Ch 7 Test Review. The Revolutionary War

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1 Ch 7 Test Review The Revolutionary War

2 Abigail Adams She was the wife of John Adams. She asked him to Remember the Ladies. She pressed him to give women equal status with men when forming the new government. Abigail Adams is also known to have advocated for public education for girls. John Adams He served as a delegate to both Continental Congresses and was on the committee to write the Declaration of Independence. Wentworth Cheswell He was an African-American elected town messenger for the regional Committee of Safety, He delivered messages for the Committee as a rider in the New England colonies. As soldier, he served in the Battles of Saratoga Mercy Otis Warren An American patriot and writer who authored plays, poems and essays supporting the idea of independence. Sister to James Otis wife of patriot James Warren, cofounder of the Boston committee of correspondence, She is often considered the first historian of the American Revolution

3 African-American who enlisted as a patriotic spy who worked as a double-agent on behalf of the United States. Pretending to be a runaway slave, James Armistead Benjamin Franklin Infiltrated the British defenses and acquire countless important British war secrets which helped turn the tide of the Revolution in favor of the Americans. Marquis de Lafayette helped him by writing a letter of recommendation for his freedom, which was granted in He was a delegate to the both Continental Congresses and a member of the committee to write the Declaration of Independence. Diplomatic representative to France who helped to secure an alliance with the French during the war Governor of the Louisiana Territory. He sided with the Americans3 Bernardo de Gálvez King George III Sent Spanish weapons, gunpowder, clothing and many other vital supplies that were essential to the colonial army. Kept the port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River out of the control of the British, thus preventing British attacks from the west and the south during the revolution King of England from During his reign, British Parliament with the King s approval angered the American colonists by taxing them to pay for military American colonists declared their independence and listed their grievances against the king.

4 George Washington chosen Commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Washington lead the Continental Army in is retreat from New York, then commanded the American victories at Trenton, lead the army through the winter at Valley Forge and coordinated the victory at Yorktown that lead to the surrender of Cornwallis. A Polish-born Jewish immigrant who played an important role in financing the American Revolution Haym Salomon member of the American Espionage(spy) ring and arrested as a spy by the British helped finance the Continental Congress, using his own personal money to finance the patriot cause. Known as the American Financier. Thomas Jefferson As a Virginia planter, he was also a delegate to the House of Burgesses and to the First and Second Continental Congress. He was selected to draft the Declaration of Independence and is thus considered the author of the Declaration of Independence.

5 A French officer who came to help the Americans fight the Revolution Marquis de Lafayette given the rank of major general, and developed a friendship with George Washington helped to secure support from France for the patriots cause. Lafayette was also able to obtain troops and supplies from France. Thomas Paine He authored the pamphlet Common Sense which encouraged the colonies to break with England and become independent. He was a soldier in the Continental Army and wrote the pamphlet The Crisis to encourage Continental soldiers to continue to fight. In 1776 with his ship the Bonhomme Richard, he defeated the British warship Serapis, which raised American spirits. Jones John Paul Jones success against the best navy in the world angered the British and inspired the Americans. Jones famous words during this battle were I have not yet begun to fight! which became a slogan for the U.S. Navy. Some consider him the Father of the U.S. Navy.

6 Document Glossary The treaty, signed on September 3, 1783, between the American colonies and Great Britain, that ended the American Revolution Treaty of Paris (1783) Two crucial provisions of the treaty : British recognition of U.S. independence creation of boundaries (Canada to the north and the Mississippi River to the west and Spanish Florida to the south) that would allow for American western expansion.

7 Articles of Confederation 1781 the nation s first constitution; lacked the power to tax, regulate trade, or control coinage lack of power to create a national army Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1639 the first constitution in the American colonies; extended voting rights to non-church members and limited the powers of the governor, expanded ideas of representative government Magna Carta 1215 granted rights to noblemen and freemen. Limited power of the king House of Burgesses 1619 The First Representative Body in the colonies; Virginia Mayflower Compact 1620 first system of selfgovernment in America. English Bill of Rights 1689 supported a limited monarchy, gov t based of laws made by parliament provided a system of shared power; rights given to ALL Englishmen

8 Founding Documents ec. of Ind. rticles of Confed. onstitution Jamestown -1 st perm. English settlement Mayflower Compact 1 st system of selfgov t Declaration of Independence Freedom from Englsih Rule Revolution Events Middle Colonies exington aratoga Valley Forge orktown subsistence farming, good soil, warm climate GA SC PA VA MD NC NH NY MA CT RI NJ DE New England Long winters, rocky soil, timber, fishing, shipbuilding, whaling Southern Colonies Hot climate, fertile soil, cash crops, plantation system Appalachian Mtns Great Lakes US in 1783

9 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 27. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the American Revolution (French entered the war).

Valley Forge was where George Washington s troops camped

10 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 28. Valley Forge was where George Washington s troops camped during the winter of More than 1/5 of his soldiers died of disease and malnutrition.

The British defeat in 1781 at Yorktown, Virginia by George

11 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 29. The British defeat in 1781 at Yorktown, Virginia by George Washington s troops signaled the end of the American Revolution.

12 Super STAAR 130 Greatest American History Facts: Colonization thru Reconstruction 30. The Treaty of Paris of 1783 ended the American Revolution and forced Britain to recognize the United States as an independent nation.

Ch. 6 Test Review. The Spirit of Independence

Ch. 6 Test Review. The Spirit of Independence Ch. 6 Test Review The Spirit of Independence John Adams Wentworth Cheswell Samuel Adams Mercy Otis Warren Benjamin Franklin Crispus Attucks Biographical Glossary Rebellion & Revolution (Unit 3) He was