Indonesia s Chairmanship of ASEAN 2011 and Future Relations of ASEAN-Australia

Transcription

1 Indonesia s Chairmanship of ASEAN 2011 and Future Relations of ASEAN-Australia Monash Asia Institute, Monash University H. E. Ngurah Swajaya Ambassador/ Permanent Representative of the Republic of Indonesia to ASEAN

2 Establishment of ASEAN Prior to ASEAN establishment : 1960s Inter-state relations : Indonesia-Malaysia (Konfrontasi ), Territorial Dispute between Philippines-Malaysia over Sabah Singapore secession from Malaysia Internal conflicts in Mindanao, Southern Thailand Unresolved territorial disputes Unfinished territorial demarcation and delimitation Political-Security dimension : Cold War Inter-state conflicts, proxy wars Indochina War : Vietnam, Laos Cambodia Diversity in political and legal system Socio-economic dimension : - Poverty - Small combined GDP and weak economic growth Past Organizations in the Region: SEATO ASA Maphilindo ASPAC

3 Establishment of ASEAN : Bangkok Declaration Signed in Bangkok, 1967 by 5 Countries (Indonesia, Singapore, Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand) Emphasis of cooperation in the economic, social, cultural, technical, educational and other fields, promotion of regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law and adherence to the principles of the UN Charter. Representing the collective will of the nations of Southeast Asia to bind themselves together in friendship and cooperation and, through joint efforts and sacrifices, secure for their peoples and for posterity the blessings of peace, freedom and prosperity Non-Interference principle

4 Political Diversity in ASEAN Total Land: km² GDP : US$ billion Islamic Monarchy Total land: 5,765 GDP: 12.4 Constitutional Monarchy Total land: 181,035 GDP: 11.6 Republic Total Land: 1,860,360 GDP: Socialist Republic Total Land: 331,212 GDP: Peoples Republic Total Land: 236,800 GDP: 6.5 Constitutional Monarchy Total Land: 513,120 GDP: Constitutional Monarchy Total Land: 330, 252 GDP: 238 Republic Total Land: 710 GDP: Republic Total Land: 300,000 GDP: Transition to civilian Government Total Land: 676,577 GDP: 45.4 Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at

5 ASEAN AT PRESENT Myanmar Lao PDR 4,5 Million km² (3% of the earth) Population of 599 million (8.8%of the whole population in the world) GDP of US$ 1.8 Trillion (3 rd largest ) Viet Nam Thailand Philippines Total FDI: US$ 76,2 Billion Cambodia Total Tourists: 73,8 Million Brunei Darussalam Malaysia Chairman of ASEAN is invited to the G20 Singapore INDONESIA Stable during the 2008 Crisis 5000 personnel Peace-keeping Force Almost 50% of the world sea trade

6 The Consolidation and Transformation of ASEAN ASEAN Charter: Rules Based Organization Bali Concorde II: ASEAN Community Political-Security Community Economic Community Socio-Cultural Community 2003 Bali Concord II = ASEAN Community 2011 ASEAN Community in a Global Community of Nations Bali Concorde I: First ASEAN Summit (1976) Treaty of Amity and Cooperation Establishment of the ASEAN Secretariat 1976 Bali Concord 1967 Bangkok Declaration

7 ASEAN Achievements in the Past 45 Years ASEAN Community 2015 SEANWFZ TAC Establishment of the AICHR Cooperation in the combat against Trans-national crime AFTA Chiang Mai Initiative Multilateralisation ASEAN Plus Three Emergency Rice Reserve Intra-ASEAN Tourism Establishment of the AHA Center ASEAN Declaration on the Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers Disaster Management (Nargis)

8 Indonesia s Chairmanship in 2011 Deepen and widen cooperation to attain the objectives of ASEAN Community building on past experience and successes; Promote the evolving regional architecture to create conducive environment to the pursuit of development and establish dynamic equilibrium with ASEAN in the driver seat; Start deliberation on post-2015 vision for ASEAN, ASEAN Community in a Global Community of Nations;

9 Bali concord III - Shared vision and coordinated action on various global issues of common interest and concern; - A more coordinated, cohesive, and coherent ASEAN position on global issues of common interest and concern based on a shared ASEAN global view; - An enhanced capacity to contribute and respond to key global issues of common interest and concern which would benefit all ASEAN Member States and its peoples; Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership - Establish an ASEAN-led process to engage with interested ASEAN FTA partners and other external partners to establish a regional comprehensive economic partnership agreements; - Provide a broader and deeper engagement with significant improvements over existing ASEAN FTAs/CEP with Dialogue Partners - Puts forward economic and technical cooperation to maximise the benefits for the implementation of the agreement; - Contribute to ASEAN Economic integration, equitable economic development and strengthening economic cooperation between ASEAN and its partners Bali Principles for Mutually Beneficial Relations - Ensuring the East Asia Summit (EAS) as a Leaders-led forum for dialogue on broad strategic, political and economic issues of common interest and concern; - Reaffirming ASEAN role as the driving force in EAS; - Welcoming the participation of Russia and the United States - Ensuring the EAS is guided by the ASEAN established principles, objectives and modalities

10 Outcomes of Indonesia s Chairmanship 2011 Political Security Economic Socio- Culture Progress on Human Rights Declaration The Protocol of SEANWFZ Treaty ASEAN Institute for Peace and Reconciliation Myanmar Maritime Cooperation Visa Cooperation South China Sea TAC Master Plan on the ASEAN Connectivity East Asia Summit Framework Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership AHA Centre Migrant Workers ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Women

11 DP since: 1996 Trade: 232,013 % of trade: 11.6 FDI: 8,893 Tourist arrival: 5,417 Status: Strategic Partnership POA: ASEAN+1 Regional Architecture DP since: 1991 Trade: 98,628 % of trade: 4.8 FDI: 6,712,2 Tourist arrival: 3,286 Status: Strategic Partnership POA: DP since: 1977 Trade: 206,637 % of trade: 10.5 FDI: 16,278 Tourist arrival: 3,351 Status: Strategic Partnership POA: DP since: 1995 Trade: 39,115.8 % of trade: 2.7 FDI: 3,942 Tourist arrival: 2,478.3 Status: Partnership POA: DP since: 1972 Trade: % of trade: 11.2 FDI: 33, Tourist arrival: 6,971 Status: Enhanced Partnership POA: Data: 2010 Trade Value: USD million FDI Value: USD million Tourist arrival: thousand arrivls Dialogue Partners with FTA Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at

12 ASEAN+1 DP since: 1977 Trade: % of trade: 9.7 FDI: 16,182.4 Tourist arrival: 2,680.2 Status: Enhanced Partnership POA: DP since: 1977 Trade: 9,039.6 % of trade: 0.6 FDI: 2,806 Tourist arrival: Status: Strategic Partnership POA: Data: 2010 Trade Value: USD million FDI Value: USD million Tourist arrival: thousand arrivals Dialogue Partners with FTA Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at DP since: 1991 Trade: 9,064 % of trade: 0.4 FDI: Tourist arrival: 93 Status: Progressive and Comprehensive Partnership POA: DP since: 1974 Trade: 55,426 % of trade: 2,9 FDI: 3,328.4 Tourist arrival: 3,465 Status: Comprehensive Partnership POA: DP since: 1975 Trade: 5,376.2 % of trade: 0.3 FDI: Tourist arrival: 292 Status: Strategic Partnership POA:

13 ASEAN LED REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE BUILDING ASEAN Plus Three (APT) Established: 1997 Participating countries: 13 Member states Areas of Cooperation: Food and energy security, Financial cooperation, Trade facilitation, Disaster management, People-topeople contacts, Narrowing the development gap, Rural development and poverty alleviation, Communicable diseases, Environment and sustainable development, and Transnational crime ADMM-Plus Established: 2010 Participating countries: 18 Member States Objectives: - To benefit ASEAN in building capacity to address shared security challenges. -To promote mutual trust and confidence. -To enhance regional peace and stability. -To adopt greater outward-looking external relation strategies. ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) Established: 1994 Participating Countries: 27 Member States Objectives: - To foster constructive dialogue and consultation on political and security issues of common interest and concern; and -To make significant contributions to efforts towards confidencebuilding and preventive diplomacy in the Asia- Pacific region. East Asia Summit (EAS) Established: 2005 Participating Countries: 18 Member States Broad strategic, political and economic issues of common interest and concern. Priority Areas of Cooperation: - Poverty Eradication -Finance -Education - Environment & Climate Change - Global Health and Pandemic -CEPEA

14 ASEAN Australia Australia and ASEAN signed the Joint Declaration on the ASEAN-Australia Comprehensive Partnership in 2007 Plan of Action to implement the Comprehensive Partnership provides a framework for engagement from , covering political and security, economic, socio-cultural and development cooperation Australia participates in ASEAN Leaders Meetings at the ARF, EAS and ASEAN-Australia Commemorative Meeting. Regular Meetings of ASEAN and Australia: ASEAN-Australia PMC (Ministerial Level), ASEAN-Australia JCC (CPR Level), ASEAN-Australia Forum (SOM Level). ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) entered into force on 1 January It is the Largest FTA Australia has entered into, and the most comprehensive FTA that ASEAN has signed which totaled $82.9 billion (14.4 per cent of Australia's total trade) ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Program (AADCP) is an A$67 million program designed to help ASEAN realise its goal of an economic community by 2015

15 ASEAN Top 10 Trade Partners Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at

16 ASEAN Top 10 Sources of Foreign Direct Investments Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at

17 ASEAN Top 10 Tourists Arrivals Source: ASEAN Stats accessed at

18 Conclusions - For the past 44 years, ASEAN contributes to the maintenance of peace and security in the region and has been growing as economically potential region; - Transformation from ASEAN Way to Rules-Based requires a strengthened institutional and human capacities; - ASEAN has been playing a critical role in the development of regional architecture; - Strengthened and Integrated ASEAN would enable it to continue playing as centrality role in the regional architecture building; -The adoption of Bali Concord III and Bali Principles for Mutually Beneficial Relations represents ASEAN s confident to contribute beyond establishing ASEAN Community along with the principles governing the regional architecture building; -Australia, one of the longest Dialogue Partner, together with ASEAN has been strengthening the Regional Architecture -Australia can contribute in developing ASEAN Connectivity especially in Air and Maritime Transportation also ICT to further enhance its Comprehensive Partnership

19 Thank you