Cold War Document Analysis Chart

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3 DOCUMENT A:GeorgeKennan B:TrumanDoctrine C:MarshallPlan Cold War Document Analysis Chart SUMMARY POINTOFVIEW INTENDED AUDIENCE HISTORICAL CONTEXT PURPOSE

4 D:NSCH68 E:HarryTruman F:JosephMcCarthy G:CIAMemo

5 1950s Domestic Trends EconomicandSocialChanges Conformity Rebellion ECONOMIC Overalltrend: Newtechnologicaldevelopments? RiseofconsumerismBhowandwhy? AneducatedworkforceBwhywasthere anexpansionofhighereducation? Governmentspending? EXAMPLES Socialnorms Genderroles HomogeneousmasscultureBhowand why? EXAMPLES Generationaldifferences TheBeatMovement The$Affluent$Society$

6 DEMOGRAPHICSHIFTS Wheredidpeopleliveandwhy? Howwasthepopulationchanging? (age,socialclass,etc.) COLDWARCONNECTION HowdidtheColdWarcreateasenseof national anxiety?provideexamples. HowdidtheColdWarencourage conformity? THECIVILRIGHTSMOVEMENT Earlyevents NationalresponseBsuccessfulat achievingchange?

7 Name: The 1960s- A Decade of Conflict and Change BIG$PICTURE$ANALYSIS$OF$THE$1960S$ $ As$you$watch$the$video$on$the$1960s,$consider$the$following$questions$that$are$essential$for$ understanding$this$decade:$ $ Why$were$people$rebelling?$$What$changes$were$they$demanding$in$the$nation?$ How$did$the$government$take$on$the$role$of$a$ problem$solver?$$did$it$effectively$address$ the$issues$facing$the$nation?$ $Why$was$there$a$conservative$backlash$against$the$ new$liberalism $of$the$decade?$ $ $ The$CenturyU$Poisoned$Dreams$(the$1960s)$ $ 1)WhathappenedinFebruaryof1960inGreensboro?WhatweretheeffectsacrosstheSouth? 2)Whatwasthenation sresponsetofootageofviolenceagainstafricanamericansinthesouth? 3)Compare/contrastKennedyandNixoninthe1960presidentialelection. 4)WhydidAmericansloveKennedy? 5)WhatwastheimpactoftheKennedyONixondebates? 6)HowwasKennedyadministrationdifferentthanpreviousadministrations?

8 7)Howdidthespaceraceimpactnationalattitude?Whatweresomeofthekeyevents? 8)WhatwasgoingoninBerlin? 9)Howdidthenationtrytoprepareforanuclearattack? 10)TheBerlinWallbecameasymbolof. 11)WhatdidAmericanUO2surveillanceplanesspotinCuba? 12)WhatwastheSovietrationaleforwhattheydidinCuba? 13)Kennedyconsideredthesituationtobea confrontation. 14)HowdidtheCubanMissileCrisisend? 15)Listseveralexamplesofthesegregationthatstillexistedintheearly1960s? 16)Whowerethe freedomriders, whatdidtheydo,andhowdidthesouthrespondtothem? 17)WhatwastheStudentNonviolentCoordinatingCommittee(SNCC)andwhatwastheirgoal?

9 18)WhatwasthesignificanceofsingingfortheSNCCandtheCivilRightsmovement? 19)WhatwasconsideredtobethemostviolentlyracistcityintheSouth? 20)HowdidthepoliceinBirminghamrespondtoprotestors?HowdidAmericansrespondtothese images? 21)WhathappenedonAugust28,1963? 22)HowdidpeoplerespondtoMLK s IHaveaDream speech? 23)WhatdidthePeaceCorpshavetodowithcommunism? 24)WhoweretheGreenBerets? 25)Whatwasthe dominotheory? 26)WhatwerethefirsttelevisionimagesAmericanssawofVietnam? 27)Intheautumnof1963,wasAmericanattentiononVietnam? 28)WhatwasthedateofKennedy sassassination? 29)Someofthe and ofamericadiedonthedayofkenney sassassination

10 The$CenturyU$Unpinned$(the$1960s)$ 1)Whowasinvolvedin FreedomSummer of1964?whatwastheirgoalastheywentintothesouth andwhatchallengesdidtheyface? 2)Whatmovementwasquicklyspreadingoncollegecampuses? 3)WhatwastheattitudeoftheyoungmenheadingofftofightinVietnam? 4)Americanmilitarycommanderspredicteda and conclusion. 5)WhatwasuniqueabouttheBO52bombers? 6)WhatquicklybecameobviousinVietnambasedonearlyencounters? 7)DespiteAmerica sprosperity, stilllivedbelowthepovertyline. 8)InMay1964,Johnsonunveiledhisnewplancalledthe. 9)WhywasblackvoterregistrationsolowinSelma,Alabama? 10) rapidlybecamethenewflashpointofthecivilrightsmovement. 11)AmarchfromSelmatoMontgomerytookprotestersthrough.

11 12)WhatdidJohnsonsayinaspeechthatwasencouragingcivilrightsactivists? 13)WhathappenedonAugust6 th 1965? 14)Justasthecivilrightsmovementachievedsuccess,itsplitinto. 15)Despitethegainsofrecentyears,itseemedtomanyblacksthattherateofchangewastoo.Theleaderofthisviewpointwaswho? 16)WhatmessagewasputforwardbytheBlackPanthers? 17)Howmanypeoplediedinurbanriotsinthesummerof1967? 18)WhatwasJohnson sresponsetotheurbanriots? 19)HowlongdidJohnsonpredictthatfundswouldhavetogotoVietnambeforetheconflictwouldbe overandthosefundscouldbeusedtocontinuethegreatsociety? 20)Whatmessagewascommunicatedwithmusic? 21)Peoplebeganrejecting. 22)Wherewasthecenterofthenewcounterculturemovement?Describethecharacteristicsofthis movement.

12 23)Thesocialfermentofthe1960swouldforeverchange. 24)Whatchangedwomen sviewofthemselvesandcontributedtothewomen smovement? 25)In1966,agroupoffeministsmostnotably foundedthe. Thiswasaturningpointinthewomen sliberationmovement. 26)WhathappenedoutsidetheMissAmericaPageantonSeptember7,1968? 27)Whatdidwomenlearnfromthecivilrightsmovement? 28)Bymid1966,theVietnamWarwassettlingintowhattypeofwar?Whatwereeachsides predictionforthewar soutcome? 29)AstheUSgrewfrustratedwiththeirinabilitytoachieve,theadministration continuedtodowhat? 30)ManyAmericansweredyingwithoutever. 31)By1967O1968,youhadtostartquestioning. 32)WhatwastheeffectoftheKheSanhcampaign? 33)Bynow,manyAmericansonthehomefrontdidn tseethevietnamwarasonefor.

13 34)HowdidTVchangetheAmericanwarexperience? 35)IntryingtostopthewarinVietnam,thedemonstrationsincreasedthewar. 36)TheTetOffensivewasa forthenorthvietnamesebuta. 37)WhatannouncementdidJohnsonmakeaboutthe1968election? 38)AstheVietnamwarwasquicklybecomingthe inamerica shistory, collegecampuseswererackedbyfuriousprotest. 39)WhathappenedonApril4,1968?Howdidthenationrespond? 40)WhodidAmericathinkcould turnbackthetideofviolence?whathappenedtohim? 41)Inthose days,peoplefelttheyneverwouldbe. 42)DelegatesarrivedattheDemocraticNationalConventioninChicagotofindthecityan. 43)Itseemedtomany,thecountryitself 44)WhodidAmericaelectaspresidentin1968?

14 The 1960s- The Rise of Liberalism The$Rise$of$Liberalism$ I.Context: anddomestic II.$KEY$BELIEF:Governmentcan 5ITISTHE III.Politicalparty: IV.EarlyAppearances A.Truman s 1.Desegregationof B.Kennedy s 1.Federalaidtoeducation 2.NASA 3. 4.Federalhealthcaresupport 5.Urbanrenewal 6. *Mostprograms Movements$for$Change$ I.$Civil$Rights$ Minorities$ A.AfricanAmericans 1.Goal:fulfillReconstruction5erapromises a. b. 2.Provideda 3.TheNonviolentApproach a.organizationsandkeyleaders NAACP(legalaction)5 1957:SouthernChristianLeadershipConference(SCLC)5 1960:StudentNonviolentCoordinatingCommittee(SNCC)5 b.keyevents(1950s51960s) /

15 B.NativeAmericans : a.1969:alcatraztakeover b.1973:woundedknee : a.increasestribalauthority C.Latinos 1.Context: 2.Rapidlygrowinggroup(largestby2000) a. 3.Heavysettlementinthe 4. a.19755collectivebargainingrights Gender/Sexuality A.Women srightsmovement 1. (1963) 2. (NOW) 3.Birthcontrolpill 4.Risingnumbersintheworkplace 5.Gov.response: (1972) B.GayRightsMovement 1. (1969) II.$Environmental$Movement$ A. (1962) B.GovernmentAction CleanAirAct CleanWaterAct

16 The$Government$Brings$Change$ I.$Johnson s$great$society$ A.Significance: 1.Brings thatcivilrightsactivistsandothershaveaskedfor 2.Massiveexpansionofthe 3.Theepitomeof 4.ImplementedinconjunctionwithJohnson santicommunisteffortsabroad B.Johnson slegislativesuccess CIVILRIGHTS (1964) * FEDERALAIDTOEDUCATION ElementarySecondaryEducation* HigherEducationAct. FEDERALHEALTHCAREASSISTANCE * ImmigrationActof1965* DepartmentofTransportation(DOT) DepartmentofHousingandUrban Development(HUD) NationalFoundationontheArtsandthe Humanities C.TheWaronPoverty ExpansionofSocialSecuritybenefits.,healthclinicsand urbanrenewal TheOEO ( ) HeadStart JobCorps CommunityActionProgram D.EvaluatingtheGreatSociety 1.Johnsonsuccessfullypushes 2.Statisticaldeclineinpoverty 3.ImpactofVietnam: II.TheSupremeCourt A.TheWarrenCourt( ) 1.Focus: (civilrights,religion, criminals,sexualfreedom,speech,etc.) 2.Famouscases (1954) Reynoldsv.Sims(1964) (1966) Engelv.Vitale(1962) (1969) Gideonv.Wainwright(1963) (1965) B.TheBurgerCourt: (1973)

17 Liberalism$Under$Attack$ I.DoubtsfromtheLeft A.Criticism:liberalismdid theracialandeconomic statusquoathomeandpursued B.DISILLUSIONMENTANDDOUBTS C.MilitantCivilRights 1.Context: 2.Problems: a. b. c. 3.RESULT: a.august1965: b. LongHotSummer of KernerCommission: Ournationismovingtowardtwosocieties,oneblack, onewhiteaseparateandunequal 5.BlackSeparatismBlackPower a.stressed: i. ii.confrontationalprotest iii.hostilitytowardswhites b.examples: i. ii. iii.sncc c.impact:dividedmovementlost D.StudentProtest 1.Disillusionmentwith a.criticizeanticommunistforeignpolicy:vietnam 2. II.PushbackfromtheRight A.Conservativepushbackstartsinthe1960sandwillberealizedinthe1980s B.Advocated: a.phyllisschlaflyandtheera 3. III.EndofConsensus5ADividedNation A. a.theelectionof1968 B. C.Politicalrealignment, D. a.youthculture:informality,vietnamprotest,counterculture,sexual revolution

18 The United States in the1970s Directions:Usethevideotofindspecificexamplesofthefollowingnationaltrendsofthe1970s. NationalChallenges Whyisthenation demoralizedbythe1970s? AGrowingCredibilityGap WhyareAmericans increasinglydistrustfulof theirgovernment? Liberalsvs.Conservatives Howarethesetwogroups changingandwhyaretheyin conflict? AChangingColdWar Istensionescalatingor relaxingandwhy?consider theimpactofeachpresident.

19 NationalChallenges AGrowingCredibilityGap Liberalsvs.Conservatives AChangingColdWar

20 Nixon, Ford, Carter I. Nixon s Domestic Agenda A. of power to states, B. Compromise with Congress ( ) II. the Oil Shocks and Recession A. Organization of Exporting Countries. B. Spiked oil prices, and the US (6-Day War, Yom Kippur War) C. Inflation and unemployment and interest rates soar ( ). D. Responded to with wage and, ended III. The Warren Court A. B. Reynolds v. Sims C. D. Engel v. Vitale E. Tinker v. Des Moines F. IV. Nixon the Court A. Earl Warren replaced with. B. Appointment of social conservative justices. ( ) C. Notable Backfires: United States v. Nixon. V Election A. Nixon, Wallace,. B. Wallace shot. C. McGovern perceived as indecisive l. D. Low turnout, but a for Nixon VI. Nixon Strength: Foreign Policy A. Nixon Doctrine B., Cambodia, War Powers Act C. Détente D. Strategic arms limitation talks ( ) with USSR E. theory F. Diplomacy 1. In 1971 the US team was invited to play in China. 2. They would be the first Americans in Beijing in 3. Nixon goes next in 1972, contributes to VII. Watergate A. the Pentagon Papers. B. The Plumbers C. Break in at National Headquarters D. Cover up of Nixon s involvement in illegal activities. E. The Final Days 1. Saturday Night 2. US v. Nixon denies and releases tapes. 3. tape seals Nixon s fate

21 4. Judiciary Committee recommends impeachment, but Nixon (8/8/74). Post Watergate VIII. Gerald Ford A. Appointed VP on resignation. B. Assumed the Presidency on Nixon s resignation C. Nixon s pardon, and a. D. Fall of (1975) E. Ford s Presidency 1. Appearance of inaction in the economy (despite ). 2. Pursued Nixon s foreign policy ( ) 3. Support for the. 4. Defeated by in IX. Jimmy Carter A. Governor of Georgia. B. Never really learned how. C., disastrous economic policies create a recession in D. Carter s Foreign Policy 1. Emphasis on 2. Gradual transfer of 3. Soviets invade in 1979 a. Failure of b. Boycott of 4. between Egypt Israel E. Iranian Revolution 1. Fundamentalist overthrows Shah 2. Problems blamed on U.S. 3. Second 4. The Hostage Crisis a. In 1979 Iranian militants take 50 American hostages from in Tehran b. The Iranians declared they would hold the hostages until the US forced the Shah to. c. Failed rescue mission in 1980, released after

22 Reagan/Bush/Clinton I. Rise of Conservatism A. Coalition of: 1. Religious 2. Political Conservatives B. Leading issues 1. a. Begins in California ( ) 2. Moral Revival a. Roe v. Wade b. 3. Reverse Discrimination a. v. University of CA II. Election of 1980 A. Reagan defeats Carter B. broken up C. Congress dominantly conservative (end of ) III. Reagan Revolution A. Promised 1. Lowered Taxes 2. Reduced government spending on 3. Build up the 4. Create a more federal court B. Reaganomics 1. Economics a. Tax cuts would increase investment, and prosperity b. c. Reminiscent of i. Tax cuts for all, but primarily for d. Cuts in welfare, increases in military spending e. i. On, corporate mergers, and protection C. Results 1. Recovery from 2. Widening gap between rich and poor 3. Big win in against Mondale a. Still favoring Democrats: and the poor 4. Huge ($200 billion/year) a. National debt under Reagan 5. Increased (debtor nation) 6. Changed the conversation: instead of what to add IV. Reagan s Cold War A. B. Military Build-up 1. Strategic Defense Initiative ( )

23 C. Aids friendly right wing dictators or rebels in Central America ( ) D. coup E. F. Teflon president G. Gorbechev 1. Easing of tensions a. : openness b. Perestroika: Restructuring of 2. Pulled out troops in 3. End of Cold War at hand V. Bush A., no new taxes B. End of Cold War Breakup of Soviet Union 3. (<10,000 each side), START II C. Desert Storm 1. Saddam Hussein invades (oil-rich) a. Threatened 2. ½ million American troops won 3. Iraq in less than 100 hours D. Domestic Problems Economic Issues a. Savings and Loan crisis b. Even higher deficits c. d. Recession begins in 1990 VI. Clinton A. It s the economy, stupid B. Setbacks 1. Republican killed much reform (stimulus, campaign-finance, environmental, ) C. Successes: 1. with zealous Republican Congress on budget 2. First since 1969

24 Bush, Clinton, Bush, Obama Desert Storm Afghanistan War in Afghanistan Iraq War

25 Post 9/11 at Home Problems in Yugoslavia Clinton Domestic The Great Recession