Warm Up. 1 Create an episode map on the presidency of John Adams. 2 Use the notes online or information collected from other sources

Transcription

1 Warm Up 1 Create an episode map on the presidency of John Adams 2 Use the notes online or information collected from other sources 3 This is episode map #10

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3 The Jefferson Era

4 Do Now I. Create a bubble map on Thomas Jefferson II. Include 20 facts about the man III. Presidency, Revolution, Life, anything and everything on TJ

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10 End of the Federalists I. The American people grew unhappy with the Federalists during the Adams presidency A. Alien & Sedition Acts: violation of 1 st Amendment B. Quasi War: USA looks weak since we won t declare war on France C. XYZ: the world doesn t respect us à demanding bribes from us II. The Federalists unpopularity led the American people to seek political change in the election of 1800

11 The Election of 1800 I. The Federalists ran John Adams and Thomas Pinckney as VP II. D-Rs nominated Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr as VP III. The election end in a tie between Jefferson and Burr (73 votes each) IV. The House of Representatives decided the election

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13 The Election Results I. The Federalists tried to keep Jefferson from winning & voted for Burr II. Alexander Hamilton (leader) urged Federalist to vote for Jefferson A. Hamilton hated Burr more than he hated Hamilton III. Jefferson became President and Burr VP IV. Congress passed the 12 th Amendment in 1803 to prevent this from happening again A. Separate ballots for President and VP

14 A 2 nd Revolution I. The election of 1800 is considered to be a 2 nd revolution in the USA A. Usually when one political party is forced to give up power to another there is violence and bloodshed B. In 1800 control over the US government transferred from the Federalists to D-Rs peacefully II. Jefferson tried to unite the nation we are all Republicans, we are all Federalists

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16 Jefferson s Ideas I. Jefferson believed a large federal government threatened liberty and wanted to reduce the size/power of the US government II. He believed state governments better protected the people s from tyranny III. His ideas were similar to the French philosophy known as laissez-faire A. Hands off B. Lazy government : does nothing

17 Jefferson As President I. Jefferson reduced the national debt by shrinking the size of the government A. Reduced the number of employees and cut government spending II. Shrunk down military à reduced the size of army and navy III. Repealed all federal taxes, including the whiskey tax A. Kept taxes on imports to generate revenue to pay for the small government he controlled B. Also generated revenue through the sale of western lands IV. Jefferson believes the smaller the government = the better the government

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19 Jefferson & The Judicial Branch I. Before leaving office after the election 1800 Federalists in Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801 A. Increase the number of Federalist judges in the USA B. Ensure that the Federalist party would control one branch of government (judicial) C. President Adams would appoint these midnight judges before he left office II. After Jefferson became president he refused to sign/deliver the paperwork for the last of the midnight judges A. One of these judges was William Marbury B. Jefferson believed the law was unconstitutional

20 Marbury vs. Madison I. Marbury vs. Madison was an 1803 Supreme Court case that ruled on Jefferson s actions II. Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that the SCOTUS did not have the authority to decide this case A. The ruling went against William Marbury III. Marbury vs. Madison established the principle of judicial review A. The judicial branch can determine the constitutionality of laws and actions by the president and legislative branches B. The judicial branch can determine what can and cannot happen in the USA

21 Impact of Marbury vs. Madison I. Marbury vs. Madison greatly increased the power of the federal government II. The decision took power from state governments and placed it into the hands of the judicial branch III. The Supreme Court became the most powerful branch of government in an instant

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23 Are You With Me? 1 Discuss why the American people wanted a political change in the election of 1800: 2 Why is the election of 1800 considered a second revolution? 3 What is the purpose of the 12 th Amendment to the Constitution? 4 How did TJ s desire for small government impact the decisions he made in his presidency? 5 What Constitutional principle was established in the Supreme Court case Marbury vs. Madison?

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