Forging the National Economy ( ) Chapter 14

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1 Forging the National Economy ( ) Chapter What did Ralph Waldo Emerson mean in 1844 when he said, Europe stretches to the Alleghenies; America lies beyond? ** Bonus After reading the section on Westward Movement pp , write a paragraph of at least four sentences that captures the essence of the myth vs. the reality of the American West (1830s-1850 s) 2. Give examples of America s ecological imperialism in the Antebellum West 3. George Catlin Who was he and what was his dream? 4. General Population characteristics of the U.S. (1860) - How many states? - Total Population? (Chart) - Rank amongst western nations? - How quickly was the population doubling? Why? - Decades of the 1840 s and 1850 s, how many Irish came? How many Germans? 1.5 million 5. Using the chart on p. 290 Describe where the center of America s population is in 1860, in 1940 and in What caused the change between 1860 and 1940? If you can, guess at the cause for the change between 1940 and Antebellum Cities (1830 s-1850 s) Identify the unique characteristics of the following cities by 1860 New Orleans, Chicago, Boston and New York. Describe the typical city of this period. 7. Why did so many immigrants emigrate in the two decades prior to the Civil War?

2 8. The Irish Why did they flee to the Shores of America and why were they despised upon arrival? How did eventually move up the ladder of economic and political success? 9. Germans Why were many called 48ers? Where did they settle and what cultural characteristics did they contribute to America? Who were the Amish and where did they settle? 10. Nativism Know-Nothing Party: What did Native or Old Stock Americans fear in these new immigrant groups? What did they do to try to stop the huge influx of immigrants? 11. Industrial Revolution When did the industrial revolution begin in England and what inventions started their industrialization? - Why did it take nearly 50 years to start in the US? - Who was known as the Father of Factory System in America? Why? - What needed to be invented to make the Spinning jenny useable? Who invented it? 12. Cotton Gin (1801) Why was this invention significant to the course of American History? 13. Why was New England ideal for the Manufacturing revolution of the Antebellum period ( )?

3 14. Early 19 th Century Inventions State the invention and their significant impacts Person Invention (Year) Significant Impact Eli Whitney Elias Howe Isaac Singer Samuel Morse 15. Define the economic concepts of limited liability and free incorporation and explain how they enabled the manufacturing revolution 16. Labor during Jacksonian Era What were working condition like in early NE mill towns of the 1820 and 1830 s - Why couldn t labor unions address these concerns? - What right was given the male laborer in the 30 s that began the process of change? - What did Workingmen s Parties push for? - Commonwealth vs. Hunt (1842) What did the court rule and how effective was this decision in the short term? - What did Martin Van Buren do for the federal employee? hr. workday Women in Antebellum America ( ) 17. Lowell Factories Characterize what life was like for women in these New England factories.

4 18. What other jobs outside of the home were the sphere of women? How many women worked outside the home by 1850? 19. Cult of Domesticity Define. 20. What elements of domestic feminism tempered this Cult of Domesticity? Agricultural Revolution 21. Define how these inventions impacted agricultural production - Steel Plow (1837- John Deere) Mechanical reaper (1830 s Cyrus McCormick) Transportation Revolution ( ) ) Fill in the following chart concerning 19 th century transportation inventions Invention Year / Decade (s) Significant impact Turnpikes steamboats canals Railroads Clipper Ships Pony Express Telegraph 22. How did the transportation revolution impact America s economic picture? 23. What was the Market Revolution and how did it impact the home

5 24. What are the theme/themes of this chapter? Provide at least three specific examples of that theme(s).

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