Name: Class: Date: STUDY GUIDE - CHAPTER 03 TEST: Federalism

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1 Name: Class: Date: STUDY GUIDE - CHAPTER 03 TEST: Federalism Multiple Choice 1. The primary reason that the Framers chose to unify the country was that a. unions allow for smaller entities to pool their resources. b. they wanted to revoke states' rights. c. they wanted to create a unitary system. d. unions allow for larger states to dominate. e. unions allow for collective bargaining. 2. A exists when people have a sense of common identity due to a common origin, history, or ancestry, all of which the colonists shared. a. state b. nation c. union d. confederation e. country 3. In a, independent states grant powers to a national government. a. unitary system b. confederal system c. federal system d. proportional system e. feudal system 4. In a, virtually all power goes to the national government. a. confederal system b. federal system c. unitary system d. system of self-government e. multifederal system 5. A system of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between the national and state governments is known as a. the supremacy clause. b. implied powers. c. states rights. d. federalism. e. a confederal system. 6. The Framers feared that too much power in any government would lead to a. autocracy. b. monarchy. c. tyranny. d. meritocracy. e. socialism.

2 7. At the time the Constitution was written, virtually all the world s governments were either a. confederal or federal. b. federal or unitary. c. multifederal systems or federal. d. unitary or confederal. e. self-government or federal. 8. is enhanced when decisions that affect the citizens' lives are made by representatives who are local, closer to them, and more similar to them. a. Direct democracy b. Proportional representation c. Unitary system d. Self-government e. Socialism 9. Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution details the powers of Congress. a. implied b. forced c. explicit d. concurrent e. enumerated 10. The necessary and proper clause gives Congress the power to pass laws that are related to the a. enumerated powers. b. police powers. c. concurrent powers. d. denied powers. e. implied powers. 11. The reserve powers of the states, sometimes referred to as the, include the powers to protect the safety, health, and welfare of citizens. a. concurrent powers b. national powers c. people powers d. police powers e. safety powers 12. Powers held by both the national and state governments in a federal system are called a. concurrent powers. b. denied powers. c. police powers. d. enumerated powers. e. express powers. 13. Which of the following remain almost exclusively within state authority? a. marriage and divorce law b. insurance regulations c. professional licensing d. prosecuting state crimes e. all of these

3 14. The writ of provides the right of individuals who have been arrested and jailed to go before a judge who determines if their imprisonment is legal. a. certiorari b. due process c. error d. habeas corpus e. mandamus 15. The Constitution prohibits the state governments from a. passing bills of attainder. b. passing ex post facto laws. c. taxing imports and exports. d. entering into any treaty or alliance with foreign nations. e. all of these. 16. A form of government in which political power is exercised directly by citizens is a(n) a. republican government. b. indirect democracy. c. direct democracy. d. self-government. e. unitary system. 17. The Bill of Rights originally applied to a. the state governments. b. the national government. c. both the national and state governments. d. city governments. e. all levels of government. 18. The Constitution guarantees that states provide a form of government. a. direct b. unitary c. republican d. federal e. socialist 19. The Fifteenth Amendment prohibits states from denying a. voting rights on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. b. due process of law. c. equal protection of the law. d. the right to assembly. e. the right to privacy. 20. The, which passed in 1868, prohibits states from denying any person due process and the equal protection of the laws. a. Tenth Amendment b. Eleventh Amendment c. Twelfth Amendment d. Thirteenth Amendment e. Fourteenth Amendment

4 21. The clause makes the Constitution of the United States, plus all laws and treaties made under the Constitution, superior to state law. a. commerce b. confrontation c. guarantee d. republican e. supremacy 22. Congress taking over the state regulation of warnings on cigarette packages is an example of a. preemption. b. supremacy clause. c. direct democracy. d. implied powers. e. none of these. 23. Congress exercises its implied powers through the a. general welfare clause. b. privileges and immunities clause. c. equal protection clause. d. full faith and credit clause. e. necessary and proper clause. 24. The Constitution requires agreements between two or more states to receive the approval of a. the president. b. the Supreme Court. c. three-fourths of the states. d. the people. e. Congress. 25. The, as part of the Constitution under Article I, Section 8, establishes the exclusive authority of Congress to regulate commerce among the states. a. supremacy clause b. commerce clause c. direct democracy d. state s rights e. reserve powers 26. The prohibits the states from establishing trade barriers, or leveling unequal taxes against goods from another state. a. necessary and proper clause b. general welfare clause c. commerce clause d. full faith and credit clause e. supremacy clause 27. Under current U.S. law, if a heterosexual couple is married in Las Vegas, they are married in all 50 states due to the of the Constitution. a. general welfare clause b. interstate commerce clause c. full faith and credit clause d. equal protection clause

5 e. necessary and proper clause 28. In 1798, the Federalist administration of John Adams passed the Act, making criticism of the government illegal. a. Criticism b. Embargo c. McCarthy d. Sedition e. War Powers 29. The right of the states to reject national laws that would be beyond the powers granted in the Constitution is referred to as a. direct democracy. b. a unitary system. c. states rights. d. nullification. e. none of these. 30. In, the Court ruled that the authority of Congress to regulate commerce among the states gave it, rather than the states, the authority to manage the licensing of steamboats traveling between New York and New Jersey. a. Dred Scott v. Sandford b. Gibbons v. Ogden c. Marbury v. Madison d. McCulloch v. Maryland e. Prigg v. Pennsylvania 31. Supporters of states' rights, such as Thomas Jefferson, believed that the central focus of power rests with a. the states. b. the federal government. c. the people. d. the Congress. e. the townships. 32. In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had the power to create a bank due to the a. necessary and proper clause. b. full faith and credit clause. c. privileges and immunities clause. d. interstate commerce clause. e. fugitive slave clause. 33. Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court fostered the view that the system of government was - centered. a. state b. nation c. people d. township e. county

6 34. Slavery concessions at the Constitutional Convention included the clause of Article IV, requiring states to return runaway slaves. a. fugitive slave b. guarantee c. personal liberty d. private property e. supremacy 35. During the Civil War, Lincoln used his power as commander in chief to issue the, which prohibited slavery in states under rebellion, as slave labor was an asset to the Confederate army. a. Articles of Proclamation b. Declaration of Independence c. Emancipation Proclamation d. Fugitive Slave Act e. Personal Liberty Act 36. In 1857, the Supreme Court sided with the states rights supporters, declaring in that Congress had no authority to regulate slavery in the territories. a. Dred Scott v. Sandford b. Prigg v. Pennsylvania c. Brown v. Board of Education d. Marbury v. Madison e. none of these 37. Vice President John C. Calhoun argued that states had the right to nullify laws as well as secede from the union if they desired. To secede means that the state(s) a. disobey an act of Congress. b. fail to enforce the full faith and credit clause. c. fail to enforce the fugitive slave clause. d. formally leave the union. e. do none of these. 38. The Amendment prohibited slavery throughout the nation. a. Eleventh b. Thirteenth c. Fourteenth d. Fifteenth e. Seventeenth 39. federalism recognizes that while the national government is supreme in some spheres, the state governments remain supreme in others, with layers of authority separate from one another, an arrangement that political scientists compared to a layer cake. a. Confrontational b. Cooperative c. Dual d. Multi e. State-centered

7 40. The doctrine of dual federalism holds that a. the function of government is determined by the people. b. the federal government has more functions than the state governments. c. the state governments have more functions than the federal government. d. the state and federal governments have the exact same functions. e. the state and federal governments have separate functions. 41. In 1932, was elected president having promised a New Deal to Americans who had lost their jobs, their homes, and their savings in the Great Depression. a. Abraham Lincoln b. Benjamin Franklin c. Franklin Roosevelt d. George Washington e. Theodore Roosevelt 42. President Franklin Roosevelt's proposal to add new justices to the Supreme Court so that the Court would uphold his policies is referred to as a. the Court-packing plan. b. the Congress-packing plan. c. the switch in time that saved nine. d. the grand bargain. e. the Roosevelt compromise. 43. The Act of 1964 prohibits job discrimination and segregation in public accommodations. a. Antidiscrimination b. Civil Rights c. Embargo d. Fugitive Slave e. Voting Rights 44. The Johnson administration gave money to the states for its programs through, which was money for the states to use on what the national government wanted. a. block grants b. Pell Grants c. categorical grants d. piece-meal grants e. marque grants 45. The Nixon administration began a trend, labeled as, of shifting powers back to the states. a. dual federalism b. new federalism c. fiscal federalism d. cooperative federalism e. layer cake federalism

8 46. President Reagan cut back on categorical grants and replaced them with, which are more flexible and set fewer restrictions on how the states can use the money. a. free grants b. marque grants c. Pell Grants d. categorical grants e. block grants 47. Congress originally played almost no role in public school (K 12) education; that role has a. increased since World War I. b. decreased since World War I. c. increased since World War II. d. decreased since World War II. e. basically stayed the same. 48. President George W. Bush s administration strengthened national authority, sometimes at the expense of the states, by a. supporting the passage of the No Child Left Behind Act. b. supporting a prescription drug plan for Medicare. c. going to court to preempt California s fuel economy and emission standards for cars. d. establishing national standards for driver s licenses. e. all of these. 49. Over time, the Court's definition of what constituted interstate commerce grew to include a. only commerce that occurs between states. b. anything that affected interstate commerce. c. only commerce that occurs intrastate. d. anything that affected foreign trade. e. none of the above. 50. President George W. Bush s effort to revamp this Elementary and Secondary Education Act program by imposing stricter performance and accountability standards for education is better known as a. No Child Left Behind. b. USA PATRIOT Act. c. Contract with America. d. Elementary and Secondary Education Act. e. Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act. 51. Most states grant their governors a line-item veto, which is the ability to a. sign and pass legislation in its entirety. b. veto legislation in its entirety. c. veto certain parts of spending bills without vetoing the entire bill. d. propose specific provisions in legislation. e. pass independent legislation. 52. Which type of government is far more diverse in function and design than that of the state government? a. federal government b. local government c. special jurisdiction government d. county government

9 e. none of these 53. The most distinctive form of local government in the United States is, in which the adult population of the town meets at least once a year to adopt the budget and vote on any legislation being considered. a. the city-manager system b. the New England town meeting c. indirect democracy d. the Missouri Plan e. the city-state 54. are examples of direct democracy. a. New England town meetings b. Recalls c. Initiatives d. Referenda e. All of these 55. is a process that allows legislatures to put certain issues on the ballot for citizen approval and requires legislatures to seek citizen approval for certain actions by the legislature. a. The New England town meeting b. The recall c. The initiative d. The referendum e. Direct democracy 56. A citizen petition for a particular law is a. a recall. b. an initiative. c. a referendum. d. an election. e. all of these. 57. How many states allow for the use of initiatives? a. 4 b. 17 c. 24 d. 36 e. all states 58. A unitary system increases costs by increasing the number of people who disagree with the policies of the government. These costs are not financial; they represent the dissatisfaction that people feel when they live under laws that they do not like. a. conformity b. diffusion c. election d. general e. all of these

10 59. Madison and the Framers preferred over local democracies, fearful that local majorities would infringe on the rights of local minorities. a. direct democracy at the national level b. a large-scale democracy c. a large-scale republic d. small-scale town meetings e. a small-scale republic 60. Overall, federalism enhances democracy by a. enabling more people to live under laws that are made locally. b. forcing everyone in a nation to live under all of the same rules. c. reducing the number of laws that are made locally. d. reducing the number of government officials. e. all of these.