MDG s in Asia and the Pacific

Transcription

1 Workshop on MDG Monitoring: 2015 and beyond MDG s in Asia and the Pacific 9-13 July, 2012 Bangkok, Thailand 1

2 Introduction Introduction Progress assessment UN MDG Indicators database Asia-Pacific Regional MDG Report 2011/12 Key findings Progress in selected countries and indicators Disparities within countries Summary 2

3 Introduction Since 2004, the ESCAP/ADB/UNDP partnership has produced seven successive regional reports on the achievements of the MDGs in Asia and the Pacific The progress assessments are based on the latest available data from the global database on official MDG Indicators Analysis of the trends and calculation of simple projections determine whether countries are on or off track Four categories are used: Early achiever: Already achieved the 2015 target On track: Expected to meet the target by 2015 Off track-slow: Expected to meet the target, but after 2015 Off track-no progress/regressing: Stagnating or slipping backwards 3

4 Progress assessment The progress assessment for a given MDG target is produced on the basis of the trend since 1990 It requires a minimum of two data points that are at least three years apart (sufficient for estimating trends) Data from UN MDG Indicators database as of 30 September 2011 No assessments for Goal 8 4

5 UN MDG Indicators database Product of Inter-Agency Group and Expert Group on MDG Indicators (IAEG) Data typically drawn from official statistics provided by ministries and national statistical offices to international agencies International agencies may: Adjust figures to ensure comparability across countries Fill gaps by using data from surveys like DHS, MICS Also, countries may have more recent data Therefore: discrepancies may occur between national and international data series, possibly resulting in differences in assessing progress 5

6 UN MDG Indicators database The picture on data availability is positive Since 2011 sufficient comparable data are available to assess progress towards a reduction by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, of the maternal mortality ratio For 18 indicators, data availability for supporting progress tracking improved considerably between 2004 and 2011 except for 3 countries (China, Viet Nam and PNG) for which the number of indicators with insufficient data for the assessment remained the same between 2004 and

7 Asia-Pacific Regional MDG Report 2011/12 Accelerating Equitable Achievement of the MDGs Closing Gaps in Health and Nutrition Outcomes ESCAP/ADB/UNDP partnership in collaboration with UNFPA, UNICEF and WHO Launched in New Delhi on 17 February th in series since

8 Key findings Progress has been impressive but uneven Particular challenges in achieving health and nutrition targets Countries lagging behind need to accelerate in progress Large gaps in achievement across countries National efforts also need to target disadvantaged population groups Within-country disparities as large as cross-country disparities Eight-point strategy to close gaps 8

9 Progress in achieving MDG targets in Asia and the Pacific 9

10 Compared to other developing regions Asia and the Pacific is generally making better progress towards the MDG targets than sub-saharan Africa But is lagging behind Latin America and the Caribbean 10

11 Scale of deprivation is large On most indicators, because of the region s large population it is also home to a high proportion of the world s deprived people 11

12 Progress in selected countries 12

13 $1.25 per day poverty 2015 on current trend Annual decrease needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Philippines 17, , , Mongolia Bangladesh 59, , , Nepal 11, ,

14 Underweight children 2015 on current trend Annual decrease needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Philippines 1, , Indonesia 3, , Bhutan Pakistan 5, , Myanmar 1, Lao PDR Nepal 1,

15 Primary enrolment 2015 on current trend Annual increase needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Philippines 1, Thailand Cambodia Bangladesh 1, Bhutan Lao PDR Pakistan 5, , ,376.10

16 Gender primary 2015 on current trend 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Annual increase needed Country to reach target, points Papua New Guinea Afghanistan

17 Gender secondary 2015 on current trend 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Annual increase needed Country to reach target, points Lao PDR Afghanistan 1, ,

18 Gender tertiary 2015 on current trend 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Annual increase needed Country to reach target, points Pakistan Nepal 1, , Bhutan Cambodia Bangladesh 3, , Afghanistan 1, ,293.27

19 Under-5 mortality Affected population over on current trend (,000) Annual decrease needed to reach target, per 1,000 live births Affected population over if target reached Lives saved over if target reached Country Philippines Cambodia Myanmar Papua New Guinea Pakistan 1, , Afghanistan

20 Infant mortality 20

21 Infant mortality Affected population over on current trend (,000) Annual decrease needed to reach target, per 1,000 live births Affected population over if target reached Lives saved over if target reached Country Thailand China 1, , Iran (Islamic Rep. of) Indonesia Lao PDR Nepal Philippines Bhutan Cambodia Myanmar Papua New Guinea Pakistan 1, , Afghanistan

22 Maternal mortality 22

23 Maternal mortality Affected population over on current trend Annual decrease needed to reach target, per 100,000 live births Affected population over if target reached Lives saved over if target reached Country Mongolia Thailand Philippines Indonesia Cambodia Bangladesh Myanmar Pakistan Nepal Papua New Guinea Lao PDR Afghanistan

24 Antenatal care ( 1 visit) 24

25 Antenatal care ( 1 visit) 2015 on current trend Annual increase needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Philippines Papua New Guinea Myanmar Cambodia Pakistan 1, , Bangladesh Nepal Lao PDR Afghanistan 1,

26 Skilled birth attendance 26

27 Skilled birth attendance 2015 on current trend Annual increase needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Thailand Myanmar Philippines Papua New Guinea Cambodia Pakistan 2, , Nepal Lao PDR Afghanistan Bangladesh 2, ,

28 Safe drinking water 2015 on current trend Annual increase needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Iran (Islamic Rep. of) 3, , Pakistan 17, , , Bhutan Indonesia 41, , , Myanmar 11, , Bangladesh 30, , , Lao PDR 2, , Papua New Guinea 4, , ,355.98

29 Basic sanitation 29

30 Basic sanitation 2015 on current trend Annual increase needed to reach target, percentage points 2015 if target reached Saving in human cost if target reached Country Iran (Islamic Rep. of) 13, , , Bangladesh 62, , , Indonesia 101, , , China 541, , , Bhutan Pakistan 93, , , Mongolia 1, Nepal 18, , , Cambodia 8, , , Afghanistan 21, , , Papua New Guinea 4, , ,

31 Disparities Gaps in MDG achievements among citizens within national borders can be as large as gaps between people from different countries Source: DHS 2008 ARMM: Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao CALABARZON: CAvite, LAguna, BAtangas, Rizal, and QueZON SOCCSKSARGEN: South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani and General Santos City. 31

32 Disparities Overall disparities tend to be larger in countries with relatively lower levels of attainment (large red bubbles) Attainments are generally higher with low disparities 32

33 Disparities Child malnutrition less prevalent in urban than in rural areas Prevalence levels similar among children of same economic status Percentage of children under-5 underweight Rural Urban 33

34 Drivers of within country disparities A very complex set of interlinked factors is behind the disparities, but the analysis reveals that sometimes only one factor needs to be addressed to create significant change and reduce the disparities even when the rest of the characteristics remain unchangeable. The analysis suggests that there are common factors to reduce disparities across the analyzed indicators: Household wealth Education of mother For under-5 mortality Breast-feeding reduces risk High risk for girls in some countries Castes, ethnic and linguistic groups Need to remove cultural and institutional discrimination 34

35 Summary Very good regional progress in some areas Uneven progress across sub-regions and between countries Disparities within countries persist Large scale of deprivation remains Challenges to reduce hunger, improve health and services 35

36 Thank you! Harumi Shibata Salazar 36