Notes on Central America to Seeking Justice Program Pete Bohmer, 10/3/02

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Notes on Central America to Seeking Justice Program Pete Bohmer, 10/3/02"

Transcription

1 Notes on Central America to Seeking Justice Program Pete Bohmer, 10/3/02 Central America I. Demographics of Central America (approximate) for 1998 to 2000 Population (millions) Area 000 s sq. miles Economy Guatemala Coffee, banana, cotton, maquilas, sugar, tourism Belize 0.3? Sugar, tourism Honduras 6 43 Bananas, coffee El Coffee, Salvador remittances Nicaragua Coffee, cotton, sugar, timber, banana Coasta Rica Coffee, banana, sugar, tourism Panama 3? Sugar, fresh druit, other Infant Mortality/000 under 5 Income Per Capita HDI* 56 $ $ $ $ $ *HDI = human development index; it combines life expectancy, adult literacy, school enrollment and per capita income adjusted for purchasing power (but not distribution) Canada = 1; France, 2; U.S, 4; Niger, 173; Sierra Leone, 174. Sources: Walter Lafeber, Inevitable Revolutions Human Development Report 1998

2 (mainly talk about Guatemala, Nicaragua and El Salvador today) II. Political economy of Central America A. Why massive poverty in Central America improvement in life expectancy, infant mortality in most countries over last 40 years but ½ or more of population absolutely poor in Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Honduras? B. Political Economy and Political Economic Analysis Analysis of a society that is historical, that focuses on the internal and external power relationships and structures. Does not separate the political from the economic but rather examines the relations between the organization of the economy (production and distribution of goods and services) with the state. Focus on class relationships and their interrelation with gender and race relations. Key is dynamics of capitalism. Political economy is influenced by Marxism. C. Specifics for Central America 1. Class structure a. Prior to Spanish private property in land unknown b. Going back to Spanish colonization--latifundia, Haciendas Indian population forced to work for Spanish and criollos. Class relation based on force, racism. c. Indian and most mestizos did not have enough land to provide for their families had to work on haciendas, plantations, used force to keep wages low By class relations, I mean primarily relations of production, 2. Production for export increased taking of land by wealthy bananas, cotton, coffee, cattle, sugar, cotton a. Wealth ended up with local oligarchs (elites) El Salvador s 40 families; foreign producers (United Fruit in Honduras, Guatemala,), Importers and foreign investment, primarily Britain in 19th century, Increasingly U.S. in 20th century products have changed, today growth of light industry but still for export b. Hunger and exports of agricultural goods. Less good consumption in Guatemala today for majority than pre conquest.

3 c. Lack of development, human and economic d. The case of coffee, hunger and starvation today, see Oxfam report Alternative, producing more for local market, agriculture and other goods Extreme poverty of majority makes production for local market difficult 3. Class structure and struggle Central America is increasingly becoming urban, Guatemala, Honduras over 40%, others over 50. still main economic relation is between farmworker/campesino and landowner. Struggle over land, wages, conditions, rights to unionize. Huge informal sector (selling on street, not covered by laws, most of urban population). Also upper class in banking, importing, e.g., cars.. Also urban working class, small industry, processing. State has supported oligarchy, although differences, some more industrial 4. Unequal development, wealth and poverty develop together on a global scale. III. U.S. intervention in Central America, past and present A. Key concept imperialism political economic domination of one society by another, usually to economically benefit a powerful group or class in the dominant country. U.S. imperialism in Central America for 100 since late 1800 s. National interest often use of state to supports interests of capitalist and upper class. B. Colonialism and neocolonialism Relation between domestic upper class, military of Central American countries and U.S. corporations and U.S. government has varied. In all cases, extreme repression to maintain power of wealthy whom U.S. has supported. C. U.S. domination and intervention Monroe Doctrine no intervention by other countries in Americas Panama Canal Roosevelt Doctrine (Teddy)-U.S.- to intervene to maintain order D. Nicaragua extreme case, Marines occupied Nicaragua, Trained national Guard, who killed Sandino, nationalist and anti-imperialist. Somoza family ruled from U.S. support, School of the Americas.

4 Guatemala 1954 Banana republics referred to power of United and Standard Fruit in CA, Honduras, Guatemala Grew to murderous level in 1980 s, National Security doctrine developed in U.S. IV. Revolution in Central America Continual resistance, e.g., cultural in Guatemala, labor movements in Honduras Let me briefly mention the following Anti-capitalist although alternatives not always spelled out. A. Nicaragua 1. Sandino-primarily anti-imperialist in 1920 s, early 30 s, pro worker and peasant 2. Growth of revolutionary movements in 1960 s worldwide, inspired by Cuban revolution, students very important, extreme repression. Formation of FSLN in late Armed struggle only option, liberation theology important, rural and urban struggle, many anti Somoza business elements joined. U.S. supported Somoza but did not fully oppose Sandinistas until after they won. Nica ruled by Somoza with large U.S. presence. 2b. Took power in 1979, 30,000 plus killed by Somoza. Victory inspired people all the world. Logic of the majority, literacy, democracy and mixed economy. Land reform, large private sector remained, didn t invest. Little support from Atlantic Coast, indigenous population, Miskitos. I was there in 1986 and 1988, hope but really difficult. Increasing Contra war against them, church and business against them, funded by U.S., organized by U.S. with bases in Honduras, Costa Rica.,World court ruled against U.S. Reagan as obsessed by Sandinistas as Bush administration by Iraq. U.S. sponsored terrorism, 40,000 dead. After 1984, increasing problems. Won elections in 1984, lost in U.S. made it clear would only recognize elections if Sandinistas lost, opposition party since with about 40%of vote. B. El Salvador and Guatemala 1. El Salvador Peasant uprising, led by El Salvador Communist Party,

5 , 000 killed, death sentence for wearing indigenous clothing. Ideas continued. Strong labor, student and peasant movements against oligarchy, the 14 families. Growth of armed movement linked to peasant movements. Formation of FMLN in 1970 s, controlled territory huge involvement by U.S., trainers, 6 billion dollars, 75,000 dead. Massacres like Guatemala. Some land reform to weaken left. Little selfidentified indigenous population. Peace Treaty in FMLN 2nd party in El Salvador. 2. Guatemala Revolutionary movements not as strong as Salvador, Guatemalan military stronger not as much direct intervention by U.S. like Salvador. Women played major role in Salvador Revolution also. Key counterrevolutionary strategy model villages, e.g., Modelo, see Men With Guns. used against Native Americans in U.S., 19th century, Vietnam, Forced Relocation camps. millions of displaced people form the war. also civilian patrols now being started in Colombia. Nominal civilian rule after mid 1980 s. Negotiations, Treaty Some indigenous rights recognized, little change on land. V. Solidarity Movement in the United States Key movements in 1980 s, solidarity with Nicaraguan revolution, 100,000 from U.S. went, from all over the world-stopped U.S. troops but couldn t stop the destructive nature of U.S. role against a really poor country many people haven t recover from 1990 loss, In Olympia, Thurston County Santa Tomas Sister County solidarity between the people of Santa Tomas and this county trips, bring delegations here, very impressive. Huge anti-intervention movement against U.S. role in Salvador, less strong with Guatemala. Chapters all over the country, CISPES-also big church presence, solidarity not just intervention but also supported the other side, different from today. CISPES Committee in Solidarity with the people of El Salvador, Larry Mosqueda, X6513 Nisgua solidarity with Guatemala, bringing a speaker here in October.

6 VI. The Current Situation A. Peace and the Peace Accords Peace but no Justice; Elections but no democracy B. Neoliberalism and neocolonialism Economic model of production for export, privatization, cut government spending, no regulations on capital, no or minimal rights for labor, Inequality is worsening as is poverty even in success story of El Salvador Growth of demoralization, crime, survival takes up most of time. C. Coffee and Hunger Price of coffee has fallen so low that there is mass hunger, starvation in Honduras, and Nicaragua. 30 cents pound, unstable, less than costs of production D. Hope Ideas of revolution exist, organizing of banana workers and indigenous movements in Guatemala, women s organizations in Nicaragua, growing anti-liberal and anti-capitalist movement in Latin America. Other references, Susanne Jonas, Of Centaurs and Doves, Guatemala Peace Process Tom Barry, Roots of Rebellion, Land and Hunger in Central America web-sites: Magazine, Report of the Americas, put out by NACLA

Roosevelts Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine Clayton- Bulwer Treaty Westward Expansion.

Roosevelts Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine Clayton- Bulwer Treaty Westward Expansion. Origins Westward Expansion Monroe Doctrine 1820 Clayton- Bulwer Treaty 1850 Roosevelts Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 1904 Manifest Destiny U.S. Independence & Westward Expansion Monroe Doctrine 1820

More information

Zapatista Women. And the mobilization of women s guerrilla forces in Latin America during the 20 th century

Zapatista Women. And the mobilization of women s guerrilla forces in Latin America during the 20 th century Zapatista Women And the mobilization of women s guerrilla forces in Latin America during the 20 th century Twentieth Century Latin America The Guerrilla Hero Over the course of the century, new revolutionary

More information

Chapter 25. Revolution and Independence in Latin America

Chapter 25. Revolution and Independence in Latin America Chapter 25 Revolution and Independence in Latin America Goals of Revolutionary Movements Develop representative governments Gain economic freedom (individual and National) Establish individual rights

More information

Warm ups *How would you describe the physical geography of Central America? *How would you describe the ethnic breakdown of the region?

Warm ups *How would you describe the physical geography of Central America? *How would you describe the ethnic breakdown of the region? Warm ups 10.21.2016 *How would you describe the physical geography of Central America? *How would you describe the ethnic breakdown of the region? Lesson Objective: *describe the distribution of wealth

More information

INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY COUNTRY DATA: NICARAGUA : Information from the CIA World Factbook INTRODUCTION The Pacific coast of Nicaragua was settled as a Spanish colony from Panama in the early 16th century. Independence from Spain

More information

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CENTRAL AMERICA AND PROTESTANT CHURCH GROWTH IN THE REGION

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CENTRAL AMERICA AND PROTESTANT CHURCH GROWTH IN THE REGION A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CENTRAL AMERICA AND PROTESTANT CHURCH GROWTH IN THE REGION THE LAND AND ITS PEOPLE Central America, a narrow bridge of land that connects the continents of North and South America,

More information

Between 1870 and 1900, Europeans had taken over 1/5 of land and 1/10 of population of the world Germany became America s biggest imperialist foe and

Between 1870 and 1900, Europeans had taken over 1/5 of land and 1/10 of population of the world Germany became America s biggest imperialist foe and U.S. Imperialism Between 1870 and 1900, Europeans had taken over 1/5 of land and 1/10 of population of the world Germany became America s biggest imperialist foe and largely spurred U.S. into imperialism;

More information

Work Period: Latin America and China Foreign policies Notes President Chart Activity

Work Period: Latin America and China Foreign policies Notes President Chart Activity USHC 5.0 DEMONSTRATE AN UNDERSTANDING OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN DEVELOPMENTS THAT CONTRIBUTED TO THE EMERGENCE OF THE UNITED STATES AS A WORLD POWER IN THE 20 TH CENTURY Opening: Complete pages 185-188 in

More information

Chapter 28 Transformations Around the Globe

Chapter 28 Transformations Around the Globe Chapter 28 Transformations Around the Globe 28-1 28-1 China Tea-Opium addiction Opium War 1839 Hong Kong Outlet to the world! Over Population Taiping Rebellion 1850s Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace Civil

More information

BECOMING A WORLD POWER

BECOMING A WORLD POWER BECOMING A WORLD POWER CHAPTER 10 IMPERIALISM THE PRESSURE TO EXPAND Americans had always sought to expand the size of their nation, and throughout the 19th century they extended their control toward the

More information

World Geography Final Exam Review Guide

World Geography Final Exam Review Guide Name: Hour: Day: Unit 1: Exploring Geography World Geography Final Exam Review Guide 1. Identify and describe THREE types of technology that geographers use? 2. Define each of the following: Longitude:

More information

COUNTRY DATA: Guatemala: Information from the CIA World Factbook INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY

COUNTRY DATA: Guatemala: Information from the CIA World Factbook INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY COUNTRY DATA: Guatemala: Information from the CIA World Factbook INTRODUCTION The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium A.D. After almost three

More information

Informal Empire in the Caribbean. PS 142A.4 and.5

Informal Empire in the Caribbean. PS 142A.4 and.5 Informal Empire in the Caribbean PS 142A.4 and.5 Informal Empire and the LIO n Nothing inherently liberal about U.S. rule in the Caribbean basin. n Created an exclusive sphere of influence n Promoted reciprocity

More information

Chapter 7 America as a World Power Notes 7.1 The United States Gains Overseas Territories The Big Idea

Chapter 7 America as a World Power Notes 7.1 The United States Gains Overseas Territories The Big Idea Chapter 7 America as a World Power Notes 7.1 The United States Gains Overseas Territories The Big Idea In the last half of the 1800s, the United States joined the race for control of overseas territories.

More information

Transformations Around the Globe. Ch

Transformations Around the Globe. Ch Transformations Around the Globe Ch 28 1800-1914 China + the West China looked down on foreigners China was self-sufficient Strong agricultural economy Extensive mining + industry China wasn t interested

More information

World History (Survey) Chapter 28: Transformations Around the Globe,

World History (Survey) Chapter 28: Transformations Around the Globe, World History (Survey) Chapter 28: Transformations Around the Globe, 1800 1914 Section 1: China Responds to Pressure from the West In the late 1700s, China was self-sufficient. It had a strong farming

More information

Walls or Roads. James Petras. History is told by Walls and Roads which have marked significant turning points

Walls or Roads. James Petras. History is told by Walls and Roads which have marked significant turning points Walls or Roads James Petras History is told by Walls and Roads which have marked significant turning points in the relation between peoples and states. We will discuss the story behind two walls and one

More information

The History of Latin America. European Conquest Present Day. Name: KEY Section:

The History of Latin America. European Conquest Present Day. Name: KEY Section: The History of Latin America European Conquest Present Day Name: KEY Section: Key Terms 1. conquistador: one of the conquerors who claimed and ruled land in America for the Spanish. 2. Moctezuma: ruler

More information

A Place of Three Cultures

A Place of Three Cultures A Place of Three Cultures A Place of Three Cultures A broad square in Mexico City stands as a symbol of the complexity of Mexican culture. The Plaza de lastresculturas The Three Cultures is located on

More information

INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACION Y DESARROLLO NITLAPAN

INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACION Y DESARROLLO NITLAPAN Nitlapan INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACION Y DESARROLLO NITLAPAN A Enabling Growth and Promoting Equity in the Global Financial Crisis Risk and Vulnerability: A view from COPLA works on SMEs Growth but not Equity

More information

Toussaint L Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, & Miguel Hidalgo

Toussaint L Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, & Miguel Hidalgo Toussaint L Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, & Miguel Hidalgo Spain conquered most of the lands in the Americas (while Portugal conquered Brazil0. It divided its empire into provinces. The two most important

More information

Unit 2: Imperialism and Isolationism ( )

Unit 2: Imperialism and Isolationism ( ) Unit 2: Imperialism and Isolationism (1890-1930) What is an empire? Is imperialism the same as colonization? Why would the U.S. get involved in this practice? What is the difference between acquiring and

More information

Roosevelt Taft Wilson. Big Stick Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy Moral Diplomacy

Roosevelt Taft Wilson. Big Stick Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy Moral Diplomacy Roosevelt Taft Wilson Big Stick Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy Moral Diplomacy Definition: The art or practice of conducting international relations, as in negotiating alliances, treaties, and agreements.

More information

New Global Patterns. Imperialism II

New Global Patterns. Imperialism II New Global Patterns Imperialism II 1800-1914 本は近代化 Japan Modernizes Japan isolated itself from the world from 1600-1853 Japan s reaction to western imperialism was to become imperialist herself. Japan

More information

Essential Question: & Latin America? Clicker Review. What role did the United States play as an imperial power in Asia. CPWH Agenda for Unit 10.

Essential Question: & Latin America? Clicker Review. What role did the United States play as an imperial power in Asia. CPWH Agenda for Unit 10. Essential Question: What role did the United States play as an imperial power in Asia & Latin America? CPWH Agenda for Unit 10.8: Clicker Review Imperialism by the USA notes Today s HW: 28.3 Unit 10 Test:

More information

Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power ( )

Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power ( ) Name: Period Page# Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power (1890 1915) Section 1: The Pressure to Expand What factors led to the growth of imperialism around the world? In what ways did the United States begin

More information

The Colonies after WW1

The Colonies after WW1 The Colonies after WW1 Africa - Summary Wanted to be independent Learned new ideas about freedom and nationalism New leaders were educated in Europe and the United States Africa Important People Harry

More information

1/7/2010. Aztec civilization. Maya Civilization. European Conquest (1492) A Global Exchange of Crops and Animals. New urban Settlements

1/7/2010. Aztec civilization. Maya Civilization. European Conquest (1492) A Global Exchange of Crops and Animals. New urban Settlements 3000 years ago Classic period 200-900 A.D. Honduras, Guatemala, Belize Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico Theocratic structure Maya Civilization Aztec civilization Aztec Civilization Pinnacle of a long sequence

More information

Thoughts on Globalization, 1/15/02 Pete Bohmer

Thoughts on Globalization, 1/15/02 Pete Bohmer Thoughts on Globalization, 1/15/02 Pete Bohmer I. Class this week, Wednesday optional to come in, Dan and I will be here at 10:00, turn in paper by 1:00 Friday-not enough time for both movies; Global Assembly

More information

China Resists Outside Influence

China Resists Outside Influence Name CHAPTER 28 Section 1 (pages 805 809) China Resists Outside Influence BEFORE YOU READ In the last section, you read about imperialism in Asia. In this section, you will see how China dealt with foreign

More information

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of???

Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of??? Need to know What was President Roosevelt s Gentlemen s Agreement with Japan? Female progressives often justified their reformist political activities on the basis of??? imperialism Stronger nations dominating

More information

1. Base your answer to question on the partial outline below and on your knowledge of social studies.

1. Base your answer to question on the partial outline below and on your knowledge of social studies. Frederick Douglass Academy Global Studies 1. Base your answer to question on the partial outline below and on your knowledge of social studies. I. A. Ideas from the American Revolution spread. B. Enslaved

More information

Warm up: We have discussed the Chinese role in constructing the railroads in the west. How do you think that the Chinese were treated by other

Warm up: We have discussed the Chinese role in constructing the railroads in the west. How do you think that the Chinese were treated by other Warm up: We have discussed the Chinese role in constructing the railroads in the west. How do you think that the Chinese were treated by other groups? SSUSH14 Explain America s evolving relationship with

More information

SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions.

SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions. SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions. a. Examine absolutism through a comparison of the rules of Louis XIV, Tsar Peter the Great, and Tokugawa Ieyasu. Known as the Sun

More information

BELLRINGER. Read the abridged platform of the American Anti- Imperialist League. What is the main argument presented against imperialist policies?

BELLRINGER. Read the abridged platform of the American Anti- Imperialist League. What is the main argument presented against imperialist policies? BELLRINGER Read the abridged platform of the American Anti- Imperialist League. What is the main argument presented against imperialist policies? U.S. INTERVENTION ABROAD Ms. Luco IB Hist Americas LEARNING

More information

Handbook of Research on the International Relations of Latin America and the Caribbean

Handbook of Research on the International Relations of Latin America and the Caribbean A Handbook of Research on the International Relations of Latin America and the Caribbean G. Pope Atkins V University of Texas at Austin and United States Naval Academy 'estyiew pun» A Member of the Perseus

More information

Migration from Guatemala to USA

Migration from Guatemala to USA Migration from Guatemala to USA (Destination Countries) Beginning and evolution of Guatemalan Migration to the United States As in other Central American countries, emigration from Guatemala began as a

More information

Unit 5. US Foreign Policy, Friday, December 9, 11

Unit 5. US Foreign Policy, Friday, December 9, 11 Unit 5 US Foreign Policy, 1890-1920 I. American Imperialism A. What is Imperialism? B. Stated motivations (how we were helping others) Helping free countries from foreign domination Spreading Christianity

More information

Central American History Second Semester Exam Study Guide. KINGDOM OF GUATEMALA (Modern day Central America)

Central American History Second Semester Exam Study Guide. KINGDOM OF GUATEMALA (Modern day Central America) Central American History Second Semester Exam Study Guide KINGDOM OF GUATEMALA (Modern day Central America) -Captaincy General: Captaincies general were established districts that were under serious pressures

More information

How Industrialization Changed the Lives of Workers in Great Britain: More people worked in factories and lived in cities. Workers in Great Britain:

How Industrialization Changed the Lives of Workers in Great Britain: More people worked in factories and lived in cities. Workers in Great Britain: Theme: Economic Change Since the 19 th century, industrialization has had positive and negative effects on the lives of workers. Define the term industrialization Select one nation you have studied and

More information

early twentieth century Peru, but also for revolutionaries desiring to flexibly apply Marxism to

early twentieth century Peru, but also for revolutionaries desiring to flexibly apply Marxism to José Carlos Mariátegui s uniquely diverse Marxist thought spans a wide array of topics and offers invaluable insight not only for historians seeking to better understand the reality of early twentieth

More information

Neocolonialism, Liberation Theology and the Nicaraguan Revolution

Neocolonialism, Liberation Theology and the Nicaraguan Revolution Providence College DigitalCommons@Providence Phillips Memorial Library Undergraduate Craft of Research Prize Phillips Memorial Library 4-2015 Neocolonialism, Liberation Theology and the Nicaraguan Revolution

More information

Name: Date: Period: 2. What economic and political reasons did the United States employ as rationale for intervening militarily in the above nations?

Name: Date: Period: 2. What economic and political reasons did the United States employ as rationale for intervening militarily in the above nations? Name: Date: Period: Chapter 32 Reading Guide Latin America: Revolution and Reaction into the 21 st Century p.782-801 1. Locate the following places on the map. a. Panama b. El Salvador c. Dominican Republic

More information

The Industrial Revolution and Latin America

The Industrial Revolution and Latin America The Industrial Revolution and Latin America AP WORLD HISTORY NOTES CHAPTER 17 (1750-1914) After Independence in Latin America Decimated populations Flooded or closed silver mines Diminished herds of livestock

More information

Cold War: Superpowers Face Off

Cold War: Superpowers Face Off Section 1 Cold War: Superpowers Face Off Reading Comprehension Find the name or term in the second column that best matches the description in the first column. Then write the letter of your answer in

More information

Latin America s Independence Movement

Latin America s Independence Movement Latin America s Independence Movement Unit 7 Notes Bennett Spain Builds An Empire Spain conquered most of the lands in the Americas (Portugal = Brazil). Divided empire into provinces 2 most important provinces

More information

Chapter 22: America Becomes a World Power

Chapter 22: America Becomes a World Power Chapter 22: America Becomes a World Power Objective: Why did the United States become imperialistic and what were the outcomes? Goal: Students will be able to understand the causes and effects of imperialism

More information

Unit 11 Part 1-Spanish American War

Unit 11 Part 1-Spanish American War Unit 11 Part 1-Spanish American War 1 Imperialism & Expansion CH 14-1 Imperialism & War Name Reasons why the United States becomes an imperialist nation. 1-New Markets 2-Anglo-Saxonism 3-Modern Navy 4-Into

More information

International migration within Latin America. Mostly labor circulation flows Industrial and urban destinations Rural origin to urban destination

International migration within Latin America. Mostly labor circulation flows Industrial and urban destinations Rural origin to urban destination International migration within Latin America Mostly labor circulation flows Industrial and urban destinations Rural origin to urban destination International to and from Latin America Colonial migrations

More information

The Cuba that is Fidel, the Venezuela that is Chavez, the Nicaragua that is Sandino, now knows that another way is possible

The Cuba that is Fidel, the Venezuela that is Chavez, the Nicaragua that is Sandino, now knows that another way is possible It has been a year since we received the news we would never have wanted to receive. Night of orphanage and grief. Cloudy eyes and lump in the throat. We heard that day was the sixty anniversary of the

More information

Living in our Globalized World: Notes 18 Antisystemic protest Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 Robbins: most protest is ultimately against the capitalist

Living in our Globalized World: Notes 18 Antisystemic protest Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 Robbins: most protest is ultimately against the capitalist Living in our Globalized World: Notes 18 Antisystemic protest Copyright Bruce Owen 2009 Robbins: most protest is ultimately against the capitalist system that is, it opposes the system: it is antisystemic

More information

Chapter 12: Transformations Around the Globe,

Chapter 12: Transformations Around the Globe, Chapter 12: Transformations Around the Globe, 1800 1914 China and Japan respond differently to the European powers. The United States influences Latin America, and Mexico undergoes a revolution. Theodore

More information

25C EL S A LVA DOR. Platform for the Democratic Revolutionary Government Democratic Revolutionary Front (FDR)

25C EL S A LVA DOR. Platform for the Democratic Revolutionary Government Democratic Revolutionary Front (FDR) 25C EL S A LVA DOR Platform for the Democratic Revolutionary Government Democratic Revolutionary Front (FDR) PLATFORM OF THE DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT The economic and social structures of our

More information

DR CAFTA and Migration in Central America

DR CAFTA and Migration in Central America DR CAFTA and Migration in Central America Susan M. Richter University of California, Davis and Merced June 25 th, 2009 6/25/2009 1 Central American Free Trade )Agreement (CAFTA Series of Free Trade Agreements

More information

Unit 8: Imperialism. February 15th & 16th

Unit 8: Imperialism. February 15th & 16th Unit 8: Imperialism February 15th & 16th WarmUp - February 15th & 16th Pick up papers from front table Jot down anything that comes to mind when you see the word IMPERIALISM (this is our next topic Unit

More information

Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future Julian Messina and Joana Silva

Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future Julian Messina and Joana Silva Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future Julian Messina and Joana Silva 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 US (Billions) Gini points, average Latin

More information

APUSH. U.S. Imperialism REVIEWED! EMPIRE & EXPANSION

APUSH. U.S. Imperialism REVIEWED! EMPIRE & EXPANSION APUSH 1890-1909 EMPIRE & EXPANSION U.S. Imperialism REVIEWED! American Pageant (Kennedy)Chapter 27 American History (Brinkley) Chapter 19 America s History (Henretta) Chapter 21 Important Ideas Since the

More information

Imperialism. U.S. Foreign Policy. U.S. Foreign Policy 10/30/13. Chapter 10. Monroe Doctrine. Many Spanish colonies revolting

Imperialism. U.S. Foreign Policy. U.S. Foreign Policy 10/30/13. Chapter 10. Monroe Doctrine. Many Spanish colonies revolting Imperialism Chapter 10 U.S. Foreign Policy Monroe Doctrine No new colonization by Europe in western hemisphere U.S. stays out of European affairs If Europe attempts to colonize in the west, U.S. would

More information

IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER DEAN ROYER GRAPHIC OF IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER BY DEAN ROYER

IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER DEAN ROYER GRAPHIC OF IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER BY DEAN ROYER IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER DEAN ROYER GRAPHIC OF IMPERIALISM THE 2FACED MONSTER BY DEAN ROYER IMPERIALI SM WE WILL SIMPLY SAY THAT IMPERIALISM CAN BE DEFINED AS THE WORLDWIDE EXPRESSION OF THE SEARCH

More information

throughout the US? Around the world? Why or why not.

throughout the US? Around the world? Why or why not. 1. Tell what at least three of the symbols you see on this flag represent. 2. Do you think these three symbols would be recognized throughout the US? Around the world? Why or why not. 3. Why would this

More information

Unit 7: The Cold War

Unit 7: The Cold War Unit 7: The Cold War Standard 7-5 Goal: The student will demonstrate an understanding of international developments during the Cold War era. Vocabulary 7-5.1 OCCUPIED 7-5.2 UNITED NATIONS NORTH ATLANTIC

More information

Anti-Imperialist Struggles

Anti-Imperialist Struggles The Anarchist Library Anti-Copyright Anti-Imperialist Struggles Workers Solidarity Federation Workers Solidarity Federation Anti-Imperialist Struggles Retrieved on January 1, 2005 from www.cat.org.au theanarchistlibrary.org

More information

450 Million people 33 COUNTRIES HEALTH IN LATIN AMERICA. Regions: South America (12 Countries) Central America & Mexico Caribbean

450 Million people 33 COUNTRIES HEALTH IN LATIN AMERICA. Regions: South America (12 Countries) Central America & Mexico Caribbean HEALTH IN LATIN AMERICA Dr. Jaime Llambías-Wolff, York University Canada 450 Million people 33 COUNTRIES Regions: South America (12 Countries) Central America & Mexico Caribbean ( 8 Countries) (13 Countries)

More information

U.S. Imperialism Practice Questions

U.S. Imperialism Practice Questions Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the map below and on your knowledge of social studies. 1 Which United States foreign policy was most often used to carry out the actions shown on the map? (1)

More information

Period V ( ): Industrialization and Global Integration

Period V ( ): Industrialization and Global Integration Period V (1750-1900): Industrialization and Global Integration 5.1 Industrialization and Global Capitalism I. I can describe and explain how industrialism fundamentally changed how goods were produced.

More information

America s Path to Empire. APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 8

America s Path to Empire. APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 8 America s Path to Empire APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 8 1890-1892 Foreign Policy The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890): Alfred Thayer Mahan Sea power throughout history gives advantages US lies

More information

Caught in the Crossfire: Land Reform, Death Squad Violence, and Elections in El Salvador

Caught in the Crossfire: Land Reform, Death Squad Violence, and Elections in El Salvador Caught in the Crossfire: Land Reform, Death Squad Violence, and Elections in El Salvador T. David Mason Amalia Pulido Jesse Hamner Mustafa Kirisci Castleberry Peace Institute University of North Texas

More information

American Foreign Policy, : The Good, the Bad, & the Ugly.

American Foreign Policy, : The Good, the Bad, & the Ugly. American Foreign Policy, 1880-1920: The Good, the Bad, & the Ugly. Each group will become experts on their assigned country. Create poster showing how U.S. policy toward your respective country was good,

More information

New Economical, Political and Social Trends in Latin America, and the Demands for Participation

New Economical, Political and Social Trends in Latin America, and the Demands for Participation New Economical, Political and Social Trends in Latin America, and the Demands for Participation Bernardo Kliksberg DPADM/DESA/ONU 21 April, 2006 AGENDA 1. POLITICAL CHANGES 2. THE STRUCTURAL ROOTS OF THE

More information

LATIN AMERICA. Chapter 23

LATIN AMERICA. Chapter 23 LATIN AMERICA Chapter 23 Overview! Once we look at the commonalities of the region we will look at four countries: Mexico, Brazil, the largest; Argentina, the most European, and Cuba, the most radical.!

More information

Salvadoran refugee camps. Nicaraguan refugee camps

Salvadoran refugee camps. Nicaraguan refugee camps Salvadoran refugee camps Nicaraguan refugee camps CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS 1969-1989 The main purpose of this chronology is to help the reader by reconstructing MSF s actions and public statements in regional

More information

SUB Hamburg A/ Talons of the Eagle. Latin America, the United States, and the World. PETER H.^MITH University of California, San Diego

SUB Hamburg A/ Talons of the Eagle. Latin America, the United States, and the World. PETER H.^MITH University of California, San Diego SUB Hamburg A/591327 Talons of the Eagle Latin America, the United States, and the World PETER H.^MITH University of California, San Diego FOURTH EDITION New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS BRIEF CONTENTS

More information

America s Path to Empire. APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 5

America s Path to Empire. APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 5 America s Path to Empire APUSH/AP-DC Unit 7 - Period 5 Mariam Haider, Emma Tresch, 5th Period America s Path to Empire 1892-1894 Feb 29, 1892: Britain and US sign treaty on seal hunting in the Bering

More information

Welcome to History 06 History of the Americas II Prof. Valadez

Welcome to History 06 History of the Americas II Prof. Valadez Welcome to History 06 History of the Americas II Prof. Valadez Topics What is Positivism? Why does Latin American adopt positivism? U.S. Foreign Policy In Latin America Early 20 th Century Revolutions

More information

THE CARIBBEAN BASIN AND THE U.S. NATIONAL INTEREST Gen. P. F. Gorman, USA Council of the Americas, Washington, D.C. May 8, 1984

THE CARIBBEAN BASIN AND THE U.S. NATIONAL INTEREST Gen. P. F. Gorman, USA Council of the Americas, Washington, D.C. May 8, 1984 301332 April 84 Updated 2 May THE CARIBBEAN BASIN AND THE U.S. NATIONAL INTEREST Gen. P. F. Gorman, USA Council of the Americas, Washington, D.C. May 8, 1984 To protect national interests, the Department

More information

Freedom in the Americas Today

Freedom in the Americas Today www.freedomhouse.org Freedom in the Americas Today This series of charts and graphs tracks freedom s trajectory in the Americas over the past thirty years. The source for the material in subsequent pages

More information

17.55, Introduction to Latin American Studies, Fall 2006 Prof. Chappell Lawson Appendix: U. S. Foreign Policy in Latin America

17.55, Introduction to Latin American Studies, Fall 2006 Prof. Chappell Lawson Appendix: U. S. Foreign Policy in Latin America 17.55, Introduction to Latin American Studies, Fall 2006 Prof. Chappell Lawson Appendix: U. S. Foreign Policy in Latin America U.S. is dominant player in region since 1898 Traditionally exercised a huge

More information

Essential Question: How did America s role in the world change from 1890 to 1914?

Essential Question: How did America s role in the world change from 1890 to 1914? Essential Question: How did America s role in the world change from 1890 to 1914? From 1890 to 1914, the United States expanded its role in world affairs and gained new overseas colonies Class Activity:

More information

Last Time Industrialization in the late 19th Century up through WWII Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) (1940s 1970s) Export Promotion

Last Time Industrialization in the late 19th Century up through WWII Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) (1940s 1970s) Export Promotion Last Time Industrialization in the late 19th Century up through WWII Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) (1940s 1970s) Export Promotion Industrialization TODAY Population growth, distribution,

More information

Latin America s Political Pendulum. March 30, 2017

Latin America s Political Pendulum. March 30, 2017 Latin America s Political Pendulum March 30, 2017 Because Mexico, Central and South America were dominated by languages derived from Latin, people began to refer to the area as "Latin America." Latin America

More information

MEXICO. Part 1: The Making of the Modern State

MEXICO. Part 1: The Making of the Modern State MEXICO Part 1: The Making of the Modern State Why Study Mexico? History of Revolution, One-Party Dominance, Authoritarianism But has ended one-party rule, democratized, and is now considered a newly industrializing

More information

In the early 1900's the United States engaged in conflicts with Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines.

In the early 1900's the United States engaged in conflicts with Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. Ch 18-Section 3 - Acquiring New Lands In the early 1900's the United States engaged in conflicts with Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. Puerto Rico Fearful of losing autonomy that they had won under

More information

Chapter 21 Foreign Influences and Revolutions 1. Introduction

Chapter 21 Foreign Influences and Revolutions 1. Introduction 1. Introduction It was still dark that morning of September 16, 1810, when Father Miguel Hidalgo rang the bells of his church in the rural village of Dolores to summon his Indian and mestizo, or mixed-race,

More information

Letter from President Fillmore asking Japan. American ships to stop for supplies safety reasons

Letter from President Fillmore asking Japan. American ships to stop for supplies safety reasons Chapter 19-21 Introduction Japan 1853 Not open to trading with other countries Commodore Matthew Perry went to Japan with a small fleet of warships (Gunboat Diplomacy) Letter from President Fillmore asking

More information

CEHuS. Centro de Estudios Humanos y Sociales. Nahuel Moreno. Central America: Six Countries, One Nationality, One Revolution

CEHuS. Centro de Estudios Humanos y Sociales. Nahuel Moreno. Central America: Six Countries, One Nationality, One Revolution CEHuS Centro de Estudios Humanos y Sociales Nahuel Moreno Central America: Six Countries, One Nationality, One Revolution Nahuel Moreno Central America: Six Countries, One Nationality, One Revolution Translated

More information

SS6 Unit 1: Latin America. Summative Assessment Review

SS6 Unit 1: Latin America. Summative Assessment Review SS6 Unit 1: Latin America Summative Assessment Review 1. Which is found near the 1 on the map? a. Panama Canal b. Atacama Desert c. Andes Mountains d. Sierra Madre Mountains 2. Which number on the map

More information

The Latin American Wars of Independence were the revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the

The Latin American Wars of Independence were the revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the The Latin American Wars of Independence were the revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America.

More information

In 2004, there were 2,010 new arrivals in the region,

In 2004, there were 2,010 new arrivals in the region, Major developments In 2004, there were 2,010 new arrivals in the region, mainly from, Colombia and Africa. The vast majority arrived in Mexico and n countries within groups of irregular migrants from the

More information

Presidents in general are not lovable. They ve had to do too much to get where they are. But there was one president who was lovable Teddy Roosevelt

Presidents in general are not lovable. They ve had to do too much to get where they are. But there was one president who was lovable Teddy Roosevelt Presidents in general are not lovable. They ve had to do too much to get where they are. But there was one president who was lovable Teddy Roosevelt and I loved him Walter Lippmann Theodore Roosevelt brought

More information

Imperialism by the US

Imperialism by the US Imperialism by the US Quick Class Discussion: Based on this image, what important changes took place in the United States from 1783 to 1900? 115 years after gaining independence from Britain, the United

More information

Chapter 7, Section 3. New American Diplomacy

Chapter 7, Section 3. New American Diplomacy Chapter 7, Section 3 New American Diplomacy Roosevelt s Diplomacy Big Ideas: Presidents Roosevelt and Taft used a mixture of military and financial tools to expand American hegemony in Asia and Latin America.

More information

20 Century Decolonization and Nationalism. Modified from the work of Susan Graham and Deborah Smith Lexington High School

20 Century Decolonization and Nationalism. Modified from the work of Susan Graham and Deborah Smith Lexington High School th 20 Century Decolonization and Nationalism Modified from the work of Susan Graham and Deborah Smith Johnston @ Lexington High School Global Events influential in Decolonization Imperialism Growing Nationalism

More information

CHAPTER 20 NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING CHAPTER OUTLINE

CHAPTER 20 NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING CHAPTER OUTLINE CHAPTER 20 NATIONAL SECURITY POLICYMAKING CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Politics in Action: A New Threat (pp. 621 622) A. The role of national security is more important than ever. B. New and complex challenges have

More information

IMPERIALISM. Policing the Western Hemisphere

IMPERIALISM. Policing the Western Hemisphere Alaska William Seward Sec. of State purchased from Russia for $7 million. Twice the size of Texas Nicknamed Seward s Folly or Seward s Icebox 1890 gold found there Hawaii IMPERIALISM Grew sugar that was

More information

Part II The Transformation of Politics after 1945

Part II The Transformation of Politics after 1945 Part II The Transformation of Politics after 1945 Part II of this book concentrates on explanations for the development of insurgency in the 1970s and 1980s, examining in depth the nature of politics,

More information

CIE Economics A-level

CIE Economics A-level CIE Economics A-level Topic 4: The Macroeconomy c) Classification of countries Notes Indicators of living standards and economic development The three dimensions of the Human Development Index (HDI) The

More information

Americas. North America and the Caribbean Latin America

Americas. North America and the Caribbean Latin America North America and the Caribbean Latin America Working environment Despite recent economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean, global increases in food and fuel prices have hurt people across the

More information

CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY

CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY 1 2 3 4 CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY 1790-1850 Mr. Anderson, M.Ed., J.D. Review Who was John Marshall? Which president appointed him? What is he best remembered for? The Industrial Revolution Section

More information

By Nicolás Lloreda-Ricaurte Ambassador of Colombia Retired Heads of Mission Association (RHOMA), Feb. 15th 2017

By Nicolás Lloreda-Ricaurte Ambassador of Colombia Retired Heads of Mission Association (RHOMA), Feb. 15th 2017 COLOMBIA S TRANSFORMATION AND STATE OF THE PEACE PROCESS By Nicolás Lloreda-Ricaurte Ambassador of Colombia Retired Heads of Mission Association (RHOMA), Feb. 15th 2017 http://www.lawg.org/ourpublications/76/1635

More information

The Mexican Revolution. Civil War

The Mexican Revolution. Civil War The Mexican Revolution Civil War The War of North American Intervention (Mexican-American War) Antonio Lopez Santa Ana was President of 11 different governments Kept central government weak and taxes low

More information