Name Class Date. Section 1 The Mississippi Territory, Directions: Use the information from pages to complete the following.

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1 GUIDED READING A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4: From Territory to Statehood, Section 1 The Mississippi Territory, Directions: Use the information from pages to complete the following. 1. On April 7, 1798, just one week after the evacuated Natchez, the United States established the Territory. 2. The that created the Mississippi Territory was based on the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which established the Territory and provided for its government. 3. The law for the Northwest Territory stated that was. 4. The law creating the Mississippi Territory made slavery in Mississippi. 5. The law that created the Mississippi Territory designated as the. 6. In 1802, the territorial assembly the capital from Natchez to. 7. College, Mississippi's first -supported institution of higher, was established at Washington in The college was named for Thomas. 9. Elizabeth Female, which is considered by some historians as the nation's Collegiate Institute for, was founded at Washington in A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-1 Page 1 of 5

2 10. Among Washington's most renowned citizens were John James, the famous, and Joseph Holt, who, with his son Prentiss Ingraham, more than seven hundred. 11. The Mississippi River and the (the overland route that followed a northeasterly path beginning in Natchez) were the two main routes into the Mississippi Territory, but they were by gangs of robbers who made both life and property unsafe in the new territory. 12. The first erected in Mississippi was a. 13. (large boats with flat bottoms and square ends, used for carrying freight downstream) carried a variety of from Kentucky and Tennessee down the Mississippi River, past Natchez, to the of New Orleans. 14. The slow-moving flatboats were easy to the cutthroats and robbers who clustered in bands along the great river and the Natchez Trace. 15. The (thickets of cane) near Vicksburg were among their favorite hideouts. 16. While land titles were being settled in the Mississippi Territory, one of the most spectacular in history was being negotiated by American agents in. 17. In 1802 there was a rumor that Spain might Louisiana back to. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-1 Page 2 of 5

3 18. After learning that Spain to return Louisiana to France, President Thomas opened with France. 19. He [Jefferson] did not want to buy of Louisiana; he just wanted. 20. However, when Emperor Napoleon of France offered to sell all 828,000 square miles of the Louisiana for, which was about cents and, President Jefferson the deal. 21. This Louisiana Purchase more than the of the United States. 22. In September 1810, a group of captured the Spanish fort at Baton Rouge and established the Republic of West. 23. They [Republic of West Florida] immediately asked for (adding territory to an existing governmental unit) to the United States. 24. President James issued a proclamation stating they would be part of the United States. 25. The basic of the between England and America was of the, but, as far as the Territory was concerned, it was primarily an. 26. For about a year before the war, agents in the United States had been forming with various nations. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-1 Page 3 of 5

4 27. The British to their tribal to the Indians if they helped the United States. 28., the famous warrior, helped the British organize the Indian tribes. 29. In 1811, Tecumseh came to to the Choctaw and Chickasaw in his great confederation of Indian nations. 30. The Choctaw and Chickasaw Tecumseh in his war against the Americans, but the Nation did. 31. Soon after Tecumseh's speech, Creek war parties white settlements along the southern frontier. 32. General Andrew and his Tennessee were ordered to the. 33. At the famous Battle of on March 27, 1814, General Jackson the Creek nation and them to the Treaty of Fort Jackson. 34. Under the terms of that treaty, the Creek nation nearly 23 of land to the United States. 35. After the defeat of the Creek, General Jackson was ordered to to the city against a invasion. 36. When the of New Orleans took place on January 8, 1815, the War of 1812 was already. 37. But the British naval commanders, nor General Jackson had the official news. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-1 Page 4 of 5

5 38. This famous battle, which was a great for, made General Jackson a national and helped him the election several years later. 39. After the War of 1812, Mississippi's population rapidly and soon reached the necessary for advancement to 40. After a was written and state were, the U.S. officially admitted Mississippi to statehood on December 10, was named the state. 42. Under the Constitution of 1817, our first state constitution, was maintained as a institution. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-1 Page 5 of 5

6 GUIDED READING A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4: From Territory to Statehood, Section 2 Early statehood, Directions: Use the information from pages to complete the following. 1. One of the challenges facing the young American republic in its early years was (an allegiance to local, rather than national, interests). 2. This problem was caused by the differences in and that existed in various parts of the country. 3. People in each of these regions, or sections, developed local and traditions and different interests. 4. Representatives and senators in the U.S. Congress almost always and policies that were for their section. 5. One of the major causes of sectionalism was the protective. 6. A is a placed on manufactured that are into America from foreign countries. 7. This tax is to the of the products when they are sold to the American people. 8. The of this tax is to American from the of manufacturers in other. 9. Another that caused serious sectional differences was. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-2 Page 1 of 4

7 10. In the agricultural states, was the primary system of. 11. The state's most abundant was. 12. There were several that had to be overcome before the state could realize the maximum benefit from this resource. 13. In 1817, there were few and in Mississippi. 14. Also, many of the state's, another natural resource, were not for any great distance. 15. In order for settlers to and the land, they had to be able to get to it. 16. The need for (roads, bridges, canals, and other transportation needs) was one of the most important issues to come before the state legislature. 17. In 1821, the appointed a special committee to recommend a for a state as near the of the state as possible. 18. The committee recommended on the Pearl River. In December 1822, this city was renamed in honor of General Andrew Jackson. 19. On September 10, 1832, forty-eight met at Jackson and a state [the constitution from 1817 was outdated]. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-2 Page 2 of 4

8 20. Among the most important in the Mississippi Constitution of 1832 was the of all qualifications for public and. 21. The 1832 constitution as a legal institution. 22. The 1832 constitution the in both of the legislature and created several new state agencies. 23. The Constitution of 1832 also the to live in Jackson during his term of office. 24. To provide for the needs of an state, the first legislature to meet after the adoption of the new constitution appropriated $105,000 for the of a state and a for the governor. 25. In antebellum Mississippi, there were two major, the and the. 26. Only the and the remained in Mississippi when it was admitted to. 27. In the early 1830s, these two large nations [Indian] their remaining tribal and moved to. 28. Those land cessions more than the area open for white settlement and caused a and explosion that transformed Mississippi's and system. 29. The economic expansion of the early 1830s was known as the. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-2 Page 3 of 4

9 30. were imported into the state in ever-increasing numbers. 31. During those Flush Times, Mississippians established the system and the economy and linked their destiny to. 32. One of the most important developments of the Flush Times was Mississippi's increasing on a - cotton economy, a crop that became known as. 33. The first major over slavery was not about the of the institution, but the of slavery into the established in the Louisiana Territory. 34. If there were more states, they [congressmen and senators of each state] could the national government in. If there were more states, they would control the national government. 35. The early controversy over into the territories was resolved by the of After the Missouri Compromise, states were to the Union in, with one state and one state admitted at the same time. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-2 Page 4 of 4

10 GUIDED READING A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4: From Territory to Statehood, Section 3 Events Leading to Secession, Directions: Use the information from pages to complete the following. 1. In 1836, gained its independence from Mexico and asked the United States to the territory. 2. Most Texans were who had moved to Texas to acquire cheap land and plant cotton; and, they took their with them. 3. Slavery in Texas was. 4. As Texas was seeking admission to statehood, also petitioned for [to the Union] and was admitted as a state on March 3, The admission of those two states tipped the in of the states. 6. In the spirit of the Compromise of 1820, two states were soon admitted to restore a balance between free and slave states. 7. did not recognize the of Texas. 8. Within a year after the annexation of Texas, was at with Mexico. 9. Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848, which the Mexican War, the United states the that includes all or part of the present states of New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and California. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 1 of 6

11 10. The Mexican War had broad popular in and the, but it was very in the. 11. (those who wanted to end slavery) claimed that the war was destined to the political of the. 12. To prevent this happening [increase of political power of slave states], David Wilmot, a congressman from Pennsylvania, introduced a to slavery from any of the territory that America might from. 13. This bill, called the, ignited a bitter sectional in. 14. The law was, but Mississippians and other southerners were angry that states would try to them from their into the western territory. 15. By the time the war was over in 1848, some were talking about and the formation of a. 16. On June 3, 1850, from nine southern states, including, met in Nashville, Tennessee. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 2 of 6

12 17. The of this meeting was to a that would legalize slavery in Utah and New Mexico territories and would prevent the admission of California as a free state. 18. While the convention was in session, Senator Henry of Kentucky introduced several bills that were designed to sectional. 19. Clay introduced a series of bills that became known as the. 20. The Compromise of 1850 resolve the between the free and slave states. 21. Mississippi's two United States in 1850 were Henry Stuart and Jefferson. 22. Senator Foote strongly the compromise, but Senator Davis, Mississippi's most popular politician, and voted the compromise. 23. The Mississippi also the compromise and authorized a special election in September 1851 to elect to a. 24. This call for a special election sparked a great public debate and caused a major of political in Mississippi. 25. Senator Foote his seat in the U.S. Senate, returned home, and organized the. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 3 of 6

13 26. This party was composed of both Whigs and Democrats who had one thing in common; they were to. 27. The convention delegates assembled in on November 10, What was supposed to be a convention turned out to be something quite different. 29. Instead of passing an ordinance (cutting) the ties between and the, the convention passed a reprimanding the legislature for the. 30. The also declared that, even though they with all of its provisions, the state of Mississippi should and abide by the of However, the delegates asserted that a state the constitutional and legal to from the Union. 32. In the early 1850s, a of southern began making throughout the South. 33. These men, called -, tried to the southern people that was the only southerners had if they wanted to maintain their traditional way of. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 4 of 6

14 34. An increasing number of southerners the of the fire-eaters and began to think in terms of an southern. 35. The - Act of 1854 created new of Kansas and Nebraska and specified that the status of in those territories would be determined by. 36. The law also the Missouri Compromise. 37. in the free states the law, but applauded the Kansas-Nebraska Act because it opened a vast new territory to. 38. Both sections [North and South] immediately realized the importance of into Kansas, where a popular vote would determine the of slavery. 39. The New England Immigrant Aid Society was formed to assist (those opposed to the extension of slavery into the territories) migrating to Kansas. 40. One of the most important decisions in the nation's history, the, in the case of Dred Scott v. Sanford, was made on March 6, Dred Scott was a who had been taken by his owner from Missouri, where slavery was, to Illinois and Minnesota, where slavery was. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 5 of 6

15 42. When his [Dred Scott] owner died, he was purchased by an abolitionist who allowed him to file in federal court seeking his. 43. The U.S. Supreme Court that Dred Scott had because he was taken into free territory. 44. On October 16, 1859, led a on the federal arsenal at, Virginia (now West Virginia). 45. Brown's was to capture a supply of and and lead the in armed. 46. The raid was successful; Brown was by federal soldiers under the command of Robert E., and later tried,, and in December of After the Dred Scott decision and John Brown's Raid, were weary of compromises and began to view the bitter struggle over as an (impossible to control) that would lead eventually to between the free states and the slave states. A Place Called Mississippi Chapter 4-3 Page 6 of 6