APUSH REVIEWED! DRIFTING TOWARD DISUNION NORTHERN RESISTANCE 11/9/15. Result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act
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1 11/9/15 APUSH DRIFTING TOWARD DISUNION REVIEWED! American Pageant (Kennedy)Chapter 19 American History (Brinkley) Chapter 13 America s History (Henretta) Chapter 13 NORTHERN RESISTANCE Uncle Tom s Cabin by Harriett Beecher Stowe (1852) Inspire many northerners to resist the Fugitive Slave Act Brought morality argument to the slavery debate Exposed the horrors of slavery to a Northern & European audiences Lincoln: So you re the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war. Result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act It was assumed that Kansas would become a slave state and Nebraska would be a free state Pro slavery and antislavery flood into Kansas New England Emigrant Aid Company: sent free soil settlers to the area From Missouri pro slavery border ruffians come into Kansas Two rival governments set-up Topeka- free soil Lecompton- slave govt. 1
2 11/9/15 Republican Party is formed as a response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act BLEEDING KANSAS Sack of Lawrence Free Soil town attacked by proslavery forces Pottawatomie CreekJohn Brown and his homies attack pro slavery forces By 1856 Civil war in Kansas between pro slavery and anti slavery forces THE BEAT DOWN! Charles Sumner (Senator from Mass.) gives a speech condemning events in Bleeding Kansas Insults Senator from South Carolina Andrew Butler Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina enters Congress and beats Sumner with a cane. Violence over slavery in Kansas had spread to Congress 2
3 11/9/15 Ø 1st time Republican party runs a candidate for the Presidency John C. Fremont Ø Democrats pick James Buchanan Picked because he had nothing to do with Kansas-Nebraska Act Ø Know Nothing Party picked Millard Fillmore Anti-immigrant and Anti Catholic LECOMPTON CONSTITUTION 1st challenge for President Buchanan Lecompton Constitution Pro-slavery Free Soilers boycott the election Supported by President Buchanan Rejected by Congress Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom Dred Scott case goes to Supreme Court in 1857 Roger Taney was the Chief Justice (a Southern Democrat) African Americans are not citizens of the United States Could not sue Since slaves are property, they could not be taken away (Constitution) Congress could not makes laws regarding slavery in the territories Missouri Compromise unconstitutional 3
4 11/9/15 Lincoln-Douglas Debates Ø Abe Lincoln (Republican) debates Stephen Douglas (Democrat) for the Illinois Senate in 1858 Ø 7 debates held Ø Lincoln challenges Douglas on Dred Scott decision: Could slavery be prevented in the territories Ø Dred Scott decision said no Ø Douglas takes the position (Freeport Doctrine) that territories could limit slavery Ø Southerners are pissed Ø Results Ø Douglas keeps Senate seat Ø Lincoln becomes national figure Ø Southerners are angry- Ø Democrats will be split in 1860 John Brown at Harper s Ferry John Brown hopes to spark a slave revolt in 1859 Attempts to seize the federal arsenal at Harper s Ferry It does not go well Charged with treason and hung Impact South is outraged Brown becomes a martyr to abolitionist Immediate cause of secession The Election of
5 11/9/15 The issue of slavery had divided the Democrats Northern Democrats favor Stephen Douglas Popular sovereignty & enforce Fugitive Slave Act Southern Democrats favor John C. Breckinridge Allow slavery in the territories Annex Cuba Lincoln and the Republican party platform For the free-soilers: no extension of slavery in territories For the northern manufacturers: a protective tariff For the Northwest: a Pacific railroad For the farmers: free homesteads (land) Southern secessionist threaten to leave Union if Lincoln wins Republican party wins the Presidency for the 1 st time But Lincoln is a minority President Southerners see him as a sectional President Not on ballot in 10 southern states 5
6 11/9/15 South Carolina votes to secede in December 1860 Eventually 7 southern states leave the union before Lincoln even takes office See him as a sectional President hostile to slavery Confederate States of America is formed Jefferson Davis chosen as President Lame Duck President Buchanan does nothing to stop secession From November 1860 to March 1861 Does not believe secession is legal Last ditch attempt to avoid a major crisis Hope to calm southern fears: The return of the Missouri Compromise idea Slavery prohibited in territories north of Slavery allowed in territories south of Lincoln rejects this Position of Republican party was no extension of slavery in the territories Before Lincoln even takes office 7 southern states have left the union! Subscribe to Productions 6
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