US History, October 27

Transcription

1 US History, October 27 Entry Task: Please grab a book and turn to p. 194 Announcements: We will be going down to the Football Field around 1:50pm Did you turn in your: paragraph about Federalists vs. Anti- Federalists? Campaign Poster (due tomorrow)

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6 John Adams Stubborn; independent Federalist at odds w/ Hamilton America: Growing West (KY 1792 & TN 1796) Political participation: property-owning only

7 John Adams Background Became a prominent lawyer in Boston Defended soldiers in Boston Massacre 1776 appointed to prepare the Declaration of Independence Adams served on 90 committees (more than any other Congressmen) Oversaw the operations of Continental Army during the War + helped get French support Helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris 1785 First US Minister to England George Washington s Vice President

8 John Adams as Vice President To Abigail Adams, "My country has in its wisdom contrived for me the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived."

9 Smear Campaign: John Adams Favor monarchism Conspiracy to establish a family dynasty Anglophile favored Great Britain Aristocrats, unfriendly to Within Adams own political party, Alexander Hamilton preferred Thomas Pinckney Supporters of Adams: Merchants, creditors (bankers) Jefferson's camp accused President Adams of having a "hideous hermaphroditical character, which has neither the force and firmness of a man, nor the gentleness and sensibility of a woman."

10 Thomas Jefferson Scientist, Farmer, Reluctant Statesman Organized the Democratic- Republican Party Deist separation of church & state Champion for the Common Man Often listed as a Top 5 of greatest Presidents

11 Thomas Jefferson s Background Primary author of the Declaration of Independence Served in Virginia s Congress during Revolution Served 2 years as governor of Virginia during Revolution; had to flee his home Served as Representative to Confederation Congress helped to figure out how to organize western lands , Served as America s minister to France Secretary of State for George Washington

12 Smear Campaign: Thomas Jefferson His courage was questioned during the Revolution Charged as an atheist Francophile favored France (dangerous RADICALS!!! Associated with Jacobins) Adams' men called Vice President Jefferson "a mean-spirited, low-lived fellow, the son of a half-breed Indian squaw, sired by a Virginia mulatto father."

13 1. George Washington 2. John Adams 3. Thomas Jefferson 4. James Madison 5. James Monroe 6. John Q. Adams 7. Andrew Jackson Former vice-president John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson in the presidential election of 1796 Former VP John Adams (Federalist) Thomas Jefferson (Democratic -Republican)

14 1796 Election Results (16 States in the Union) John Adams Massachusetts Federalist % Thomas Jefferson Virginia Democratic- Republican % Thomas Pinckney South Carolina Federalist % Aaron Burr New York Democratic- Republican % Samuel Adams Massachusetts Federalist % Oliver Ellsworth Connecticut Federalist % George Clinton New York Democratic- Republican 7 5.1% Other % Total Number of Electors 138 Total Electoral Votes Cast 276 Number of Votes for a Majority 70

15 Amendment 12 (1804) Changes Presidential Elections The electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for the President and Vice President they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted as Vice-President

16 Last Hours 50 th Anniversary of Independence Adams, 91 years old - July 4, 1826, he whispered his last words: "Thomas Jefferson survives. Jefferson, 84 years old July 4, 1826 died at Monticello a few hours earlier

17 Book p Jay s Treaty with Great Britain XYZ Affair Alien Act & Sedition Acts The Federalist-controlled Congress passed the Sedition Act, making it a crime for American citizens to print, utter, or publish... any false, scandalous, and malicious writing about the Government. Thomas Jefferson, leader of the Democratic- Republicans, predicted that the act unless arrested at the threshold, [will] necessarily drive these States into revolution and blood. Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

18 In November 1798, David Brown led a group in Dedham, Massachusetts in setting up a liberty pole with the words, "No Stamp Act, No Sedition Act, No Alien Bills, No Land Tax, downfall to the Tyrants of America; peace and retirement to the President; Long Live the Vice President". Benjamin Franklin Bache was editor of the Aurora, a Democratic-Republican newspaper. Bache had accused George Washington of incompetence and financial irregularities, and "the blind, bald, crippled, toothless, querulous ADAMS" of nepotism and monarchical ambition HERRING SEDITION INDICTMENT 1798 Mr. Herring did allegedly utter and publish papers defaming the character of President John Adams. The accused was overheard saying damn the President and calling the president an enemy of the government. The only journalists prosecuted under the Sedition Act were editors of Democratic-Republican newspapers.

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20 Virginia & Kentucky Resolves Jefferson & James Madison were outraged & wrote the Virginia & Kentucky Resolves in : Presented a states rights argument suggesting that states could ignore (nullify) national laws that they viewed as unfair The states rights & nullification arguments will be used by the South to secede from the USA during the Civil War in

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