Northern Industry. Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism

Transcription

1 Northern Industry Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism

2 Using simple tools Technology advances Using complex machines Using natural sources of power Technology advances Using artificial sources of power Regional distribution of goods Technology advances National distribution of goods

3 Samuel Slater Father of the American factory system Born and raised in England Worked as a farmer then as an apprentice in a cotton mill Promoted to superintendent Memorized Richard Arkwright's designs Moved to US in 1789 Uses Arkwright s design in US Establishes first water-powered mill in RI

4 Thief or Not? To procure all such machines as are known in any part of Europe can only require a proper provision and due pains. The knowledge of several of the most important of them is already possessed. The preparation of them here is, in most cases, practicable on nearly equal terms. -Alexander Hamilton encouraged stealing ideas! *Procure = Obtain

5 US Patent Act #1 DOMESTIC patents were protected, but foreign ones were not. People were almost encouraged to steal ideas and bring them to the US It s all about $$$$$$$$$$$

6 Growth Factors The US has natural resources that enable industrial growth Rivers Powers mills Streams Powers mills Coal Burned Lumber - Buildings Established ports = easier trade Healthy, eager, wealthy investors 1820 s = Immigration influx

7 Coal Coal Iron Machines

8 Social Changes Sam Slater hires women, children, and immigrants Family farms work is at home Industrial mills people go to work

9 New Social Classes Industrial Capitalists: HAVES Founders and owners Wealthier (nicer homes/neighborhoods) Industrial Laborers: HAVE NOTS Workers Moved to concentrated areas Development of slums Single mothers Nurses, teachers, servants, factories

10 ECONOMICS POLITICAL OBJECTIVES NORTH -Banking, shipping, insurance, small farms -Wage Laborers -Middle Class exists -Tariffs are good protect industry -Federal aid for infrastructure -Immigrants = cheap labor (good thing) -Free/Cheap land in west is good -Contain slavery SOUTH -Depended on plantations and slave labor -Mostly subsistence farmers -Larger wealth gap -Low tariffs for easier trade w/britain -Expand slavery -Opposed cheap land it would increase competition Compare & Contrast

11 Roots of Sectionalism o Free Blacks in the North o Several school will not integrate students o White immigrants (Irish) feel competition for jobs is a negative CREATE: Draw a graphic that symbolizes the development and direction of each of these three social classes.

12 UNIONS Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism

13 Trade Societies o Organized by skilled craftsmen o Higher wages o Shorter work days o Closed shop exclusively hire union members o Successful due to high skill level o Limited demand of skilled workers existed o Difficult to replace them o Enabled workers to hold power

14 Union: Failures o Unskilled workers tried to organized o Easily replaceable o Immigrants o People willing to work for less o $3/day was decent money o hr days was normal o PA and NY Courts rule strikes are conspiracy

15 Union: Success o Commonwealth v. Hunt 1842 Massachusetts Supreme Court rules attempts by unions to improve conditions through peaceful strikes is legal o Growing support for education o Prevent a generation of dumb voters o States begin limiting workday to 10 hrs o Child labor laws begin to form o 1836 MA creates the first state child labor law: factory children under 15 must go to school a minimum of 3 months per year.

16 DEBATE: Each side will be assigned a social class. Discussion questions will be presented and each side will have time to formulate an argument then present it. The opposing side will be able to have time to create a rebuttal to present. *Everyone writes individual notes in regards to their groups stance on any issue or questions that arise.