Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

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1 Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA - GENDER EQUALITY INDICATORS 2007 Population 1 Total: : 51.4% : 48.6% 1. STATE MACHINERY AND HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION 1.1 Ratification and reporting under the UN Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) 1.2 Human rights problems as specified in Conclusions of the CEDAW Committee Yes 2 Year of ratification: 1993 Ratification the of Optional Protocol: Combined Initial, Second and Third periodic report (22/12/2004), Fourth periodic report was due in October CEDAW Concluding Observations in response to the combined Initial, Second and Third periodic report of (2006) 4 : Main concerns: The lack of a gender analysis of the consequences of the armed conflict and the lack of women s participation in and gender analyses of the peace, reconstruction and transformation processes; The Convention has yet to be invoked by women in domestic litigation and applied by the judiciary; The adoption of the Law on Gender Equality has not yet led to a harmonization of existing legislation with this law; The lack of up-to-date data on the population, and on women in particular, in all areas covered by the Convention; The Gender Equality Agency is unable to fully carry out its mandate and its positioning within one State-level ministry may impede its effectiveness in working with other ministries; The adoption of National Plan of Action may be delayed by political processes and lack of understanding and funds; The persistence of patriarchal stereotypes regarding the role and responsibilities of women and men in the family and in society, which are reflected in women s educational choices, their situation in the labour market and their low level of participation in political and public life; Differing judicial interpretations and inconsistent application of penalties regarding violence against women; in addition the implementation of the law is hampered by the lack of necessary by-laws and structures; Trafficking in women remains a problem in the country

2 1.3 Reports made by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women 1.4 National government body on gender or women 1.5 Constitutional protection from discrimination on the basis of sex as a country of origin, transit and destination; Underrepresentation of women in elected and appointed bodies, particularly at high levels, in the public administration and judiciary, in administrative and managerial bodies of educational institutions, in state owned companies or in business and professional associations and in political parties; Discrimination in education, in particular the early dropout rate of girls in rural areas, especially of Roma girls, and high rate of illiteracy among elderly women and, in particular, among Roma women and girls; Women s low representation in the labour market and high unemployment rates; persistent pattern of direct and indirect discriminatory practices against women in public and private employment with respect to recruitment, promotion, pay, maternity protection and employment termination as well as sexual harassment; The status of women s health and limited access to health-care services; The situation of victims of sexual violence of the 1992 to 1995 armed conflict; There are groups of women who suffer extreme poverty. No Yes Gender Equality Agency within the Ministry for Human Rights and Refugees; Gender Centre of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Gender Centre of Republika Srpska. Yes 5 Paragraph 4, Non-Discrimination The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms provided for in this Article, or in the international agreements listed in Annex 1 to this Constitution, shall be secured to all persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status. 1.6 Gender equality law Yes Law on Gender Equality 1.7 National gender mainstreaming measures (e.g.: National plan of action on gender equality or gender mainstreaming or other similar commitments) Yes 2. POLITICAL SECTOR A national gender action plan of Bosnia and Herzegovina (GAP) that integrates the previous draft national action plan on gender, based on the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, was adopted in March Per cent of women in parliament (is there a quota for women)? Bica meral No quota 6 Lower House elected in 2006 Total number of seats: 42 Total number of seats won by women: 6 Percentage of women: 14.3% Upper House elected in 2007 Total number of seats: 15 Total number of seats won by women: 2 Percentage of women: 13.3% 7 2

3 2.2 Is there a fixed quota for electoral lists? 3. ECONOMIC SECTOR Yes 8 In the Republika Srpska s National assembly, 19 out of 82 delegates are women. Also, there are 23 women in the 98 seat Federation House of Representatives. 3.1 Per cent of women in the paid labour force 3.2 Adult unemployment rate: Total 3.3 Estimated earned income (PPP US$) Ratio of estimated female to male earned income Right of women to own property 3.6 Women as percentage of international migrants 4. SOCIAL AND EDUCATION SECTOR % Life expectancy at birth: (years) (years) 4.2 Maternal mortality ratio, adjusted (deaths of mothers per 100,000 live births), year Adult literacy rate (ages 15 and older) 4.4 Net primary school enrolment: 4.5 Net secondary school enrolment: 4.6 Gross tertiary education enrolment % 99.0% 5. TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS 5.1 Ratification of Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially April

4 Women and Children, supplementing the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime 5.2 Relevant criminalization legislation 5.3 Availability of shelters for victims of trafficking BiH CC, Article 186, Trafficking in Person: Penalty up to 10 years or long-term imprisonment; FBiH CC, Article 210, Enticing into Prostitution: Penalty up to 10 years; if committed against a minor/juvenile, up to 15 years; RS CC, Article 198, Trafficking in Human beings: Penalty up to 5 years; if committed against a minor/juvenile, up to 12 years; Brcko District CC, Article 207, Enticing Prostitution: Penalty up to 5 years; if committed against a minor/juvenile, up to 15 years. In 2005, the Government adopted a victim referral mechanism and memoranda of understanding with local NGOs that ran shelters for victims of trafficking. Though not all shelters provide the same level of care and assistance, in general, victims receive medical care, counselling and financial assistance and some vocational training. 6. MAJOR GENDER EQUALITY ORGANIZATIONS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA In Federation Global Rights Contact: Diana Sehic Address: Marsala Tita 8/II, Sarajevo globalrights@open.net.ba Telephone: Fondacija lokalne demokratije Contact: Jasna Mujezinovic Address: Bravadziluk bb, Sarajevo. adl@bih.net.ba Telephone: , Medica Contact: Marijana Senjak Address: Mokusnice 10, Zenica medica1@bih.net.ba Telephone: , Zena BiH Contact: Azra Hasanbegovic Address: TrgIvana Krndelja, Mostar zenabih@boc.net.ba Telephone: In Republika Srpska Udruzene zene Contact: Lana Jajcevic Address: Kralja P.I Karadjordjevica 70/II, Banja Luka natasap@inecco.net Telephone: Telefax:

5 Zenski centar Trebinje Contact: Ljiljana Cickovic Address: Hrupjela 69, Trebinje Telephone: Telefax: Buducnost Contact: Gordana Vidovic. Tel.: Address: Trg Jovana Raskovica bb, Modrica gocalg@inecco.net For more women s NGO s see: 7. PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR GENDER ISSUES AT THE MISSION OFFICE (focal point, parttime, full-time) Ms. Ans Zwerver Director of Policy and Planning Telephone: ans.zwerver@osce.org