Going to War? Learning Target 1: I can discuss the causes and effects of the War of Learning Target 2: I can discuss the impact of James Madison

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1 Going to War? Learning Target 1: I can discuss the causes and effects of the War of 1812 Learning Target 2: I can discuss the impact of James Madison

2 A-James Madison was elected President in 1808 and 1812

3 Election of 1808 Name Party Electoral Votes Clinton, George Democratic-Republican 6 Madison, James Democratic-Republican 122 Pinckney, Charles Federalist 47 Election of 1812 Name Party Electoral Votes Clinton, DeWitt Democratic-Republican 89 Madison, James Democratic-Republican 128

4 A-James Madison was elected President in 1808 and Pre-War A) Non-Intercourse Act 1) Congress opened all trade except to France and Britain (partially repeals Embargo Act of 1807) 2) Had little effect on France & Britain 3) Completely repealed in 1810 B) Fletcher v. Peck 1) First time a law was ruled Unconstitutional 2) Georgia issued land grants in corrupt deal 3) Later repealed due to corruption 4) Supreme Court said cannot throw out the contracts, affirming the sanctity of contracts

5 A-James Madison was elected President in 1808 and Pre-War C) Tecumseh s War 1) Conflict between Native Americans and U.S. in Indiana Territory 2) British encouraged Chief Tecumseh to fight against the removal of various tribes from their land (14 tribes) below are some A)-Shawnee B)-Iroquois C)-Chicamauga D)-Miami E)-Ojibwe F)-Delaware G)-Sauk 3) Treaty negotiated between U.S. and Natives: Treaty of Fort Wayne

6 A-James Madison was elected President in 1808 and Pre-War C) Tecumseh s War 4) Battle of Tippecanoe ends the debate 5) U.S. led by Gen. William Henry Harrison and destroy the united Native Confederacy

7 B-War of Madison ask Congress to declare war on Great Britain A) Congress approves and war declared on June 9, 1812 B) Why? 1) impressment of American seamen 2) blockade of American ports 3) violation of American neutral rights and territorial waters 4) refusal of British to revoke the Orders in Council (prohibiting trade with anyone U.S. wanted)

8 B-War of 1812 C) New England states did not want to go to war 1) Hartford Convention: New England almost leaves the U.S. D) War Hawks: People who wanted to go into battle 1) Led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun

9 E) Clay and Calhoun wanted war with BOTH France and Great Britain so they could invade Canada and annex it 1) some called Canada the forgotten state F) Washington, D.C. captured by British and burned August 24-25, ) Madison fled to Virginia 2) Only time in American history when U.S. capitol was captured

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11 G) Battle of Baltimore (Sept 12-15, 1814) 1) Francis Scott Key writes a poem which becomes our National Anthem, The Star-Spangled Banner, while watching a battle that took place at Fort McHenry

12 H) Treaty of Ghent ended the War, Dec. 24, 1814 I) Battle of New Orleans-Jan. 8, ) took place two weeks after the official end of the war 2) Why? Because of slow communication, neither side knew the war was over (no telephones, internet or other modes of modern communication) 3) Andrew Jackson becomes an American Hero because of this battle

13 II-Monroe Era A- James Monroe Succeeds Madison as President 1-Monroe is elected twice Year Name Party Electoral Votes 1816 King, Rufus Federalist Monroe, James Democratic-Republican 183 Year Name Party Electoral Votes 1820Adams, John Quincy Democratic-Republican Monroe, James Democratic-Republican 231

14 II-Monroe Era B-Foreign Affairs 1-Russia, Prussia, France and Austria for the Quadruple Alliance A) goal: Rid the world of democracy 2-Monroe issues statement called the Monroe Doctrine which said: A) Hands off the American Republic B) No new colonization in America C) Existing European colonies were in no danger from the U.S. D) U.S. will not participate in purely European affairs 3-Monroe was backed by the British navy

15 II-Monroe Era C-Monroe s Personality 1-he was a symbol of unity to America 2-4 of the first 5 president were from Virginia (only John Adams was not (MA.)

16 II-Monroe Era D-Diplomacy A-John Quincy Adams 1-Monroe s Secretary of State 2-Son of John Adams 3-negociated three important treaties

17 II-Monroe Era A) 1817: Rush-Bagot Treaty 1) U.S. & Britain agreed to get all naval ships out of the Great Lakes

18 II-Monroe Era B) Convention of ) set northern border of the U.S. at 49 th Parallel from Lake of the Woods to Rocky Mountains

19 II-Monroe Era C) 1819: Adams-Onis Treaty 1) U.S. buys Florida from Spain for $5 million

20 II-Monroe Era E-Supreme Court Cases 1-McCulloch v. Maryland A) Maryland tried to tax a local branch of a U.S. Bank B) S.C. ruled no state can control a federal agency C) This action violated implied powers clause of the Constitution 2-Dartmouth College v. Woodward A) New Hampshire tried to change Dartmouth from a private to public college B) S.C. ruled the charter granted during Colonial times was a contract and needed BOTH parties to agree C) Limits States control over corporations 3-Gibbons v. Ogden A) Ogden given monopoly to operate steamboat between NY and NJ (given by NY) B) Gibbons received the same monopoly by Congress C) S.C. said only CONGRESS may regulate interstate commerce, including navigation D) State monopoly was void