Chapters 3-16 study guide for EOC

Transcription

1 Chapters 3-16 study guide for EOC 1. Bicameral The U.S. Congress is divided into two chambers, so it is what type of legislature? 2. Senate The Upper Chamber is called what? 3. House of Representative The Lower Chamber is called what? 4. Two _ Members of the House of Representatives serve for how many years? 5. Six _ Members of the Senate serve for how many years? 6. Two How many Senators are elected from each state? 7. Population What determines the number of House members from each state? 8. Speaker of the House The person in charge of the majority party in the House is called what? 9. Vice President Who (title) is the President of the Senate? 10. President pro tempore What is the title of the person who takes over the Senate when the President of the Senate is missing? 11. _whip What title is used for the assistant leader for both the majority and minority leaders in both Houses? 12. Seniority What determines who gets on powerful committees? 13. Expressed powers Congressional powers spelled out in the Constitution are called what? 14. Implied powers what type of Congressional powers arise out of the necessary and proper clause? 15. non-legislative powers Impeachment is an example of what type of power?(expressed) 16. Bill of Attainder Congress cannot pass laws that punish a person without a trial, known as what? 17. Ex post facto law Laws that declare an action as illegal being used to punish a person that committed the act before it was made illegal. (prohibited) 18. Filibuster _ Talking a Bill to death in the Senate is called what? 19. 2/3 vote An Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that begins in the Congress must pass both houses with what majority at a minimum? 20. House of Representatives All spending bills must begin where? 21. _None For a Bill to reach the President, how much difference can there be between the House and Senate versions? 22. The President Who is the chief diplomat of the United States? ,000 What is the current salary of the President of the United States? 24. Senate Who approves the treaties the President negotiates? 25. Four How many years is one Presidential term? years What is the maximum number of years a person can be President of the United States? 27. two What is the maximum number or terms a person can be elected to the Presidency? 28. Senate Who approves Presidential appointments to positions like Federal Judges? 29. Veto What is it called when the President officially forbids a bill passed by Congress? 30. Commander in Chief What title goes with the Presidency that means he is in charge of the US military? 31. President Pro Tempore When something happens to the President, Vice President, and Speaker of the House, who is next in line? 32. Republican (libertarian) What is the major political party that is identified as conservative?

2 33. Republican What party believes in using strict construction to greatly limit the size of the U.S. government? 34. Democratic What is the major political party that is identified as liberal? 35. Third Party What party is generally chosen instead of a major party when registering to vote? 36. The Tea Party What is the newly organized conservative party within the conservative party? 37. Platform What is the set of ideas for which a party stands that is decided at the party convention? 38. Plank What is each individual idea called within the set? 39. Debate What is it called when candidates appear together to each answer the same questions and make their positions known on issues? 40. Campaign Ads To what must candidates now add I approved this message? 41. Qualifications What term is used to describe a candidate s experience that relates to the position he/she seeks? 42. Biased The news media might unfairly cover a criminal or political event, affecting the opinions of viewers (making them ineligible for jury duty). 43. Propaganda The systematic effort to spread opinions or beliefs is called what? 44. Public policy _The actions a government makes to solve problems in a community The Florida House of Representatives has how many members? The Florida senate has how many members? 47. Reserve power _What type of power is administering elections? 48. Concurrent power What type of power is levying taxes? 49. Expressed power What type of power is the regulation of interstate commerce? 50. Expressed power What type of power is the declaration of war? 51. Criminal What type of law includes felonies and misdemeanors? 52. Civil law What type of law makes use of lawsuits? 53. Military law What type of law uses the court-martial? What state cabinet office oversees the following (54-56): 54. Secretary of State Elections and the licensing of businesses 55. Attorney General Legal disputes 56. Commission of Education Public schools 57. Judicial Review The U.S Supreme Court may declare laws passed by Congress to be unconstitutional, a process called what? 58. Nine There are how many Justices on the U.S. Supreme Court? 59. Life, death, impeachment or retirement Federal judges and Justices serve for how many years? 60. Impeachment What is the process that begins removal of a Federal Judge or Justice? 61. senate Federal Judges are appointed by the President and approved by whom? 62. original The first court that hears a case is said to have what type of jurisdiction. 63. District What is the First U.S Court to usually hear a case? What is the name of the following cases? 64. Marbury V. Madison Judicial Review

3 65. Plessy V. Ferguson Separate but equal 66. Gideon V. Wainwright Attorney provided for poor 67. Miranda V. Arizona Advised of rights before questioning 68. Brown V. Board Separate is not equal 69. Tinker V. DeMoines Students have first amendment rights 70. Hazelwood V. Kuhlmeier Student rights are limited 71. U.S. V. Nixon Executive privilege only for national security 72. Bush V. Gore Gore s vote recount canceled 73. Cultural Landmarks Examples are the Statue of Liberty, White House, Mount Rushmore, Capitol, Empire State Building, Gateway Arch, Independence Hall, Alamo, Hoover Dam 74. Constitutional monarchy by a King or Queen with an elected legislature. 75. Region Examples are The South, Rust-belt, and Silicon Valley. 76. Republic Representatives make decisions 77. Territory or Commonwealth Examples are American Samoa, Guam, and Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands. 78. Characteristics of a citizen Obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation, serve on juries 79. _conservation Using resources wisely to make them last. 80. Diffusion/movement The spread of culture. 81. Border of the U.S. and Mexico The Rio Grande River 82. The Three Branches of Government Separation of Powers 83. U.S and Canadian border The Great Lakes and 49 th parallel. 84. autocracy Rule by one person 85. communism The government owns all the businesses command economy 86. authoritarian Oligarchy 87. Enlightenment was the period of time in Europe, following the Renaissance, during which there was an explosion in scientific knowledge and political thinking. 88. Founding Fathers is the term for the leaders of the American Revolution who wrote the Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution. 89. Locke Which political philosopher inspired the reference in the Declaration of Independence to Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness? 90. Montesquieu was the philosopher who felt that government powers should be separated (into branches) to prevent any part from becoming too powerful. 91. Common Sense was a pamphlet, written by Thomas Paine that encouraged colonists to rebel against England.

4 92. Declaration of Independence was written as a final response to British Acts (Coercive Acts, Tea Act, etc.) and fighting at Lexington and Concord. It referenced the Laws of Nature and unalienable rights. 93. The Northeast (New England) (Colonies) had a cold climate and rocky soils, making large scale farming difficult. They specialized in logging, ship building, fishing, and fur trading. 94. The Southern (Colonies) had a warm climate and specialized in the large scale production and trade of agricultural products. 95. The middle (Colonies) had climate and soils that made the production of cash crops easy, and their natural resources resulted in mining, ironworks, and industry. 96. Magna Carta What English document established the principle and precedent of limited government in English law? 97. direct democracy All citizens vote on all issues 98. U.S. Physical landmarks Examples are Grand Canyon, Mt. Denali, Everglades, Great Salt Lake, Mississippi River, Great Plains. 99. Oil Resource found in The Gulf of Mexico, Alaska, and Texas/Oklahoma Gold Resource found in California and several western states Demographics Statistical characteristics of a population naturalization Method of becoming a citizen 103. English Bill of Rights established the right to a fair trial and required Parliamentary approval of taxes, moving England toward a Constitutional Monarchy Mayflower Compact was the government established by the Pilgrims in which they agreed to a direct democracy th Which amendment protects persons from being tried twice for the same crime? th Which amendment protects the rights of states? th Which amendment protects individuals from unreasonable search and seizure? nd Which amendment is about the right to bear arms? st Which amendment provides for the following freedoms: speech, religion, press, assembly, petition? th Which amendment guarantees that all people will be treated fairly under the law throughout the U.S..? It was originally intended to protect the rights of freed slaves th Which amendment gave women the right to vote? 112. Jury trial The seventh amendment guarantees what? 113. Freed male slaves Who won the right to vote first, women or freed male slaves? How old do you have to be to vote? 115. Self-incrimination Testifying against yourself is called what?

5 116. Poll taxes What kept minorities from voting (outlawed by the 24 th amendment)? 117. Quartered What is the term for being forced to keep soldiers in your home? 118. Eminent domain What is the taking of private land for the public good? 119. Federalist What group wanted a strong unifying national government? 120. Anti-federalist What group insisted the Constitution include a Bill of Rights because they did not trust the government? 121. Rule of Law What means that government officials are subject to the same laws as citizens? 122. Bill of Rights What part of the Constitution safeguards individual freedoms? 123. Reserved powers What type of powers belong only to the states? 124. Enumerated powers What type of powers belong only to the US government? (expressed or exclusive power) 125. Checks and balances What principle guarantees that each branch of government can limit the power of the other branches of government? 126. Absolute location An address or exact latitude and longitude citizens Members of a country who owe it their loyalty 128. Ohio Columbus (capital of?) 129. Maine Augusta (capital of?) 130. Delaware Dover (capital of?) 131. Concurrent powers What powers belong to both the US government and state governments? 132. The U.S Constitution What is the supreme law of the land?