7 th Grade Social Studies Common Exam Review Guide

Transcription

1 7 th Grade Social Studies Common Exam Review Guide

2 Grade 7 Social Studies common exam review guide code: In a command economy, decisions about production are made by the. 2. Which type of government best completes the diagram? 3. In which political structure is power granted to the government by consent of the people and government must follow rules and regulations? 4. Which statement is supported by this headline? 5. Unlike the official language of most South American countries whose language is Spanish, the official language of Brazil is: 6. The Arabic language is native to which region? 7. Many Europeans believed that their advanced technology made them superior to people whose societies were not technologically

3 advanced. This concept is most closely associated with which theory? 8. Which religion is the most common and influential in Latin American cultures? 9. Which economy best completes this list? Governmen Country Economy t United Free Democratic States Market Cuba Communist? 10. List the three main three main tenets of capitalism code: According to the theory of Social Darwinism, who will always come out on top? 12. Give an example of cultural diffusion. 13. What did the United Nations charter originally set out to accomplish? 14. What was the main reason for the creation of the United Nations? 15. What was the primary purpose of the United Nations? 16. What is the difference between a Communist command economy and a free market economy? 17. What is production based on in a traditional economy? 18. Where would the country of Venezuela be placed on this spectrum?

4 19. How did (NAFTA) affect tariffs on trade? 20. In what system does the government control all of the means of production, including private property, and make all decisions on how resources are to be used? code: Based on private property, supply and demand, and unregulated markets, it is a system where the common good is maximized when all members of society are allowed to pursue their rational self-interest. What type of economy is described in this definition? 22. Who owns the means of production in a socialist economy? 23. Which economy best replaces the question mark?

5 24. Use the diagram to answer the question. Which economy best replaces the question mark? 25. Use the newspaper headline to answer the question. The government s action stated in this newspaper headline is an example of which type of economy? 26. Selected economic programs of the second half of the twentieth century, The Soviet government planning agency, Gospian, set wages, prices, and production quotas - Chinese Five-Year economic plans emphasized large-scale industry and collectivizing agricultural production The government programs described are examples of which type of economy? 27. How did the Tran-Siberian Railroad impact the culture of the cities it was built around?

6 28. Which characteristic most influences the location of industrial centers in the United Kingdom? 29. Which climatic event completes the diagram below? 30. Which geographic factor has most influenced the cultures of the Sahara? code: What is a common characteristic of the Pampas in South America and the Steppes in Mongolia? 32. What is the primary reason the Inuit practice a traditional economy? To live in the Arctic Circle, Inuit communities employ skills that have been passed down for generations. Beginning in childhood, the Inuit learn to hunt, fish, and make tools from available materials. 33.The culture of the Inuit peoples of North America is based largely on what? 34. Which region of the world answers the question mark below? Characteristics of? Soil consisting primarily of desert, sand, and salt flats Arabic language Strong influence of Islamic religion 35. What has been created by the flooding of the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra river systems?

7 36. Why have European cities like Rome, Paris, and London became major economic and population centers? 37. Europe is a small continent with extensive railroad connections and integrated highway systems. What is the result of this? 38. Japanese engineers have constructed buildings with new technology. The new technology allows the Japanese to build buildings designed specifically to escape which kind of catastrophe that is common in Japan? 39. How are trade, international law, diplomacy, and economic incentives similar? 40.The growth of UNICEF, the Red Cross, and doctors without borders best reflects which social impact of globalization? code: Based on this excerpt, which term describes the Ottoman treatment of Armenians? The deportation of and excesses against peaceful Armenians is increasing, and from harrowing reports of eyewitnesses it appears that a campaign of race extermination is in progress.... Henry Morgenthau, Sr., U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, Prior to the torture and murder of six million Jews in World War II, which ethnic group suffered 1 million murders during World War I? 43. How did the Allies help Japan rebuild after World War II 44. Describe Romesh Dutt s view of the impact of imperialism on India? 45. How has deforestation affected modern societies, especially in South America?

8 46.. Reasons for migrations of people are described as push factors and pull factors. Which was a pull factor for many immigrants coming to the United States between 1780 and 1850? 47. After gaining independence, many Latin American countries failed to unify. What was an obstacle to their unification? 48. How did the Industrial Revolution affect economic relationships among nations? 49. What are the main characteristics of a traditional economic system? 50. How do economic alliances, such as the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), affect international affairs? code: How could the use of high-interest loans affect a person s financial health? 52. In contrast to a democracy, what form of government uses the military to maintain power against the people s consent? 53. How do governments influence art and literature in nondemocratic societies? 54. What can be concluded about the impact of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Southern Africa as of 2006? 55. Which factor was the motivation for the settlement of coastal regions of West Africa during the Age of Exploration?

9 56. Weaknesses of Imperial Power - Napolean s invasion of Spain - divisions among social classes - desire for independent, democratic government - desire for economic independence What might be the result of the above factors? 57. Describe Thomas Jefferson s view of a republican government 58. Montisqieu believed that all people should be given the right to do what? 59. Innovations are normally the creation of business people. Joseph Schumpter, Economic Theorist, 1911 With which economic theory would Joseph Schumpter most likely have agreed? 60. Sources of Water Pollution in Country X Based on the chart above, what could Country X do to reduce water pollution by the greatest amount. code: Based on it Statutes in 1961, what impact would OPEC have on global trade?

10 62. How did Spanish leaders in Latin America misuse the Encomienda System? 63. What was the result of imperialism in Africa? 64. What was a common cause of the epidemic of the 1918 Spanish Influenza? 65. Summarize Montesqieu s views of the separation of powers within a government? 66. In 1916, Gandhi gave a speech about the way in which governments rule their people. What view did he express in his speech? 67. How does the caste system affect the economy in parts of South Asia? 68. Which condition is a major obstacle to economic development in the Middle East and Northern Africa? 69. Describe the basic ideas of the Enlightenment. 70. In France, a person drinks coffee imported from Brazil, works at a computer made in Japan, and uses gasoline from Saudi Arabia in a German automobile. This situation is a perfect example of which term? code: During which time period is Europe said to have awakened from a deep sleep? 72. What was the primary interest of writers of the Enlightenment Era? 73. The abolition of slavery was based on which Enlightenment idea?

11 74. In 1899, Rudyard Kipling composed a poem called The White Man s Burden. This is an excerpt from the poem Which idea about imperialism is reflected in Kipling s poem? 75. Why is World War II considered to be a turning point in history? 76. What is one reason the Holocaust is considered a unique event in modern human history? 77. Describe the effectiveness of the League of Nations in its aims to achieve international peace. 78. How have terrorist groups and their movements impacted society in various countries? 79. What major purpose summarizes the goals of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), the Organization of American States (OAS), and the European Union (EU)

12 80. What is the main idea of this cartoon?

13 Grade 7 Social Studies common exam review guide- Answer key (in bold print) code: In a command economy, decisions about production are made by the. Government 2. Which type of government best completes the diagram? monarchy 3. In which political structure is power granted to the government by consent of the people and government must follow rules and regulations? Constitutional democracy 4. Which statement is supported by this headline? Cultural traditions can influence political issues 5. Unlike the official language of most South American countries whose language is Spanish, the official language of Brazil is: portuguese 6. The Arabic language is native to which region? The Middle East

14 7. Many Europeans believed that their advanced technology made them superior to people whose societies were not technologically advanced. This concept is most closely associated with which theory? Social Darwinism 8. Which religion is the most common and influential in Latin American cultures? Roman Catholic 9. Which economy best completes this list? Command Governmen Country Economy t United Free Democratic States Market Cuba Communist? 10. List the three main three main tenets of capitalism. Private ownership, investing for profit, free competition code: According to the theory of Social Darwinism, who will always come out on top? The most talented people 12. Give an example of cultural diffusion. Young people dance to rock music in Russia. 13. What did the United Nations charter originally set out to accomplish? To encourage member countries to settle their disagreements peacefully 14. What was the main reason for the creation of the United Nations? To provide a forum for international diplomacy 15. What was the primary purpose of the United Nations? To create a diplomatic forum to achieve peace 16. What is the difference between a Communist command economy and a free market economy? Governments control factors of production in Communist command economies 17. What is production based on in a traditional economy? Cultural customs

15 18. Where would the country of Venezuela be placed on this spectrum? How did (NAFTA) affect tariffs on trade? It reduced tariff rates between member nations 20. In what system does the government control all of the means of production, including private property, and make all decisions on how resources are to be used? communism code: Based on private property, supply and demand, and unregulated markets, it is a system where the common good is maximized when all members of society are allowed to pursue their rational self-interest. What type of economy is described in this definition? Free enterprise 22. Who owns the means of production in a socialist economy? The government 23. Which economy best replaces the question mark? Traditional economy

16 24. Use the diagram to answer the question. Which economy best replaces the question mark? Command economy 25. Use the newspaper headline to answer the question. The government s action stated in this newspaper headline is an example of which type of economy? Mixed economy 26. Selected economic programs of the second half of the twentieth century, The Soviet government planning agency, Gospian, set wages, prices, and production quotas - Chinese Five-Year economic plans emphasized large-scale industry and collectivizing agricultural production The government programs described are examples of which type of economy? Command economy

17 27. How did the Tran-Siberian Railroad impact the culture of the cities it was built around? It changed the communities from scattered furtrading posts and villages near coal mines and allowed new cities to develop. 28. Which characteristic most influences the location of industrial centers in the United Kingdom? Near North Atlantic shipping routes 29. Which climatic event completes the diagram below? Tsunami 30. Which geographic factor has most influenced the cultures of the Sahara? Arid conditions require adaptation to a harsh climate code: What is a common characteristic of the Pampas in South America and the Steppes in Mongolia? They are grasslands that support raising livestock 32. What is the primary reason the Inuit practice a traditional economy? They inhabit a terrain with extreme climate To live in the Arctic Circle, Inuit communities employ skills that have been passed down for generations. Beginning in childhood, the Inuit learn to hunt, fish, and make tools from available materials. 33.The culture of the Inuit peoples of North America is based largely on what? Hunting in harsh environments

18 34. Which region of the world answers the question mark below? Southwest Asia Characteristics of? Soil consisting primarily of desert, sand, and salt flats Arabic language Strong influence of Islamic religion 35. What has been created by the flooding of the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra river systems? Fertile alluvial plains 36. Why have European cities like Rome, Paris, and London became major economic and population centers? They were founded near rivers 37. Europe is a small continent with extensive railroad connections and integrated highway systems. What is the result of this? Easy exchange of goods and resources among European cities 38. Japanese engineers have constructed buildings with new technology. The new technology allows the Japanese to build buildings designed specifically to escape which kind of catastrophe that is common in Japan? earthquakes 39. How are trade, international law, diplomacy, and economic incentives similar? All are important methods nation-states use to interact with one another 40.The growth of UNICEF, the Red Cross, and doctors without borders best reflects which social impact of globalization? Humanitarian aid code: Based on this excerpt, which term describes the Ottoman treatment of Armenians? genocide The deportation of and excesses against peaceful Armenians is increasing, and from harrowing reports of eyewitnesses it appears that a campaign of race extermination is in progress.... Henry Morgenthau, Sr., U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, 1916

19 42. Prior to the torture and murder of six million Jews in World War II, which ethnic group suffered 1 million murders during World War I? The Armenians 43. How did the Allies help Japan rebuild after World War II The Allies sent military forces to rebuild Japan s government and economic structures 44. Describe Romesh Dutt s view of the impact of imperialism on India? Imperilism helped the people of India by advancing and modernizing their government institutions 45. How has deforestation affected modern societies, especially in South America? It has destroyed wildlife habitats in the region 46.. Reasons for migrations of people are described as push factors and pull factors. Which was a pull factor for many immigrants coming to the United States between 1780 and 1850? Job opportunities 47. After gaining independence, many Latin American countries failed to unify. What was an obstacle to their unification? Geography made it difficult to build an infrastructure that would bring the regions together 48. How did the Industrial Revolution affect economic relationships among nations? It promoted a greater degree of interdependence 49. What are the main characteristics of a traditional economic system? Direct trade, no competition, relies on customs 50. How do economic alliances, such as the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), affect international affairs? They increase trade among member nations code: How could the use of high-interest loans affect a person s financial health? High-interest loans can be difficult to pay back, which will make it harder to get future loans 52. In contrast to a democracy, what form of government uses the military to maintain power against the people s consent? dictatorship

20 53. How do governments influence art and literature in nondemocratic societies? Citizens are commonly exposed to art and literature in the form of propaganda 54. What can be concluded about the impact of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Southern Africa as of 2006? The number of deaths from AIDS has created many political crises and unresolved issues in southern African countries 55. Which factor was the motivation for the settlement of coastal regions of West Africa during the Age of Exploration? Economic opportunity 56. Weaknesses of Imperial Power - Napolean s invasion of Spain - divisions among social classes - desire for independent, democratic government - desire for economic independence What might be the result of the above factors? revolution 57. Describe Thomas Jefferson s view of a republican government. The power of the government rest with the body of its citizens 58. Montisqieu believed that all people should be given the right to do what? Vote for their leaders 59. Innovations are normally the creation of business people. Joseph Schumpter, Economic Theorist, 1911 With which economic theory would Joseph Schumpter most likely have agreed? capitalism

21 60. Sources of Water Pollution in Country X Based on the chart above, what could Country X do to reduce water pollution by the greatest amount. Create a water filtration system for sewage code: Based on it Statutes in 1961, what impact would OPEC have on global trade? It would control oil prices throughout the world. 62. How did Spanish leaders in Latin America misuse the Encomienda System? Land was taken from the inhabitants and the natives were enslaved 63. What was the result of imperialism in Africa? Foreigners used the most fertile land and took wealth out of the country 64. What was a common cause of the epidemic of the 1918 Spanish Influenza? Migration of peoples from affected areas to different parts of the world. 65. Summarize Montesqieu s views of the separation of powers within a government? Government should be divided so that it remains fair to its citizens

22 66. In 1916, Gandhi gave a speech about the way in which governments rule their people. What view did he express in his speech? Governments bring the decline of their nations by enforcing rules with violence 67. How does the caste system affect the economy in parts of South Asia? A division of labor determined by the caste system determines one s type of job 68. Which condition is a major obstacle to economic development in the Middle East and Northern Africa? Scarcity of water resources 69. Describe the basic ideas of the Enlightenment. All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life and liberty 70. In France, a person drinks coffee imported from Brazil, works at a computer made in Japan, and uses gasoline from Saudi Arabia in a German automobile. This situation is a perfect example of which term? interdependence code: During which time period is Europe said to have awakened from a deep sleep? The Renaissance 72. What was the primary interest of writers of the Enlightenment Era? Changing the relationship between people and their government 73. The abolition of slavery was based on which Enlightenment idea? Liberty as a natural right of man

23 74. In 1899, Rudyard Kipling composed a poem called The White Man s Burden. This is an excerpt from the poem Which idea about imperialism is reflected in Kipling s poem? Europeans felt a responsibility to care for the world s undeveloped nations 75. Why is World War II considered to be a turning point in history? European domination of the world began to weaken as nationalism in the colonies increased 76. What is one reason the Holocaust is considered a unique event in modern human history? The genocide was well planned and required the cooperation of many people 77. Describe the effectiveness of the League of Nations in its aims to achieve international peace. The League of Nations was ineffectiveness as evidenced by the relatively short time lapse between World War I and the start of World War II. 78. How have terrorist groups and their movements impacted society in various countries? Terrorists create panic by breaking basic rules of society and attempting to destroy the social systems of target countries 79. What major purpose summarizes the goals of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), the Organization of American States (OAS), and the European Union (EU)? To encourage political and economic cooperation between member nations

24 80. What is the main idea of this cartoon? Japan maintains a favorable balance of trade by restricting foreign imports