Sharan Burrow, International Trade Union Confederation, Brussels

Transcription

1 Global migration: who benefits, who loses? Mobility in the Global North and the Global South is shaped by rapid changes of - and continuing inequality in - the global economy. The increased globalisation of investment, production and distribution is transforming societies and economies, resulting in increasing diversity in the geographic mobility of labour. The migration of highly-skilled workers is often facilitated by corporations and governments, which rely on arguments concerning the benefits of migration for economic growth, whilst businesses often profile the benefits of a diverse workforce to drive growth, innovation and differentiation. On the other hand, lower-skilled workers are more likely to be part of irregular or temporary migration pathways where they address shortages in lower-paid or three-d - dirty, dangerous and demeaning - jobs. Who benefits and who loses in migration is increasingly contested with the emergence of populist anti-migration sentiments in many countries today. This plenary session will examine the globalisation of employment and the emerging opportunities for and responsibilities of - business, the public sector and trade unions to play a stronger role to maximise the benefits of migration for locals and for migrants themselves. Ian Goldin, Oxford University, UK Sharan Burrow, International Trade Union Confederation, Brussels

2 First Peoples and multicultural Australia: An intercultural dialogue on recognition, reconciliation, truth and collaboration Australia s First Peoples, who spoke over 250 languages prior to European colonisation in the late 18th century, have had continuous custodianship of Australia for more than 50,000 years. Today, migrant, refugee and Indigenous communities are an integral part of the diverse social, cultural and economic fabric of contemporary Australian society, with parallels and differences between the ideas and experiences of marginalisation, home and belonging and cultural traditions. Yet, in Australia, there remains very limited intercultural or knowledge exchange between these First Peoples and immigrant communities. This panel of six women from different Indigenous, immigrant and refugee backgrounds will examine parallels and differences across ideas and experiences of loss and displacement. The conversation will acknowledge that Indigenous subjectivities must be the starting point of any form of cross-cultural dialogue which has a view to inform local and global thinking on the shared and different perspectives of First Peoples, migrants and refugees. Jackie Huggins, Co-Chair, National Congress of Australia s First Peoples, Australia Antoinette Braybook, CEO, Djirra, Australia Tasneem Chopra, author, consultant, activist, Australia Nyadol Nyuon, lawyer, advocate and commentator, Australia Uieta Kaufusi, Tongan Association of Canberra and Queanbeyan and Council Member, Harmony Alliance, Australia

3 The dynamics shifts of migration and mobility in Asia Asia is experiencing some of the fastest rates of population and economic growth accompanied by rapid change in social and political domains. The region is also characterised by increasingly varied forms of migration and mobility, with shifts that have regional and sub-regional characteristics, including forms of labour migration and student migration flows into and out of the region. With more than half of the global population, and a spectrum of low, middle and high-income countries, Asia includes major sending countries that rely on remittances from Diasporic communities and major receiving countries that rely on migrants to maintain and grow their economies. The session will explore the dynamics and characteristics of modern Asian migration, associated regional and national trends and the emerging governance of migration in the region. Brenda Yeoh, National University of Singapore, Singapore Imelda Nicolas, Open Society Foundation and Metropolis Asia, Philippines Jawad Syed, Lahore University, Pakistan Dr Henry Wang, Center for China and Globalization, China

4 Detention and deterrence: the twin pillars of migration policy today? The concept of deterrence is increasingly embedded in policy and practice in response to various forms of irregular migration around the globe today. Deterrence primarily involves actions or policies designed to harm, or instil the fear of a harm, on some people to deter other people and future migration. Deterrence often goes hand in hand with detention but it also guides other policy settings in the area of irregular migration away from borders including in how to deal with boats at sea. There are strongly held ethical and moral arguments used to justify (or reject) deterrence policies. Similarly, empirical evidence as to the success, or otherwise, of deterrence measures is strongly contested. People smuggling can be a successful business, sustained by the high demand of people compelled to escape insecurity, instability and violence and take a chance for a better future in another country. Deterrence and detention policies also require large and costly security infrastructure for their implementation. This session will facilitate a dialogue on deterrence policies and practice with researchers, policy makers, practitioners and community voices at a global, regional and national level. Rez Gardi, activist, lawyer and founder of Empower, New Zealand Catherine Wihtol de Wenden, Centre for International Studies and Research, France Daniel Webb, Human Rights Legal Centre, Australia Gloria Careaga, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico Paris Aristotle, CEO, Foundation House and Chair of Settlement Services Advisory Council, Australia Franck Duvell, Oxford University, UK Paul Power, Refugee Council of Australia, Australia

5 Conflicting agendas? Multi-level responses to the governance of migration The governance of migration has long been a thorny issue at the local, national and international levels. As global migration has been transformed, the motives for migration are diversifying and technological advances are reducing the costs of mobility while increasing connections and transnational ties. Today, there are different patterns of migration in different regions of the world together with a continuing trend of migrants settling in the world s cities. In this context migration is arguably getting harder to measure, understand and regulate. The Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration is a new global instrument that offers greater clarity and commitment to guide governance and policy. This session will reflect on the agendas of migration policy makers at all levels and offer insights into ways to maximise the benefits, and minimise the risks, of migration for people who move and for the societies and cities that they move to. The focus is on the conflicts and developments in migration governance and how these are shaping, and are shaped by, the nature of cities, national sovereignty and global governance. Andrew Selee, Migration Policy Institute, USA Corinne Prince, Director-General Integration, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship, Canada Alan Gamlen, School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Australia Imelda Nicolas, Open Society Foundation and Metropolis Asia, Philippines

6 Visible and powerful - migrant voices in a connected world Public discourse in traditional and social media around the hot-button topic of migration is increasingly more polarised and divisive. Migrants and refugees, drawing on their lived experience, provide a different lens to the framing of these public policy debates - calling out adverse impacts on their communities. Civil society organisations are also key conduits for refugees and migrants to contribute to advocacy and policy development at international and local levels. In this digital age new platforms provide opportunities for migrants to be more vocal and visible, facilitate new forms of organised action around migrant and refugee rights and new spaces to resist antiimmigrant sentiments and overt and covert racism. This session will look at the ways that migrants and refugees themselves shape policy and practice, and contribute to public discourse in the area of migration. Tolu Olubunmi, advocate and World Economic Forum Migration Council, USA Karim Albrem, UNHCR Global Youth Advisory Council, Germany Nyadol Nyuon, lawyer and community advocate, Australia Andrew Jakubowicz, University of Technology Sydney, Australia Brenda Yeoh, National University of Singapore, Singapore

7 The upsides and downsides of temporary labour migration Temporary labour migration has increased in most countries today, even in those traditionally seen as settler immigration countries. Temporary migration is often touted as a triple-win: bringing benefits to countries of destination, countries of origin and migrant workers themselves. In destination countries temporary labour migration schemes offer flexibility to address labour shortages and irregular migration, while bringing competitive advantages and evading much of the political wrangling that surrounds permanent migration. Countries of origin gain remittances and increased know-how while guestworkers themselves, especially the highly skilled, have more choices and lucrative access to labour markets. Nevertheless many scholars, NGOs, trade unions and businesses are sceptical of temporary labour migration because of the constrained legal, political and economic rights of temporary migrant workers and the widespread evidence of their exploitation by employers. This session will explore the extent to which temporary labour migration, both now and into the future, can find a better balance for business (from multinationals to SMEs), workers (both locally born and migrant) and nation-states (sending and receiving countries) in a rapidly changing global economy. Innes Willox, Australian Industry Group, Australia Corinne Prince, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship, Canada Jo-anne Schofield, United Voice, Australia Marina Manke, International Organisation for Migration, Geneva Lynn Dang, Microsoft, Australia Henry Wang, Center for China and Globalization, China

8 Reshaping narratives: arts and media in the age of diversity and migration The increasing cultural, religious, linguistic and ethnic diversity of contemporary societies fuels new challenges and opportunities in the arts and the media. The arts, media and cultural establishment are increasingly called to account for the lack of representation and cultural diversity (cf #OscarsSoWhite). Too often the prevailing narrative in the arts is to seek to bolster one-way integration of migrants into the arts and host communities. Similarly, discussions on media tend to focus on stereotyped representations of migrants shaping public opinion. In this light the arts, media and creative industries share the fundamental prospect of telling a different story, primarily to facilitate exchange and empathy across difference, articulate and activate political agendas and contribute to social change. Collectively these illustrate a more transformative two-way role for arts and media to address systemic barriers around inclusion, to build diversity in audiences and inversely, audiences that value diversity. This session will examine policies and initiatives drawing on research and practice which advance diversity and inclusion in the arts and media, and realise the creative aspirations of people from minority backgrounds. Abid Hussain, Arts Council of England, UK John Sintras, SBS, Australia Wendy Were, Australia Council, Australia Lena Nahlous, Diversity Arts Australia

9 Special Session: Exploring metropolitan super-diversity through data visualisation The concept of super-diversity refers to the multi-dimensional character of social difference in 21st century gateway cities. Although the term is now in widespread use amongst scholars, policymakers and practitioners working on issues of migration and multiculturalism, there remains confusion over what super-diversity is and how it has developed over time in specific city contexts. This session will provide an overview of data visualization of big data on various dimensions of metropolitan super-diversity in Sydney, Vancouver and Auckland. The session will be followed, from on Thurs 1 st, with an interactive workshop which introduces and teaches participants to use cutting-edge data visualisation tools to explore, analyse, interpret and display big data on various dimensions of metropolitan super-diversity. Paul Spoonley, Massey University, New Zealand Steven Vertovec, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, Germany Dan Hiebert, University of British Columbia, Canada Alan Gamlen, Monash University, Australia

10 Migration and inequality complex challenges under a microscope Migration can be both a consequence and a cause of inequality, and this has been an abiding theme in migration policy debates. While the promise of economic benefits to host countries are often highlighted; social and political inequality (e.g. in terms of gender, disability, religious or political affiliation, sexuality, ethnicity, or class) and aspirations for a better life are also potent in migration. Those who move earn livelihoods, care for families and work to attain upward social mobility and transcend the social, cultural and political boundaries of their origins. The reality for migrants is that they usually have a precarious footing in transit and destination countries which can thwart social mobility and lead to intergenerational disadvantage and marginalisation. More than ever transnational ties, accelerated by technological change, allow migrants to contribute the social, cultural and political domain, of both where they came from and their host communities. Stronger transnational ties facilitate changes in social, cultural and political identities and allegiances. This session will explore migration and inequality with a focus on how migrants and refugees are achieving social and political inclusion within borders and across borders. Catherine Wihtol de Wenden, Centre for International Studies and Research, France Peggy Levitt, Wellesley College, USA Cassandra Goldie, Australian Council of Social Services, Australia Abid Hussain, Director Diversity, Arts Council of England, UK Yamamah Agha, Settlement Services International, Australia

11 Immigrant and refugee entrepreneurship: neither paradox nor panacea Historically, immigrants and refugees have set up businesses where they have settled. Explanations of this tendency for entrepreneurship vary considerably, focussing on the immigrants themselves, the societies into which they settle, the different regulatory environments, the different ways that they are embedded in family, community networks and the discrimination and barriers they face in the labour market of host societies. Historically most migrant and refugee enterprises are small and confined to the lower end of the market, though there is an evolving trend of migrant and refugee start-ups are at the higher end of the market in emerging, niche, high-value industries. As with business in general, success is contingent on an intricate web of social, political and economic conditions. Diasporic and family networks often sustain a migrant and refugee business, though there is also evidence of co-ethnic exploitation of immigrant entrepreneurs. New models of refugee and migrant business start-ups have emerged. This session will shed light on the policies, practice and lived experience of migrant and refugee entrepreneurship and on what is needed at the policy level to realise the potential for entrepreneurship to deliver stronger social and economic integration in rapidly changing global business models. Marina Manke, IOM Jock Collins, UTS, Australia Jan Rath, University of Amsterdam, Holland Pino Migliorino AM, Cultural Perspectives, Australia Yarrie Bangura, Aunty s Ginger Tonic, Australia

12 Sexual and gender diversity: LGBTIQ migrants and refugees According to the most recent International Lesbian and Gay Association survey there are 72 countries that criminalise sexual orientation. While there have been marked improvements in the protection and recognition of LGBTIQ people s rights across the world, disparities and long-held societal attitudes remain. The movement of LGBTIQ people globally across borders and within countries is usually shaped by efforts to escape discrimination, intolerance or persecution, in search of recognition, acceptance and living with the protection of fundamental human rights. Yet the number of LGBTIQ people migrating or seeking asylum is largely unknown and research on the role of sexual orientation or gender identity in shaping experiences of migration and settlement is relatively scarce. LGBTIQ migrants and refugees often juggle multiple identities across family of origin and migrant community settings and LGBTIQ community settings. This session will facilitate a dialogue on the potential of migration to transform the boundaries of culture, ethnicity, sexuality, gender and identity. Gloria Careaga, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico Rez Gardi, activist, lawyer and founder of Empower, New Zealand Arash Bordbar, UNHCR Global Youth Advisory Council, Australia

13 The Panel: Australia as a multicultural paradise myths and realities Australia is often seen as a new or settler nation, despite being home to the oldest continuous culture in the world. Since the early 1970s, Australia has largely moved from exclusionary entrance (the White Australia Policy) and assimilationist policies towards non-discriminatory immigration selection processes and multicultural settlement policies. This has resulted in increased cultural diversity of a society whose First Peoples are also culturally diverse. Today, Australia predominantly selects skilled migrants and offers family migration and humanitarian pathways; alongside a rapid growth in various forms of temporary migration. Multiculturalism continues to be championed as a core part of Australian values but has undergone considerable change in content, practice and rhetoric. Recurring debates on Australian citizenship feature tests for integration and pledges on Australian values which are set against the persistent realities of racism and anti-immigrant rhetoric including the perceived threats that migration and transnational identities pose to Australian security, sovereignty and environmental and socioeconomic sustainability. This session will unpack the place of migration in modern Australia, the pressure points in multiculturalism and the economic and socio-political arguments for and against migration. It will also explore the ways that contemporary migration impacts First Peoples, ethnic minorities and mainstream Australians, including the formation of new hybrid identities. George Megalogenis, economist, author and journalist, Australia The Hon Linda Burney, MP, Australia Andrew Markus, Monash University, Australia Ghassan Hage, University of Melbourne, Australia Nancy DiTomaso, Rutgers Business School, USA

14 Displacement and asylum new dimensions driving an old phenomenon Overlapping issues of conflict and instability, economic inequality, climate change and environmental disasters, persecution and a lack of human rights and opportunities are all part of the surge in displacement, both internal and across borders, globally. The complexity and scale of displacement has led to fissures and crises in long-standing policy settings for refugees. It has also thrown up new challenges of how to respond to irregular and mixed flows of people, created continuing difficulties for internally displaced people and led to increasing concern for people adversely impacted by climate change especially given future projections of the potential scale of this displacement. At the same time the UN Global Compacts on Refugees and on Migration open up new possibilities of international cooperation and commitments to these issues. This session will deepen understanding of the contemporary dimensions and impacts of displacement and asylum on policy settings in light of the two Global Compacts. The focus is on actions that can be taken at international, regional and local levels to address this multifaceted phenomenon, including displacement in the context of climate change. Prof Jane McAdam, Andrew & Renata Kaldor Centre for International Refugee Law, UNSW, Australia Franck Duvell, Centre on Migration, Policy and Society (COMPAS), University of Oxford, UK Karim Albrem, UNHCR Global Youth Advisory Council, Germany Ursula Rakova, activist and Executive Director, Tulele Peisa, Papua New Guinea

15 The Debate: Religion divides us more than it unites us Issues around religion loom large in discussions of migrants and integration in contemporary societies. Public discourses around religious minorities commonly focus on perceived differences and barriers to pluralism and secularism. Yet religious affiliation can also provide bonds and bridges that increase a migrant s sense of belonging. This moderated debate will tackle the relationship between religious affiliation, secularism and the political process. In the debate, the audience will be asked to vote on the motion (on the conference app) with the options of "For", "Against", and "Undecided". Debaters will have a strict time limit to advance their arguments, three speakers in the affirmative and three speakers in the negative. The moderator will then invite questions from the floor. After the final round of questions, a post-debate vote on the motion is taken. The pre- and post-debate votes are then tallied and will be presented to the audience of conference delegates. The winner is the side which has influenced and shifted the most audience members' minds. Jawad Syed, Lahore University, Pakistan Peggy Levitt, Wellesley College, USA Farida Fozdar, UWA, Australia Andrew Selee, Migration Policy Institute, USA Sunil Badami, author and journalist, Australia