic (P) Act, Essential Commodities Act, Forest Act and Other SLL crimes due to revised data of 28 furnished by Karnataka in 21 only. 7. Revised data for 28, 29 and 21 has been furnished to NCRB by Chhattisgarh state in 212. Therefore, comparatively there may be difference in the old published data of some of the crime heads in regards of these years. 8. Revised data for 211 has been furnished by Jammu & Kashmir state for Sati Prevention Act after publication of the report. Hence, the data of 211 may have variation in this report of column 8 for 211. Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census) of the respective years.

14 13 Number of Complaints Received By Police & Cases Registered Under IPC & SLL During 213 Annexure-IV Sl. No. State/UT Oral Category of Complaints Received Written Distress call over Phone/ Dial 1 Complaint Initiated Suo-moto by Police Total Complaints (Col. 3 to 6) No. of cases registered under (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1) IPC SLL Total (Col.8 + Col.9) 1 ANDHRA PRADESH ARUNACHALPRADESH ASSAM BIHAR CHHATTISGARH GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PRADESH JAMMU & KASHMIR JHARKHAND KARNATAKA KERALA MADHYA PRADESH MAHARASHTRA MANIPUR MEGHALAYA MIZORAM NAGALAND ODISHA PUNJAB RAJASTHAN SIKKIM TAMIL NADU TRIPURA UTTAR PRADESH UTTARAKHAND WEST BENGAL TOTAL (STATES) UNION TERRITORIES: 29 A & N ISLANDS CHANDIGARH D & N HAVELI DAMAN & DIU DELHI LAKSHADWEEP PUDUCHERRY TOTAL (UTs) TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) *In some States/UTs only the Oral Complaints/Distress Call/Dial 1 which are converted into FIR are shown in column 3 and 5 Note: Some States/UTs have furnished the same figures for total complaints received (Col.7) and total cases registered (Col. 1) by furnishing only the cognizable complaints in Col.7. Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 213, p.193