Thomas Jefferson 3 rd President

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1 Thomas Jefferson 3 rd President

2 Still one thing more, fellow-citizens A wise and frugal Government, which shall restrain men from injuring one another, shall leave them otherwise free to regulate their own pursuits of industry and improvement and shall not take from the mouth of labor the bread it has earned. This is the sum of good government

3 Money money money! I m borrowing the French idea of. Laissez faire I know it sounds like Hamilton s idea of Free enterprise but All people will benefit, not just the wealthy

4 Leave the people alone to run their business!! Government should not be involved!!

5 government National is too. large Dang We need to cut spending. I guess I ll keep the National bank but the size of the should be cut! Federalists military

6 TJ believed the National Government became too powerful during Adam s Presidency Would try to reduce National Govt. power but actually expands Presidential power. KING GEORGE FEDERALISTS JEFFERSON Jeffersonian democracy

7 Let the Sedition Act expire Kept the Bank of the US Continued to pay off state debts Many Federalists kept their jobs Are any of these choices surprising?

8 He kept most Federalist programs. Continued to uphold the treaties signed by Adams& Washington Followed policy of neutrality Did not attack tariffs, Bank, funding at par, or assumption of debt WHY? Felt Federalist diplomats signed good treaties with England, Spain, France, and kept US out of war. The Bank of the United States was helping to get the country out of debt Federalists preserved democratic gains, while fending off anarchy Wanted to help 2-party system by showing that defeat (for Federalists) didn t mean disaster

9 Jefferson axed a few Federalist policies Pardoned those convicted under expired Sedition Act Reduced residency requirement for citizenship back to 5 years

10 Jefferson and his treasurer Albert Gallatin set out to reduce the national debt Under Hamilton, the government had borrowed money to finance national growth He thought debt was a good thing: If the government borrowed from its rich citizens, those citizens would have a vested interest in the country s growth Jefferson decided to abandon this policy, trimmed the federal budget, reduce the military and cut taxes

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12 He said a well disciplined militia is our best reliance in peace and for the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them

13 It helped in his policy of reducing government debt!!

14 Judicial review Courts have power to declare laws UNCONSTITUTIONAL JOHN MARSHALL supreme court chief justice

15 marbury v madison Marbury v Madison Why is this considered one of the MOST important legal decisions is US history

16 This case established Precedent of JUDICIAL REVIEW Supreme Court has final say in what Constitution means A law that is UNCONSTITUTIONAL can not be put into effect

17 John Marshall Chief justice of Supreme Court Marbury v Madison established judicial review (a legal precedent still followed today) Judicial review is the power to declare a law UNCONSTITUTIONAL What John Marshall does to the judicial branch

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19 Napoleon needed money to continue fighting in Europe Jefferson authorized purchase of New Orleans and West Florida for $10 million Able to buy entire territory for $15 million

20 He was afraid it was a violation of the Constitution Afraid Congress would not approve He wanted to add amendment authorizing land expansion

21 Thomas Paine convinced him the purchase was only adding to the area covered by the Constitution

22 Map 6 of 45 Expansion of the United States

23 Map 7 of 45 Expansion of the United States with Louisiana Purchase 1803

24 Doubled the size of the US Sets up idea of Manifest Destiny

25 Rocky Mountains

26 Go exploring!!

27 Map a route to the Pacific Ocean (still looking for the Northwest Passage) Learn about Native American nations (so they could be relocated & turned into farmers) Why would it be a good idea to have a Native American WOMAN as a guide?

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29 The Northwest Passage all water route to the Pacific Did they find it??

30 In 1805, the British and French were at war and at a stalemate. In an effort to gain an advantage, each side began blockading the other s trade routes. The US, dependent on both as trade partners, suffered greatly from the blockades. To add insult to injury, the British began stopping American ships and impressing them again

31 Chesapeake affair 1807, the USS Chesapeake was sent to protect US merchant ships 10 miles off the coast of Virginia. A British ship in the region ordered it to stop, but it refused. British fired 3 shots at the Chesapeake before it surrendered 3 Americans were killed, 18 wounded and 4 sailors impressed

32 Chesapeake article Regarding the Chesapeake Affair, the Washington Federalist reported, We have never, on any occasion, witnessed the spirit of the people excited to so great a degree of indignation, or such a thirst for revenge, as on hearing of the late unexampled outrage on the Chesapeake. All parties, ranks and professions were unanimous in their detestation of the dastardly deed, and all cried aloud for vengeance. Most Americans were angered over this incident and public opinion was to go to war with the British

33 Jefferson was at a loss. He couldn t go to war against the British because the US Navy was no match for England s forces.

34 He decided to boycott by convincing Congress to pass the Embargo Act of This cut off trade with all foreign nations By cutting off trade with them, he hoped that it would force them to respect US neutrality (aka economic coercion)

35 Americans respond Why didn t it work?

36 Look at the results!!

37 Embargos are still used today

38 The entire page should be covered, colored and readable! Finish any sections that are incomplete Title of each section: 1. Election of 1800 (3 candidates/what was unusual/12 th amendment PAGE ) 2. Jefferson s Democratic Style (GLOSSARY definition of democratic and his political titles WRITER OF DOI, 2 ND VP and 3 rd PRESIDENT) 3. His political party beliefs (his political party and 2 of his party beliefs including how he interpreted Constitution PG 282) 4. His vision of government (explain Jefferson s use of laissez faire economics page 291) 5. Policies (identify Jefferson s policies see chart on pg 292) 6. Marbury v Madison precedent (what it s called and what it does) Supreme Court s chief justice s name and a symbol for what JUDICIAL REVIEW did for the power of the Supreme Court (PAGE ) 7. Louisiana purchase Illustrate the YEAR and the impact of the purchase on the US including the new western boundary. Draw an elf with wings (PG ) 8. Embargo Act of 1807 what it is & why it didn t work (PG ) When you are done turn it in MAKE SURE YOUR NAME IS ON IT!!!

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