World Migration in Figures

Transcription

1 World Migration in Figures Strengthening Evidence - Improving Policy Bela Hovy Chief, Migration Section, Population Division Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) United Nations, New York Side event to the High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development Organized by DESA, UNICEF and OECD Thursday, 3 October pm Conference Room A, Conference Building, UNHQ, New York

2 Overview of Population Division estimates Trends in International Migrant Stock 2005 revision (destination, M/F) 2008 (destination, M/F) 2013 (destination, M/F, age, origin) 2013 expansion made possible by UNICEF (funding) and World Bank (data sharing)

3 Who is a migrant? Foreign-born: living in another country than where she was born (if not available, foreign citizens) Refugees and irregular migration included Main source: population censuses Advantages: objective, measurable Disadvantages: generally, not a measure of flows, reasons, mobility,

4 The international migrant stock is increasing International migrant stock, (millions) Proportion of international migrants in total population 2.9% 2.8% % % growth rate (442) growth rate (513) growth rate (415) United Nations, Population Division/DESA Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision

5 South-South migration is as common as South-North migration International migrant stock, 2013 (millions) North 81.9million (35%) South 53.7 million (23%) million (36%) North 13.7 million (6%) South United Nations, Population Division/DESA Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision

6 More than seven out of ten international migrants are of working-age International migrant stock by age, 2013 (millions) Age United Nations, Population Division/DESA Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision

7 International migration: Major policy challenges Brain drain Emigration of skilled persons Undocumented migration/ human rights Insufficient channels for legal migration Protection and respect of the human rights of all migrants Trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants High tangible costs of migration Lack of portability (skills, social security, diplomas, ) Recruitment fees Costs of transferring remittances United Nations, Population Division/DESA

8 (1) 5 x 5 initiative Reducing costs of transferring remittances 5 percentage points in 5 year Costs are falling, but sufficient to reach target? Source: Quarterly surveys, see Include similar target in post-2015 development agenda? Develop similar target for reducing recruitment costs?

9 What migration goals and targets? Area Target Indicator Refugees Migrants, refugees Human rights Trafficking and smuggling Integration achieve durable solutions, prevention (zero cases) Meet quota (arr., dep.) 100% ratification? HR violations? Discrimination? Zero cases Naturalization? Voting rights? Health, employment # of cases # of ratifications # of migrants, refugees Ratification of conventions No. of cases prosecuted? Access to social services, labour market, Remittance costs 5x5 Avg. transaction costs Recruitment Reduction of costs Avg. recruitment costs Irregular migration Reduce # of irregular migrants # persons regularized United Nations, Population Division/DESA

10 (2) improve evidence base 2006 High-level Dialogue on International Migration and Development Various General Assembly resolutions 32 out of 250 recommendations of the Global Forum on Migration and Development ( ) on improving data United Nations, Population Division/DESA

11 Four out of ten African countries do not provide basic migration data Percentage of countries with data on sex, age and origin since 2000 census round Total & Sex Age Origin Africa Asia Europe Latin America & Caribbean Northern America Oceania Source: Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2013 Revision

12 How? Improve censuses National statistical offices, DESA (SD, PD) Exploit administrative data Ministries in charge of migration (permits, visa) Leverage surveys DHS, ILO, World Bank, MICS (UNICEF) Provide access to micro-data IPUMS, Build capacity Mobilize resources Involve Global Migration Group