Some are Doing Well How Well? (India vs. China)

Transcription

1 Sharif Azami

2 Millennium Development Goals Some are Doing Well How Well? (India vs. China) Some are Still Struggling Afghanistan Q/A

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4 Prior to economic and food crises, the number of people living under $ 1.25 a day poverty line declined to 1.4 billion in 2007 from 1.8. in 1990 By target date 1 billion people are projected to remain in poverty. Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

5 Children of primary school age who are out of school have dropped by 33 million globally since million children were denied the right to education in By target date 29 million students may still be out of school. Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

6 For every 100 boys in 2007, 95 girls were enrolled in primary school in 2007, compared to 91 in 1999 (initial target was 2005, but missed). Over 100 countries have yet to reach gender parity as girls to boys enrolment ratio. The gender gap is more evident in secondary school enrollment; in Sub-Saharan Africa it fell from 82 in 1999 to 79 in Girls outnumber boys in higher education, except in poorer regions: at tertiary level it rose from 96 in 1999 to 108 in Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

7 Global under-5 mortality rate was 67 deaths per 1,000 in 2007 from 93 in In million young children died from preventable or treatable causes, compared to 9 million today.

8 Every year, 536,000 women and girls die as a result of complications during pregnancy, childbirth or the six weeks following delivery (99% occur in development countries 85% in sub- Saharan Africa and South Asia). Little progress in the developing world (480 maternal deaths per 100,000 births in 1990, compared to 450 in 2005). Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

9 The number of people newly infected with HIA peaked in 1996 and has since declined to 2.7 million a year in In 2007, an estimated 33 million people were living with HIA. Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

10 Greenhouse gas effect: a rise in global temperatures that is already having an impact on the planet s people, plants and animals. Carbon dioxide emission increased to 29 million metric tons, 2.5% increase from 2005 and 31% increase from GDP/capita Co2 emissions are 12 metric tons a year in industrialized countries, compared to about 3 metric tons in Sub-Saharan Africa. Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

11 Official development assistance increased 10.2% to billion in Total aid remains well below the UN target of 0.7% of national income. Only Denmark, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden reached or exceeded this target in U.S. was the largest donor by amount in Source: Millennium Development Goals 2009 Report:

12 Country Period Poverty National H (%) Population Estimated number of people below poverty line People out of poverty India million million billion million million million China million million billion million million 1.06 billion My own analysis Data source: World Development Indicators World Bank

13 Country Productivity per worker Agriculture productivity per hectare Rate of urbanization (of % total population) GDP GDP per capita India 56.12% % 24.24% 308.7% % China % % % % % The elasticity of productivity per worker to poverty The elasticity of poverty reduction to productivity for HA Country Elasticity of GDP toward poverty reduction The elasticity of GDP per capita to poverty reduction India China My own analysis Data source: World Development Indicators World Bank

14 100% 90% 80% 70% Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$) 60% 50% Industry, value added (constant 2000 US$) 40% 30% Agriculture, value added (constant 2000 US$) 20% 10% 0% My own analysis Data source: World Development Indicators World Bank

15 100% 90% 80% Services, etc., value added (constant 2000 US$) 70% 60% 50% Industry, value added (constant 2000 US$) Agriculture, value added (constant 2000 US$) 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% My own analysis Data source: World Development Indicators World Bank

16 Sri Lanka (26 Years of War - 300,000 Civilians Displaced) Somalia (1.5 Civilians Displaced 250,000 in Dadaab Refugee Camp in Kenya) Pakistan - Swaat (2.5 to 3 Million Civilians Displaced in 2009)

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18 High level of violence, crimes, insecurity, and instability Increased in opium production Extreme poverty and suffering throughout the country Inadequate administrative capacity and resources High level of administrative corruption Absence of the rule of law Increasing rate of unemployment Absence of credit and savings to boost the local economy High level of illiteracy and absence of human capital Absence of infrastructure i.e. health facilities, schools, roads, electricity

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