The Executive Branch
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1 The Executive Branch
2 The Executive Branch Enforces the laws Head of Executive Branch is the President Can make quick decisions in crucial situations Both Congress and courts take time to get things done
3 The President Article II of the Constitution take care that the laws be faithfully executed preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States No titles of nobility Mr. President $400,000 per year
4 Qualifications for the President Article II, Section 1 Must be 35 years old Must be a natural born citizen Must have been a resident of the US for at least 14 years
5 Vice President Same qualifications as President No term limits The Constitution called for the 2 nd place finisher in the electoral college to become VP Changed by 12 th amendment Specific Duties enumerated in the Constitution Successor to Presidency, Presides over Senate Other duties (not listed) Advisor to the President Spokesman for the Administration Most feel that it is a thankless and powerless role John Adams most insignificant office ever ever conceived John Nance Garner The Vice Presidency is not worth a bucket of warm spit
6 Electing a President Primary Elections Each political party selects one candidate to run Each party holds Primary Elections to determine who their candidate will be Candidates try to win states and collect delegates to represent them at the Party s s nominating convention In 2008 the Democrats chose Barack Obama; the Republicans chose John McCain; Bob Bahr and Ralph Nader ran as third party candidates. Sometimes there may be over 20 candidates for president from various parties, independents, and write-in in candidates. Ralph Nader Bob Barr
7 The Electoral College Article II, Sec. 1 Each STATE votes for president the people in each state vote to determine who will get their electoral votes Vote for electors pledged to vote for a certain candidate Each state s s number of electors is the total number of Senators and Representatives from each state A candidate needs 270 electoral votes to win (a majority) 538 total electors
8 Term Limits Elected to a 4 year term FDR is the only president to serve more than 2 terms (4 from ) Two term limit as of nd amendment Can serve 10 years total (no more than 2 years of another s term)
9 Roles of The President Also Known As The Leader of the Free World Head of State Chief Executive Commander in Chief Chief Diplomat Derived from Article II, Sections 2-42
10 Head of State Awards medals & honors, makes speeches Usually does not write or memorize his own speeches Employs staff speech writers whom he directs, advises, and revises The most visible part of government Official Representative of the United States at functions or ceremonies
11 Commander in Chief Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces Commands over 1 million military personnel Authorizes the use of troops overseas Authorizes the use of the National Guard to keep the peace/enforce the laws in the U.S.
12 Chief Diplomat Makes treaties with other nations The Senate must approve any treaty before it becomes official Nominates ambassadors Needs Senate approval Receives ambassadors from other nations May make executive agreements (like a treaty) that function as law without congressional consent Congress can nullify it by passing legislation of its own George W. Bush with former Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi
13 Chief Executive Enforces federal laws Presents his agenda in the State of the Union address to Congress Recommends legislation to Congress Cannot introduce a bill Convenes both houses of Congress in special joint session Approves laws passed by Congress
14 Economic Planner Gets credit/blame for the economy, but does not control the economy Reacts to/promotes economy Some of his proposed legislation can help or hurt the economy Monitors unemployment, taxation, business, and general economic welfare of the US
15 The Presidential Cabinet
16 The Presidential Cabinet Lincoln and his Team of Rivals: This engraving depicts the first reading of the Emancipation Proclamation before President Abraham Lincoln's cabinet in (Library of Congress) Comprised of heads of each executive department Other advisors Advise and work with the President Not outlined in Constitution George Washington created the first cabinet comprised of Departments of War, State, Treasury, and Justice-- --Attorney General
17 Executive Departments President Obama has 15 departments including Homeland Security, Labor, Education, Defense, Agriculture, etc. Help the President carry out, enforce, or execute the laws Keep the President informed on matters in their jurisdiction Can suggest legislation to President Administrative arms of the President
18 Executive Powers Appoints ambassadors, judges, cabinet members Can request written opinions and reports from executive officials Execute laws Use of National Guard if necessary Decision making
19 Checks and Balances On the Legislative Branch (Congress) Can Veto Bills proposed by Congress Can convene special sessions of Congress
20 Checks and Balances On the Judiciary (Courts) Appoints Federal/Supreme Court judges Must be approved by Congress Grant pardons for federal crimes (except impeachments)
21 Federalism State of Indiana Chief executive is called the Governor State police are the most visible arm of the executive branch Enforce Indiana laws
22 Federalism City of Valparaiso Chief executive for local government is called the Mayor Valparaiso Police Dept., the Street Dept., the Park Dept.
23 The White House Interactive Tour of the White House White House Rooms Protecting the White House Uniformed Secret Service Marine Sentries
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