GEOG World Regional Geography EXAM 1 10 February, 2011

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1 GEOG World Regional Geography EXAM 1 10 February, 2011 Multiple Choice: Choose the BEST Answer: 1 Whoever is lord of Malacca has his hands on the throat of Venice. By this, the Portuguese traveler Tomé Pires, writing in 1480, was referring to which of the following? A) Interior agricultural civilizations B) Harbor principalities C) Zomia D) ASEAN 2 All of the following are arguments raised in opposition to guest worker programs like those proposed by Lant Pritchett EXCEPT: A) Guest worker programs creates an underclass of exploited workers B) Guest worker programs depresses local wages C) Guest worker programs result in permanent migration D) Guest worker programs are involuntary 3 All of the following are associated with regional specialization in China EXCEPT: A) Increasing spatial inequality B) Export led growth C) Decentralization of economic decision-making D) Prosperous state-owned enterprises in the interior 4 All of the following are examples of Transnational Economic Integration (one of the 6 components of globalization) EXCEPT: A) ASEAN B) World Bank C) European Union D) Mekong River Commission 5 All of the following are TRUE regarding China's hukou system of household registration EXCEPT: A) It was implemented during China's market reforms as a component of regional specialization B) It ties citizenship to one's place of residence within China C) It can be likened to an 'internal passport system' D) It restricts migration within China 6 All of the following are TRUE regarding the 'maid trade' EXCEPT: A) It accounts for 40% of the average household income in the Philippines B) The US is the major destination in the maid trade C) Domestic workers are often overqualified to be maids D) The government of the Philippines requires that all Filipina maids be given Sundays off 7 All of the following were included in the 6 Components of Globalization discussed in lecture EXCEPT: A) Transnational Corporations (TNCs) B) New International Division of Labor C) Demographic Transition D) Standardized International Consumer Markets 8 Borderlands tend to be regions defined by cultural mixing; they are often populated by marginalized groups. Which of the following regions best illustrates the concept of borderlands: A) The US-Mexico border region B) Zomia C) Shanghai and its informal waste collectors

2 9 China s enormous amount of labor migration can primarily be viewed as a response to: A) Spatial inequality B) Abolishment of the Hukou System C) Increased tourism in rural China D) Dominance of Foreign Direct Investment in China s interior 10 European colonialism began in Southeast Asia with which conquest? A) Spanish in Philippines B) Dutch in East Indies (Indonesia) C) British in Malaya D) Portuguese in Malacca 11 Export led growth is best associated with which of the following approaches to development? A) 'Big Push' modernization B) Washington Consensus C) Green Revolution D) Nongovermental Organizations 12 Foreign investment is now a key component of globalization. The increasing amount of foreign investment around the world illustrates ALL BUT WHICH of the following? A) The informal economy B) The increasing priviatization of global finance C) The growing importance of transnational corporations D) The influence of the Washington Consensus 13 Lant Pritchett's argument for guest worker programs to combat global poverty illustrate which of the following approaches to globalization, as discussed in lecture? A) fundamentalism B) skepticism C) cosmopolitanism D) cultural imperialism 14 Multiculturalism would most likely be associated with which of the following terms? A) Cosmopolitanism B) Fundamentalism C) Demographic Transition D) Bretton Woods System 15 Resource extraction industries in Southeast Asian can be viewed as the present day continuation of which of the following? A) Harbor principalities B) European colonialism C) Green revolution D) Interior agricultural civilizations 16 Roughly what portion of the world's population lives in cities? A) 1/10 B) 1/4 C) 1/2 D) 3/4 17 Structural adjustment policies, as discussed by your textbook, involve which of the following? A) Reduction in foreign investment B) Implementation of fair trade policies C) Removing tariffs and import quotas D) Closing borders to free trade

3 18 The 2 kinds of mobility in China discussed in lecture include which two major forms of migration? A) The floating population and labor migrants B) Labor migrants and tourists C) Labor migrants and waste collectors D) The floating population and the maid trade 19 The ambiguity of the region concept is best expressed by which of the following statements? A) Because of globalization regions are becoming increasingly homogenous B) The borders between regions are increasingly porous C) Regions are both arbitrary constructs of our geographical imagination and observable on the ground D) Regional boundaries are being replaced by borderland regions of mixed cultures 20 The two central concepts in Oakes' approach to World Regional Geography are best summed up by which of the following terms? A) scale / region B) contamination / multiculturalism C) place matters / connections D) globalization /cosmopolitanism 21 The 'Washington Consensus' is associted with all of the following EXCEPT: A) Open borders B) 'Big Push' modernization C) Structural adjustment policies D) Free trade 22 Thomas Friedman's concept of the 'flat world' conveys which of the following approaches to globalization? A) Globalization is an uneven process B) Globalization occurs in places C) Globalization reduces the barriers and boundaries that keep people poor D) We do not yet live in a truly globalized world 23 US dependence on China for rare earths has increased for which of the following reasons? A) The US has exhausted its supply of rare earths B) China's rare earths are of higher quality C) Increasingly popular communication, energy, and 'green' technologies use rare earths D) Rare earths are no longer being exported from Indonesia 24 What are the conflicts between Southeast Asian countries and China over the Mekong River about? A) Dams B) Fish C) Sustainability 25 What is the earliest manifestation of globalization according to your textbook? A) European colonialism B) Creation of the World Trade Organization C) Founding of Cisco Systems D) Implementation of Structural Adjustment Policies 26 What were the two key institutions established by the Bretton Woods Accords of 1944? A) World Trade Organization and World Bank B) World Trade Organization and IMF C) World Bank and IMF D) World Bank and ASEAN

4 27 Which of the following best describes the process of demographic transition? A) high mortality and fertility, followed by high natural increase, followed by low mortality and fertility B) high natural increase, followed by medium natural increase, followed by low natural increase C) low mortality and high fertility, followed by high mortality and low fertility D) high natural increase, followed by low natural increase, followed by negative natural increase 28 Which of the following best explains the reasons for opening Special Economic Zones in China? A) To avoid the disruption of opening the entire country to international trade all at once B) To help prop up ailing state-owned interprises in China's interior C) To reduce labor migration to the southeastern coastal region D) To slow down the rapid economic growth in the southeastern coastal region of China 29 Which of the following best expresses how the terms subsistence economy and cash economy relate to labor migration? A) People migrate away from cash economies in order to join the subsistence economies in the cities B) People migrate away from urban cash economies to live simpler lives in the countryside C) People migrate away from subsistence economies because they need cash-paying jobs to pay for things like education and television D) People migrate away from subsistence economies in order to sell the products they grow on their farms 30 Which of the following best illustrates geography's counter-argument to Friedman's 'flat world' approach to globalization? A) We don't yet live in a globalized world B) World Regions is a more accurate way of understanding globalization C) Borders have become increasingly meaningless in the global economy D) Globalization is an uneven set of processes 31 Which of the following best illustrates the New International Division of Labor? A) The rare earths trade B) 'Big Push' modernization C) Tropical wood exports from Southeast Asia D) Export Processing Zones in developing countries 32 Which of the following concepts is the most useful in explaining the struggles over Sunday picnics for Filipina maids in Singapore? A) Public space B) Informal Economy C) Scale D) Structural Adjustment 33 Which of the following is NOT one of the four subfields of geography? A) World Regional Geography B) Human Geography C) Physical Geography D) Geographic Information Science 34 Which of the following is the best definition of a Transnational Corporation (TNC)? A) A firm which owns branch operations in more than one country B) A firm which owns all stages of the production process across multiple countries C) A firm which has the power to control operations in more than one country, even if it does not own them D) A firm which has recently moved its production facilities from one country to another 35 Which of the following is the best example of the concept of Sustainable Development? A) Rare earths development in China B) The maid trade C) Informal waste collection in Shanghai D) 'Big Push' modernization

5 36 Which of the following is true? A) Regional geography will often concentrate on only one region B) Regional geography will look at several geographical processes in the same place C) Systematic geography organizes knowlege around subfields like population geography, economic geography, etc. 37 Which of the following statements about Shanghai waste collectors best illustrates the distinction between formal and informal economies? A) Shanghai waste collectors typically use cash only for their transactions and usually pay no taxes to the city of Shanghai B) The human rights of Shanghai waste collectors are regularly abused C) Shanghai waste collectors tend to not speak the local Shanghai dialect D) Shanghai waste collectors offer a compelling example of sustainable development 38 Which of the following statements BEST illustrate the concept of SCALE as used in human geography? A) Thomas Friedman argues that the world is "flat" B) Globalization tends to impact all places equally C) English is the dominant language of Canada, but French dominates the Canadian province of Quebec D) World regions are no longer an effective way to understand our world 39 Which statement best expresses the idea of the centrality of boundaries? A) Boundaries have become more important with globalization B) Boundaries reveal and clarify particular geographical imaginations of the world C) Boundaries have declined in importance as nation-states lose control over their administrative spaces D) Boundaries have become borderlands as globalization ensues True or False: 40 China has become one of ASEAN's most important trading partners. 41 Fair trade is promoted as an alternative to free trade. 42 Guest worker programs typically advocate the integration and eventual citizenship of guest workers. 43 If China wants to build a dam on the Mekong River it must first consult with downstream countries for approval. 44 Lant Pritchett argues that it is necessary to protect national identities from the threat of poverty 45 Patterns of trade during colonialism are an example of the 'old international division of labor'. 46 Rural tourism in China is promoted as an agent of modernization and cultural change for the countryside 47 Shanghai is one of China's 5 Special Economic Zones 48 The highland tribal regions of Southeast Asia have long been controlled by Interior Agricultural Civilizations 49 The Mekong River Commission was established to manage a transboundary watershed region. 50 Thomas Friedman's view of globalization is best viewed as skeptical.

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