English 12. April 20 & 21, 2015

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1 English 12 April 20 & 21, 2015

2 Agenda - 4/20/2015 Advancing Vocabulary Unit 2: Chapter 10 Fill out chart Quiz on 4/28 (A) and 4/29 (B) Love Letters to the Dead by Ava Dellaira Complete/Collect Reading Guide Journal Book Discussion Begin Love Letters Think-Tac-Toe Activities Homework: Finish Love Letters Think-Tac-Toe Activities

3 Unit Two: Chapter 10 autonomy bureaucratic mandate ostracize raucous recourse reiterate tantamount tenacious utopia

4 1 autonomy noun In 1776, the American colonists, tired of being ruled by England, fought for their autonomy. Children as young as age two begin to want some autonomy. The term terrible twos reflects their struggle for independence. Autonomy means A. assistance. B. freedom from control. C. self-sacrifice. early 17th century: from Greek autonomia, from autonomos having its own laws, from autos self + nomos law.

5 1 autonomy noun In 1776, the American colonists, tired of being ruled by England, fought for their autonomy. Children as young as age two begin to want some autonomy. The term terrible twos reflects their struggle for independence. Autonomy means A. assistance. B. freedom from control. C. self-sacrifice. Since the colonists were tired of being ruled by England, they fought for their freedom from British control. In the second item, the word independence is a clue that autonomy means freedom from control.

6 2 bureaucratic adjective Bureaucratic organizations can become so bogged down in regulations that almost no work gets done. This family is more bureaucratic than the federal government! Mac complained to his parents. You have rules for everything. Bureaucratic means A. over-regulated. B. old-fashioned. C. independent. 1818, from French bureaucratie, coined by French economist Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay ( ) on model of democratie, aristocratie, from bureau "office," literally "desk" (see bureau) + Greek suffix -kratia denoting "power of"

7 2 bureaucratic adjective Bureaucratic organizations can become so bogged down in regulations that almost no work gets done. This family is more bureaucratic than the federal government! Mac complained to his parents. You have rules for everything. Bureaucratic means A. over-regulated. B. old-fashioned. C. independent. The words bogged down in regulations suggest that bureaucratic means overregulated. Similarly, in the second item, the words rules for everything suggest the meaning over-regulated.

8 3 mandate noun All the union members voted for the strike, giving their leaders a clear mandate. The senator received so many letters supporting his position on gun control that he felt he had the mandate of the people. Mandate means A. a criticism. B. a delay. C. official permission. "judicial or legal order," c.1500, from Middle French mandat (15c.) and directly from Latin mandatum "commission, command, order," "to order, commit to one's charge," literally "to give into one's hand," probably from manus "hand. Political sense of "approval supposedly conferred by voters to the policies or slogans advocated by winners of an election" is from CAN ALSO BE USED AS A VERB.

9 3 mandate noun All the union members voted for the strike, giving their leaders a clear mandate. The senator received so many letters supporting his position on gun control that he felt he had the mandate of the people. Mandate means A. a criticism. B. a delay. C. official permission. The vote by the union members would give the leaders official permission to call a strike. Similarly, many letters of support for the position would give the senator the official permission of the people.

10 4 ostracize verb Children who look or act different are often ostracized by their classmates. No one will play with them or even talk to them. When Selena married a man twenty years younger than herself, she was ostracized by the entire family. No one would have anything to do with her. Ostracize means A. to reject. B. to feel sorry for. C. to control. 1640s, from Greek ostrakizein "to banish," literally "to banish by voting with potshards" (see ostracism). Figurative sense of "to exclude from society" is attested from 1640s.

11 4 ostracize verb Children who look or act different are often ostracized by their classmates. No one will play with them or even talk to them. When Selena married a man twenty years younger than herself, she was ostracized by the entire family. No one would have anything to do with her. Ostracize means A. to reject. B. to feel sorry for. C. to control. If no one plays with the children or talks to them, they are being rejected. And if no one in Selena s family had anything to do with her, her family was rejecting her.

12 5 raucous adjective The audience at the rock concert was so raucous that we feared the noise and commotion would lead to violence. At the horror movie, the audience s behavior became raucous. Everyone was shouting at the characters on the screen and pretending to shriek with fright. Raucous means A. persistent. B. disorderly. C. angry. Raucous soccer fans 1769, from Latin raucus "hoarse" (also source of French rauque, Spanish ronco, Italian rauco), related to ravus "hoarse," Photo: zulfinho

5 raucous adjective The audience at the rock concert was so raucous that we feared the noise and commotion would lead to violence. At the horror movie, the audience s behavior became raucous.

13 5 raucous adjective The audience at the rock concert was so raucous that we feared the noise and commotion would lead to violence. At the horror movie, the audience s behavior became raucous. Everyone was shouting at the characters on the screen and pretending to shriek with fright. Raucous means A. persistent. B. disorderly. C. angry. Raucous soccer fans The words noise and commotion suggest that raucous means disorderly. In the second item, if the audience is shouting and shrieking, they are being disorderly. Photo: zulfinho

14 6 recourse noun Unless you pay your bill, the company threatened, we ll have no recourse but to sue you. We ll try treating you with medication. the doctor explained. If that isn t effective, the only recourse will be surgery. Recourse means A. a choice. B. a problem. C. a question. Late Middle English (also in the sense 'running or flowing back'): from Old French recours, from Latin recursus, from re- 'back, again' + cursus 'course, running'.

15 6 recourse noun Unless you pay your bill, the company threatened, we ll have no recourse but to sue you. We ll try treating you with medication. the doctor explained. If that isn t effective, the only recourse will be surgery. Recourse means A. a choice. B. a problem. C. a question. If the bill is not paid, the company has no choice but to sue. And if medication does not solve the problem, the only choice left is surgery.

16 7 reiterate verb The agency director stated, I have said this before, but let me reiterate: Unless we receive the funds to hire more staff, the children of this city will continue to suffer. I hate it when a speaker reiterates the same point over and over, as if the listeners weren t paying attention or were just too stupid to understand. Reiterate means A. to repeat. B. to forget. C. to exclude. Late Middle English (in the sense 'do (an action) repeatedly'): from Latin reiterat- 'gone over again', from the verb reiterare, from re- 'again' + iterare 'do a second time'

17 7 reiterate verb The agency director stated, I have said this before, but let me reiterate: Unless we receive the funds to hire more staff, the children of this city will continue to suffer. I hate it when a speaker reiterates the same point over and over, as if the listeners weren t paying attention or were just too stupid to understand. Reiterate means A. to repeat. B. to forget. C. to exclude. Since the agency director has said this before, he is repeating his statement. In the second item, the words the same point over and over suggest that reiterate means to repeat.

18 8 tantamount adjective Charging three dollars for a cup of coffee is tantamount to robbery. My mother s refusal to let me have the car was tantamount to forbidding me to go to the beach. Tantamount means A. the result of. B. just like. C. independent of. Mid 17th century: from the earlier verb tantamount 'amount to as much', from Italian tanto montare.

19 8 tantamount adjective Charging three dollars for a cup of coffee is tantamount to robbery. My mother s refusal to let me have the car was tantamount to forbidding me to go to the beach. Tantamount means A. the result of. B. just like. C. independent of. Charging three dollars for a cup of coffee is just like robbery. And the mother s refusal is the same as (just like) forbidding the speaker to go to the beach.

20 9 tenacious adjective The cat s grip on the tree limb was tenacious, but we weren t sure how long she could keep hanging on so firmly. My aunt s tenacious determination to recover may have pulled her through her illness. Tenacious means A. grasping strongly. B. weak and ineffective. C. slowly shrinking. Of course I remember you. You re the salesman with the tenacious handshake. Early 17th century: from Latin tenax, tenac- (from tenere 'to hold') + -ious.

21 9 tenacious adjective The cat s grip on the tree limb was tenacious, but we weren t sure how long she could keep hanging on so firmly. My aunt s tenacious determination to recover may have pulled her through her illness. Tenacious means A. grasping strongly. B. weak and ineffective. C. slowly shrinking. Of course I remember you. You re the salesman with the tenacious handshake. In the first item, the words hanging on so firmly tell you that tenacious means grasping strongly. In the second item, since the aunt pulled through, she must have been grasping strongly her determination to recover.

22 10 utopia noun In 1888, Edward Bellamy wrote about a utopia where everyone would have a comfortable income, work only until the age of 45, and then enjoy leisure. Everyone has a different idea of utopia. A situation that seems perfect to me might make you miserable. Utopia means A. a city. B. a self-government. C. a paradise. Based on Greek ou 'not' + topos 'place'.

23 10 utopia noun In 1888, Edward Bellamy wrote about a utopia where everyone would have a comfortable income, work only until the age of 45, and then enjoy leisure. Everyone has a different idea of utopia. A situation that seems perfect to me might make you miserable. Utopia means A. a city. B. a self-government. C. a paradise. A world in which everyone has a comfortable income and enjoys leisure is a paradise. In the second item, the word perfect suggests that utopia is a paradise.

Just what is culture, and how does it contribute to the way you see the world?

24 Who are the Voices of Modern Culture? By the end of this unit, students will be able to develop and apply their definition of CULTURE. Culture is often difficult to define, but it influences everything from who you are as an individual to how you relate to other people at home and around the world. Just what is culture, and how does it contribute to the way you see the world? In this unit, you will explore these questions by investigating factors that affect your personal and cultural identities. You will learn about the concept of voice, or how you express identity in written, spoken, or artistic forms. By engaging with different types of fiction and nonfiction texts, you will discover how writers and speakers use voice to express cultural ideas and personal identities. Essential Questions o 1. How can cultural experiences shape, impact, or influence our perception of the world? o 2. How does one's voice function in and beyond the context of writing?

25 Writing Prompt Second Take 4/20/2015 Now that you are finished with Love Letters to the Dead, take a look back at the yearbook page you created for one of the characters. Do you think this is still a good representation of who they turned out to be? Why or why not? What, if anything, would you change? Why?

Teacher Guide: rights

Teacher Guide: rights In order of appearance in Preparing for the Oath, the Civics Test items covered in this theme are: 58. What is one reason colonists came to America? freedom political liberty religious