The POLITICO Pro ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

Transcription

1 The POLITICO Pro ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction... 3 Branches in Federal Government Executive Branch Deep Dive... 5» What Does the Executive Branch do?» Who Makes up the Executive Branch?» Executive Branch and the Budget Process» Executive Branch and Regulations Executive Orders Deep Dive... 10» Executive Orders, Actions, Memorandums and Proclamations FAQs» Executive Orders under President Trump» Amount of Executive Orders by President and by Party 2 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

3 INTRODUCTION It s Civics 101. The United States federal government is made up of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each branch s powers are vested by the U.S. Constitution, and while each has different areas of focus, the system was built so that no single branch of the federal government could become too powerful. In this guide, we ll focus on the executive branch, taking a deep dive into its responsibilities, who makes up this branch, their role in regulations and budgeting, and what executive orders are and how they work. 3 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

4 BRANCHES IN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Let s review: The federal government of the United States is made up of three branches EXECUTIVE BRANCH Led by the president of the United States, the executive branch is in charge of implementing and enforcing laws written by Congress. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Made up of the Senate, House of Representatives and agencies that support Congress, it is the legislative branch s job to write, debate and pass laws. Additionally, the Senate is responsible for confirming executive branch nominees and officials, as well as confirming judiciary nominees. Finally, both chambers are responsible for impeachment proceedings of executive and judiciary branch officials. JUDICIAL BRANCH Consisting of the Supreme Court, Court of Appeals and District Courts, it s this group s responsibility to interpret the laws passed by the legislative branch and settle arguments about how they are enforced. They have the authority to decide if laws violate the Constitution this is known as judicial review. QUICK TIP An easy way to remember what each of the branches within the federal government does: LEGISLATIVE BRANCH: Makes laws EXECUTIVE BRANCH: Enforces laws JUDICIAL BRANCH: Evaluates laws 4 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

5 EXECUTIVE BRANCH DEEP DIVE What is the Executive Branch? The power of the Executive branch is vested in the president of the United States. The president is responsible for implementing and enforcing the laws written by congress and, to that end, appoints the heads of the federal agencies, including the Cabinet. THE PRESIDENT FEDERAL DEPARTMENTS & AGENCIES THE CABINET Who serves in President Trump s cabinet? Vice President Mike Pence 15 department heads (the secretaries + Attorney General) Seven additional people with cabinet-status White House Chief of Staff, John Kelly Environmental Protection Agency Administrator, Scott Pruitt Office of Management & Budget Director, Mick Mulvaney United States Trade Representative Ambassador, Robert Lighthizer United States Mission to the United Nations Ambassador, Nikki Haley Council of Economic Advisers Chairman, Kevin Hassett Small Business Administration Administrator, Linda McMahon Information adapted from: 5 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

6 Nov. 11, 2016 I Updated Oct. 11, 2017 President Donald Trump s Cabinet President Donald Trump does not have the traditional cadre of Washington insiders and donors serving on his Cabinet. Most of his Cabinet industry titans, military leaders and conservative activists comprise one of the more eclectic and controversial presidential cabinets in modern history. UPDATE AGRICULTURE Former Georgia Gov. Sonny Perdue, whose name was one of the first to surface as a possible pick, seems to satisfy the agriculture industry s request for someone with farming experience. Perdue, who grew up on a row crop farm, has owned several small agribusiness and transportation companies. During his two terms as governor, Perdue pursued economic development through trade and raised the profile of the Port of Savannah. He also focused on cutting government spending and improving education in the state. Sonny Perdue ATTORNEY GENERAL Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-Ala.) is known for his hard-line views on immigration and legalization of marijuana. In 1986, Sessions was a former U.S. prosecutor whose nomination for a federal judgeship was rejected by the GOP-controlled Senate Judiciary Committee because of accusations of racism. In 1995, he was elected Alabama s attorney general. Jeff Sessions USDA COMMERCE Wilbur Ross is a billionaire investor, former Rothschild banker and specialist in bankruptcy and corporate turnarounds. In 2000, he founded W.L. Ross, which has invested in nearly 180 companies, notably in Rust Belt states. His firm is known to buy failed companies in distressed sectors steel or coal at steep discounts, implementing severe cost reductions, such as cutting worker pay and benefits, and selling investments for profit. Wilbur Ross JUSTICE COMMERCE President Trump DEFENSE Retired Marine Gen. Jim Mad Dog Mattis, former U.S. Central Command chief, served more than four decades in the Marine Corps. From 2007 to 2010, Mattis served as NATO s supreme allied commander of transformation. He was the top U.S. commander in Iraq and Afghanistan from 2010 to Mattis, who was active duty within the past seven years, would require a Congressional waiver to get confirmed. James Mattis 98-1 EDUCATION Betsy DeVos, 58, a school-choice activist, billionaire philanthropist and Republican mega-donor, was the chair for the American Federation for Children, an advocacy group that has aggressively pushed to expand charter schools and school voucher programs that provide families with public money to spend on private school tuition. Betsy DeVos Rick Perry 50-50* DEFENSE EDUCATION ENERGY Former Texas Gov. Rick Perry heads an agency he once he promised to abolish during the 2012 presidential campaign. Perry, a climate skeptic, leads an agency that oversees the security of the nation s nuclear weapons, writes efficiency regulations, runs energy research programs and funds basic science. Conservatives had favored him as someone with management experience who would be willing to question the agency s status quo. ENERGY DOT TREASURY HHS VA HHS HHS Deputy Secretary Eric Hargan will serve as the agency s acting secretary. Don Wright, a longtime staffer of the agency, had been serving as the agency s acting secretary after the resignation of Tom Price over controversy surrounding his air travel. Hargan was confirmed as deputy secretary by the Senate on a vote. It s Hargan s second go-around at HHS: He served in several roles from 2003 to 2007, including as acting deputy secretary, before leaving government work to practice law in Chicago. VACANT HUD Ben Carson DHS INTERIOR LABOR STATE David Shulkin VACANT Ryan Zinke Alexander Acosta Rex Tillerson Elaine Chao 93-6 Steven Mnuchin *DeVos was confirmed with Vice President Mike Pence casting the tie-breaking vote. UPDATE DHS Trump is expected to nominate Kirstjen Nielsen, who served as White House chief of staff John Kelly s No. 2 during his time as DHS secretary and moved with him to the West Wing as his principal deputy chief of staff when he was appointed in July. Nielsen, 45, is a cybersecurity expert and an attorney with an extensive background in homeland security, including stints at TSA and on the White House Homeland Security Council under President George W. Bush. Other people considered by the White House included House Homeland Security chairman Michael McCaul (R-Texas). LABOR Alexander Acosta, a former Justice Department official and current dean of Florida Int l. Univ. College of Law, was named after Trump s first pick, fast-food CEO Andrew Puzder, backed out. DOT TREASURY VETERANS AFFAIRS INTERIOR Trump has tapped freshman Rep. Ryan Zinke (R-Mont.), an ex-navy SEAL commander, to be Interior secretary. The offer comes just days after No. 4 House Republican Rep. Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-Wash.) was reported to be the favorite to win the position. Out of all the Republicans on the Hill, Zinke has one of the strongest track records on conservation and public land issues. He voted against the GOP s fiscal 2016 budget because it sold public lands and also opposed efforts by Rep. Rob Bishop (R-Utah) to hand over millions of acres of public land to the state. Acosta clerked for Justice Samuel Alito when he was a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. He also served on the Nat l. Labor Relations Board under President George W. Bush from 2002 to 2003, then left the NLRB to become an assistant attorney general for the Justice Department s Civil Rights division. He served as U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Florida from 2005 to 2009, when he joined Florida Int l. Univ. STATE Rex Tillerson, 64, the longtime CEO of ExxonMobil, has worked at Exxon for more than 40 years, climbing up the ranks from an engineer to become the CEO. He has made a number of large deals, including the purchase of XTO Energy in Tillerson is likely to face extensive questions on Capitol Hill, as a number of prominent Republicans have already voiced concerns about his close ties to Russia and its strongman president, Vladimir Putin. He has no formal government experience, but spent years running ExxonMobil's extensive international operations. Elaine Chao, wife of Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.), served as labor secretary for all eight years of George W. Bush s presidency. Chao also served as deputy secretary of transportation under President George H.W. Bush. Chao is a Harvard Business School graduate; was a banker at Citigroup; and president and chief executive officer of the United Way of America. She is a fellow at Hudson Institute and sits on several corporate and nonprofit boards, including Wells Fargo, Dole Food and News Corp. Steven Mnuchin is a 17-year-veteran of Goldman Sachs who worked as the chairman and chief executive of his own private investment firm, Dune Capital Management. Dune, along with investors, bought IndyMac, a failed bank, from the FDIC in Under Mnuchin, the bank faced criticism over aggressive foreclosure tactics. Mnuchin, an industry insider with close ties to Wall Street, served as finance chairman for Trump s campaign. He has no government experience. David Shulkin, the former undersecretary for health at Veterans Affairs, has been tapped to lead the agency in the new administration. A former physician, Shulkin has served in his current role since HUD Dr. Ben Carson, retired neurosurgeon and former director of pediatric neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins Univ., cites his childhood in Detroit and his experience treating inner-city patients as qualifications to head an agency with an annual budget of $47 billion. Carson has no experience in housing, governing or running a large bureaucracy. Source: POLITICO staff reports By Todd Lindeman, POLITICO Pro DataPoint 6 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

7 What federal departments/agencies are part of the executive branch? The term government agency also means the United States federal executive departments that include the President s cabinet-level departments and their subunits. Examples of these agencies include the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), which is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury. Information provided by Anastasia Jakabcin, POLITICO. 7 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

8 What part does the executive branch play in the budgeting process? The federal budget process starts in the executive branch of government. The budget sets fiscal policy, proposing how much should be spent on public programs, how much revenue should be generated through taxes and how much of a deficit or surplus should be tolerated. Here s a look at the Congressional Budget Process timeline: CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET PROCESS TIMETABLE Target Date Action to be Completed First Monday in February President submits budget to Congress February 15 Congressional Budget Office submits economic and budget outlook report to Budget Committees Six weeks after president submits budget Committees submit views and estimates to Budget Committees April 1 Senate Budget Committee reports budget resolution April 15 Congress completes action on budget resolution May 15 Annual appropriations bills may be considered in the House, even if action on budget resolution has not been completed June 10 House Appropriations Committee reports last regular appropriations bill June 15 Congress completes action on reconciliation legislation (if required by budget resolution) June 30 House completes action on annual appropriations bills July 15 President submits midsession review of budget to Congress October 1 Fiscal year begins Source: Adapted from Section 300 of the Congressional Budget Act (2 U.S.C. 631). Learn more about the federal budget process here: politico.com/pro/blog/guide-to-the-federal-budget 8 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

9 What is a regulation? Regulations set specific requirements about what is legal and what is not. Laws state the what and regulations state how agencies legislate or enforce the laws. Here s the lifecycle from passage of a bill to implementation and enforcement as a rule, and finally, to codification in the United States Code: Congress passes a bill; president signs into law Agencies review, formulate proposed rules Open for public comment; Congressional review Rule finalized, becomes part of the U.S. code Information provided by Anastasia Jakabcin, POLITICO. 9 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

10 DEEP DIVE ON EXECUTIVE ORDERS What is an executive order? An executive order is an official, legally binding mandate directed by the president to federal agencies under the executive branch. s instruct agencies on how to interpret and implement federal law. What is an executive action? An executive action is a broad term describing all types of unilateral moves by a president. Executive actions include presidential memorandums and proclamations and carry the same legal effects as an executive order. What are memorandums and proclamations? Memorandums are similar to executive orders. However, a memorandum doesn t have an established process for how the president issues it. Memorandums are hard to track because they are not submitted to the Federal Register. Proclamations are commonly used for ceremonial purposes and don t normally have any legal effect. Are executive orders in the Constitution? According to the Congressional Research Service, s, presidential memoranda, and proclamations are used extensively by presidents to achieve policy goals, set uniform standards for managing the executive branch, or outline a policy view intended to influence the behavior of private citizens. The U.S. Constitution does not define these presidential instruments and does not explicitly vest the President with the authority to issue them. Nonetheless, such orders are accepted as an inherent aspect of presidential power. Moreover, if they are based on appropriate authority, they have the force and effect of law. Information adapted from 10 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

11 March 8, 2017 Updated Oct. 18, 2017 All of President Trump s Executive Orders and Memoranda President Donald Trump has issued executive orders and memoranda which presidents increasingly use interchangeably and are equally legally binding at a faster pace than former President Barack Obama from the beginning of their respective presidencies. Trump has wielded his executive power most often for issues related to energy and the environment, national security and trade. Count of Trump s executive orders and memos, by topic National security 8 Energy & environment 8 Trade 8 Immigration 7 Executive branch 6 Justice 6 Regulations 5 Other 5 Labor 4 Health Education 3 Technology 2 4 As of Oct. 17 Note: Total equals 66 because one memo was republished because of a filing discrepancy Trump s and Obama s total executive orders and memos published in the Federal Register, Jan. 20 to Oct. 17 Feb. Trump, Obama, 2009 March April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. 53 As of Oct. 18, 2017 Substance and Status of Trump s Orders and Memos TOPIC PUBLISHED TYPE CITATION STATUS SUMMARY In progress or ongoing Modified, in litigation or no longer applicable Completed Education 9/28/17 Memorandum 5/1/17 82 FR E.O /3/17 E.O Directs the Education secretary to prioritize STEM education, with a goal of awarding at least $200 million in grants every yearto promote STEM education, especially in computer science. Directs Education secretary to review rules or guidance amended by ESSA, rescinding or revising items that exercise federal control over areas subject to state or local control Moves initiative on HBCUs to White House and creates board of advisers to increase HBCU capacity and strengthen role of private sector and public-private partnerships Energy and environment 5/3/17 5/1/17 3/31/17 E.O E.O Directs Interior secretary to streamline permitting for exploration of offshore energy resource potential on the Outer Continental Shelf, prevents Commerce secretary from designating a marine monument unless expressly required or after an Interior review of resource potential, directs Commerce secretary to review all existing marine monuments and any potential energy or mineral resources within their boundaries, revokes E.O , directs Interior secretary to review an Obama-era rule regulating drilling on the Arctic OCS off Alaska Directs Interior secretary to conduct review of national monuments established or modified since Jan. 1, 1996, especially any totaling 100,000 acres or more Calls on agencies to review anything that could burden energy production, especially oil, natural gas, coal and nuclear energy. Revokes E.O and three of Obama's memoranda related to climate change, as well as the President's Climate Action Plan and another report on reducing methane emissions. Directs Interior secretary to review several oil and gas rules. 3/3/17 E.O Directs the EPA and Army Corps of Engineers to review controversial Waters of the U.S. rule, 1/30/17, 2/17/2017 Memorandum E.O FR /30/17 E.O /30/17 Memorandum 82 FR /30/17 Memorandum 82 FR 8663 * which expanded the type of waterways protected under the Clean Water Act, and to issue a proposed rule to either revise or rescind it Instructs the Army Corps of Engineers to conduct an expedited review and approval of requests to construct the Dakota Access pipeline Requires chairman of the White House Council on Environmental Equality to determine whether requests for infrastructure projects are high priority within 30 days after request Directs Commerce secretary to develop plan for new pipelines to be made with U.S.-produced materials and equipment Invites TransCanada to resubmit its Keystone pipeline application and directs the secretary of State to make a decision within 60 days of receipt Executive branch 10/4/17 5/9/17 E.O E.O Authorizes the continuance of 32 federal advisory committees through Sept. 30, 2019 Prohibits Treasury secretary from taxing religious entities, directs agency heads to issue regulations to allow exemptions from offering preventive health services including birth control Health 3/16/17 E.O /3/17 E.O /2/17 Memorandum 82 FR /25/17 Memorandum 82 FR /17/17 4/3/17 E.O E.O /25/17 Memorandum 82 FR /24/17 E.O Calls on each agency head to submit a plan to reorganize to improve efficiency, effectiveness and accountability Directs all appointees to sign an ethics agreement pledging not to engage in certain lobbying activities after their departure Modifies list of regular attendees for NSC meetings to add White House chief strategist and homeland security adviser and to remove Energy secretary, representative to the U.N., OMB director, director of national intelligence and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Prohibits agencies from filling or creating positions, except military personnel and agency or department heads Directs the HHS, Treasury and Labor secretaries to propose options to expand access to insurance plans that are exempt from many Affordable Care Act requirements association health plans; short-term, limited-duration insurance; and health reimbursement arrangements Establishes President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis to study the federal response and to recommend improvements, with a final report due Oct. 1 Restores the Mexico City Policy (also known as the global gag rule), which prohibits USAID funding for NGOs that offer services related to abortion, such as counseling or referrals Authorizes HHS secretary and other agency heads with authority to waive, defer, grant exemptions from or delay implementation of the ACA's provisions or requirements Immigration 6/26/17 6/19/17 Memorandum E.O FR /3/17 Memorandum 82 FR TOPIC PUBLISHED TYPE CITATION STATUS Amends one of Obama's orders, removing directions to secretaries of State and DHS to ensure that 80 percent of nonimmigrant visa applicants are interviewed within three weeks of receiving their applications Delays the effective date of E.O , declaring it to go into effect on the same day and time injunctions are lifted or stayed Calls for enhanced vetting and full enforcement of all immigration laws SUMMARY or ongoing or no longer applicable Immigration cont d. Justice 3/9/17 E.O /1/17 E.O /30/17 E.O /30/17 E.O /31/17 4/5/17 E.O E.O /14/17 E.O Removes Iraq from previous list and now restricts U.S. entry to those seeking new visas from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen; directs secretary of State to suspend refugee travel under the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program and directs DHS secretary to suspend decisions on refugee applications Restricts U.S. entry for passport holders from seven Muslim-majority countries; directs the secretary of State to suspend the U.S. Refugee Admissions Program for 120 days Directs DHS secretary to construct a wall on southern border and identify federal funding sources, and other measures to increase immigration enforcement Calls on agencies to deny federal funding to sanctuary cities, directs DHS secretary to hire 10,000 additional immigration officers, authorizes state and local law enforcement to perform the functions of an immigration officer under DHS supervision Revokes Obama's EO establishing a working group to recommend limitations on the transfer of certain military equipment to law enforcement; and directs all agencies to rescind any subsequent policies or practices that were put into place Revokes E.O and instead calls on the U.S. attorneys for the Eastern District of Virginia, then Eastern District of North Carolina and then Northern District of Texas to fulfill leadership duties at DOJ if necessary (replacing Northern District of Illinois and Western District of Missouri) Directs agencies to increase cooperation on and enforcement of transnational crime 2/14/17 E.O /14/17 E.O /14/17 E.O * Orders the DOJ to lead a review of laws and its grants related to the protection of law enforcement officers; requests recommendations for their enhancement Establishes a succession order if the attorney general and/or other top DOJ officials are unable to fulfill their duties Orders the attorney general to establish a task force on reducing crime, especially illegal immigration, drug trafficking, and violent crime Labor 10/4/17 6/20/17 E.O Substance and Status of Trump s Orders and Memos E.O TOPIC PUBLISHED TYPE CITATION STATUS Discontinues the National Council on Federal Labor-Management Relations, directs heads of agencies to rescind anything that relates to the council Directs the Labor secretary to propose regulations and provide funding to promote apprenticeship programs, creates Task Force on Apprenticeship Expansion within Labor department In progress Modified, in litigation SUMMARY or ongoing or no longer applicable Completed Labor cont d. 3/30/17 E.O /7/17 Memorandum 82 FR 9675 Revokes two of Obama's orders and a portion of a third that require agencies to confirm that entities fulfilling major federal contracts have not recently violated labor laws Directs the Labor secretary to conduct a review of the Obama administration s fiduciary duty rule and issue a proposed rule to revise or rescind it (implementation delayed until June 2017) National security, defense 9/25/17 8/30/17 Memorandum 8/29/17 E.O FR E.O Expands the scope of sanctionable entities and individuals in North Korea Bans new transgender military recruits and funding for reassignment therapies, except for those who have already begun reassignment, until the Defense secretary provides a recommendation to the contrary that I find convincing. The Defense secretary will determine the status of current transgender service members. Imposes new sanctions against the government of Venezuela 8/23/17 Memorandum 7/7/17 82 FR E.O Promotes Cyber Command to a United Combatant Command, which in part allows the head of command to report directly to the Defense secretary, and directs the secretary to submit a plan on whether to split Cyber Command from the NSA Re-establishes the National Space Council to advise the president on space policy and strategy 7/14/17 E.O /2/17 Memorandum 82 FR /1/17 Memorandum 82 FR 8983 Delays lifting sanctions against Sudan by three months in return for good behavior, removes requirement for State Department to prepare annual progress report Directs the Defense secretary to submit a plan for defeating ISIS Directs Defense secretary to conduct readiness review, help develop fiscal 2017 budget amendment and levels for fiscal 2018, submit action plan to president within 60 days Regulations 4/26/17 E.O Directs Treasury secretary to review and identify all signficant tax regulations issued in 2016 that burden taxpayers, add "undue complexity" to tax laws or exceed the statutory authority of the IRS in a report to the president, due within 150 days 3/1/17 E.O Tasks the head of each agency to establish a task force to identify regulations As of Oct. 18, 2017 for repeal, replacement or modification Substance 2/8/17and Status of Trump s E.O Orders Directs and Treasury Memos secretary to notify the president within 120 days of the financial laws, treaties, regulations, guidance, reporting and record-keeping requirements, as well as other policies that run counter to administration s In progress core principles Modified, outlined in in litigation the order TOPIC PUBLISHED TYPE CITATION STATUS SUMMARY or ongoing or no longer applicable Completed Regulations cont d. 2/3/17 E.O /30/17 Memorandum 82 FR 8667 Requires agencies to identify two rules to eliminate for every new significant rule Directs agencies to expedite reviews and approvals of proposals to construct manufacturing facilities; directs Commerce secretary to submit a plan to streamline federal permitting and to reduce regulations affecting domestic manufacturing Technology 5/16/17 E.O * Instructs agency heads to submit cyber risk management reports and the OMB director to submit a cybersecurity plan based on the findings of those reports 5/3/17 E.O Establishes the American Technology Council to modernize federal IT and digital services Trade 8/17/17 Memorandum 82 FR Authorizes USTR to evaluate whether to investigate any of China's actions or policies that may be harming American intellectual property rights, innovation, or technology development 7/26/17 E.O Requires an interagency report to be submitted within 270 days assessing the domestic manufacturing capacity, the defense industrial base and supply-chain resiliency 5/4/17 E.O Establishes the Office of Trade and Manufacturing Policy to advise on promoting growth, decreasing the trade deficit (has since been absorbed into National Economic Council) 5/4/17 E.O Directs the Commerce secretary and USTR to review every trade and investment agreement and all trade relationships with WTO members without free trade agreements where the U.S. runs "significant trade deficits in goods" and take "every appropriate and lawful action to address violations of trade law, abuses of trade law or instances of unfair treatment" 4/21/17 E.O * Directs each agency to propose policies to maximize the use of U.S.-made products in federal awards and contracts, especially steel, iron, aluminum and cement; directs Commerce secretary to issue guidance and for the secretary and USTR to study how trade agreements affect Buy American laws; requires a review of H-1B visa program 4/5/17 E.O Directs Commerce secretary and USTR to submit a report on significant trade deficits 4/5/17 As of Oct. 18, 2017 E.O Substance and Status of Trump s Orders and Memos 1/25/17 Memorandum 82 FR 8497 TOPIC PUBLISHED TYPE CITATION STATUS Directs DHS secretary to develop a plan requiring some importers to provide security for anti-dumping and countervailing with bonds or other measures and to develop a plan for intercepting and disposing of inadmissible goods, grants DHS secretary authority to enforce intellectual property laws and to notify IPR holders of violations Directs the administration to withdraw In progress from the TPP Modified, and all related in litigation negotiations SUMMARY or ongoing or no longer applicable Completed Other 8/24/17 E.O Streamlines permitting and environmental reviews for major infrastructure projects, establishing One Federal Decision, which requires designating a lead federal agency to coordinate the permitting and approval process with other agencies 7/25/17 E.O Establishes a Presidential Advisory Council on Infrastructure, which has since disbanded 5/16/17 E.O Establishes the Presidential Advisory Commission on Election Integrity to study voting processes and registration and report on practices that enhance and undermine citizens' confidence in elections and on vulnerabilities that could lead to improper voting and fraud 5/2/17 E.O Establishes an Office of Accountability and Whistleblower Protection at Veterans Affairs 4/28/17 E.O Establishes the Interagency Task Force on Agriculture and Rural Prosperity to identify legislative, regulatory or policy changes that benefit rural areas Note: This graphic does not include memoranda that tend to be clerical in nature certificiations, delegations and designations. * indicates action status could not be confirmed with corresponding agency Source: Federal Register, POLITICO Pro staff reports By Janie Boschma, POLITICO Pro DataPoint 11 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH

12 AMOUNT OF EXECUTIVE ORDERS BY PRESIDENT AND BY PARTY Franklin D. Roosevelt 3,721 Woodrow Wilson 1,803 Calvin Coolidge 1,203 Theodore Roosevelt 1,081 Herbert Hoover 968 Harry S. Truman 907 William Howard Taft 724 Warren G. Harding 522 Dwight D. Eisenhower 484 Ronald Reagan 381 William J. Clinton 364 Richard Nixon 346 Lyndon B. Johnson 325 Jimmy Carter 320 George W. Bush 291 Barack Obama 277 Grover Cleveland 253 Ulysses S. Grant 217 John F. Kennedy 214 William McKinley 185 Gerald R. Ford 169 George H.W. Bush 166 Benjamin Harrison 143 Chester A. Arthur 96 Rutherford B. Hayes 92 Andrew Johnson 79 Abraham Lincoln 48 Franklin Pierce 35 James K. Polk 18 John Tyler* 17 James Buchanan 16 Andrew Jackson 12 Millard Fillmore* 12 Martin Van Buren 10 George Washington* 8 James Garfield 6 Zachary Taylor* 5 Thomas Jefferson* 4 John Quincy Adams* 3 James Madison* 1 James Monroe* 1 John Adams* 1 William Henry Harrison* 0 DEMOCRAT 8,354 REPUBLICAN 7,122 OTHER 52 *Indicates president served before the formation of the modern day Democratic and Republican parties. **For this graph President Cleveland s terms have been combined to reflect his total number of Executive Orders. Source: The American Presidency Project, UC - Santa Barbara STAY UP TO DATE ON THE LATEST MOVES ACROSS EVERY BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT. politicopro.com 12 ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO EXECUTIVE BRANCH