INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CIVIC EDUCATION

Transcription

1 INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CIVIC EDUCATION Mexico City, May 11th-May13th, 2016

2 INDEX I. PRESENTATION II. OBJECTIVE AND VENUE III. INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS IV. METHODOLOGY V. TERMS OF REFERENCE VI. SPEAKERS AND AUDIENCE VII. PROGRAM VIII. PARTICIPANT S PROFILES IX. MEXICAN POLITICAL AND ELECTORAL SYSTEM

3 I. PRESENTATION The National Electoral Institute (INE) is the public autonomous body responsible for organizing federal elections, meaning, elections of the President of the Republic, Representatives, and Senators that integrate the Congress of the Union. By the recent reform, it has been endowed with a faculty, if the case, to vote, at the General Council, on organizing local elections in the states of the Republic or Mexico City, in coordination with the local electoral management bodies. INE is empowered to carry out all the duties related to preparing, organizing and conducting federal elections in an integral and direct manner, which includes reviewing and adjusting electoral geography; integrating and updating the electoral roll; attending the rights and prerogatives of political parties and national political clusters; formulating and executing permanent civic education programs. Also, after the new political and electoral reform, INE came into possession of new roles: When required to do so by the political parties, INE may organize their internal elections INE will guarantee that independent candidates have access to State s times on radio and television, so that they may broadcast their campaigns. Verifying the compliance of the required minimum of the nominal list (2%) in order to request practice of popular consultation, and carrying out the necessary activities for its organization, including result scrutiny and declaration. Since 1990, the electoral authority has had the development of the political and democratic culture in Mexico on a national level among its responsibilities, by guiding its efforts into objectives that transmit knowledge related to democratic principles and values, promoting citizen participation, and creating programs for a comprehensive citizen development among the Mexican population. In order to comply with this objective, the Mexican electoral authority has developed 4 Civic Education Plans, being the following their main courses of action: Civic Education Policy : knowledge promotion about democracy among the population. Triennial Civic Education Plan (2004): Competence development on exercising citizenship. Civic Education strategic program ( ): Promoting citizen participation into the public sphere to validate their rights. Civic Education National Strategy ( ): Building up citizenship, promoting appreciation for public endeavors and public policy influence. After the National Strategy for Civic Education of was concluded, along with the completion of the 2014 Electoral Reform, other basis for establishing new strategies and continuity for all intended future plans by the recently created National Electoral Institute were introduced.

4 II. OBJECTIVE AND VENUE The following are the main objectives for the Second International Seminar: a) To get to know the international experiences about the definition and development of civic education and political culture in Taiwan, and South Korea b) To collaborate in the definition of a new concept of democratic political culture to support the design of INE s National Strategy of Civic Education for c) For the officers who will participate in the design and definition of the National Strategy to reflect on and discuss civic education and democratic political culture SEMINAR S VENUE The International Seminar will be divided in two stages: International Workshop Date: May 11st-May 12nd, Venue: Tecnológico de Monterrey International Round-Table: Date: May13th, 2016 Venue Tecnológico de Monterrey * The workshop will have simultaneous interpretation services in English and Spanish

5 III. INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS South Korea - Mr. Cho Hoon, Professor Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy (KOCEI). - Mr. Park Hwi-Keun, Coordinator of KOCEI s Civic Education Division - Ms. Lee Eun-Mi, staff member at the Association of World Election Bodies (A-WEB) Secretariat. Taiwan - Dr. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko, Vice Executive Director of Transparency International- Taiwan and Associate Professor at the General Education Center, National Taiwan University of Arts (NTUA). - Dr. Chun-Wen Lin, professor at the Teacher Education Center of the University of Chiayi

6 CIVIC AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION IN KOREA AND TAIWAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTION IN CHARGE FORMAL EDUCATION STRATEGY NON-FORMAL EDUCATION The Act on Education states that the purpose of education is to enable every citizen to lead a life worthy of human and to contribute to the development of a democratic country and realization of an ideal of human co-prosperity by ensuring cultivation of character, development of abilities for independent life and necessary qualities as a democratic citizen under the humanitarian ideal. After the 1990s, social movements began to get involved in literacy education. For most of these movements, literacy education includes the process of the restoration of self-esteem and self-confidence, community membership education, democratic citizenship education, and lifelong education. KOREA Act on Education 1 /Lifelong Education Act 2 Ministry of Education, Science and Technology The Ministry of Education has included civic participation education as a regular field of lifelong education within the revised Lifelong Education Act, and defines that lifelong education comprises the areas of literacy education, support for the attainment of educational qualifications, vocational capacity-building, humanities education, arts & culture education, and civic participation education. In cooperation with the National Human Rights Commission, Ministry of Unification and Ministry of Gender Equality, the Ministry of Education develops civic education textbooks, contents and professional educators in a wide variety of areas including politics, gender and law. Policy focus is placed on first raising the professional capacity of civic In 1996, the Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy was established, and has taken its firm roots as a professional civic education institute in Korea and is currently providing diverse and high quality programs for secondary and university students, school teachers, NGO members, and journalists. KOCEI 4 aims to realize civic democracy, thus overcoming the limits of representative democracy. For this purpose, KOCEI is striving hard to disseminate democratic values and civicmindedness in everyday life such as families, hospitals, schools, and work places as well as political arena

7 educators, in recognition of their influential role in the development of civic programs. In this line, the Ministry has recommended that training programs for civic educators cover a wider range of current-day agendas including human rights, peace and gender equality. The National Institute for Lifelong Education 3 currently functions as a base civic education center, conducting surveys and evaluation on the civic education programs of government bodies and local governments, and providing guidance for further development. Local governments accordingly designate and operate their own civic education centers at regions. KOCEI also improves the ability of the public officials in charge of the election by strengthening the expertise of the public officials in charge of election, manage it professionally and systematically by the duty and the field. It provides the customized programs for the public officials to improve the job performance and to strengthen the competence, and the civic education by the participation of the people through diverse education programs for the people from all levels of society such as the youths, voters, political party officials, etc. TAIWAN Educational Fundamental Act 5 / Social Education Act 6 Ministry of Education The ministry s definition of citizenship encompasses the particular nationality of a person (guo ming, nation), membership in a state or nation with rights and duties (shih ming, citizen), the rights of citizens (gong ming cyuan, civil rights), non-governmental organizations representing the interests and rights of citizens (gong ming she huei), a system of principles and values concerning people s behavior (dao de, morality), moral beliefs and rules about right and wrong (lun li, ethics), civic morality (gong ming yu dao de), character development (pin de), and civic volition and competence (gong ming su yang). According to the Educational Fundamental Act, the aim of civic and citizenship education in Taiwan is to empower modern citizens with a sense of national identity and international perspectives by fostering the development of a wholesome personality, democratic literacy, understanding of the rule of law, humanistic virtues, patriotism, environmental awareness, and information literacy. In addition, this area of learning should strengthen people s physical health as well as their ability to think, judge, and create; enhance respect for basic human rights; Non-formal citizenship education is provided predominantly by non-governmental organizations through activities such as the translation of the series Foundation of Democracy: Authority, Privacy, Responsibility and Justice published by the Center for Civic Education (U.S.A.) into Chinese and the training of professionals to extend the ideas of the civic and law-related education into schools campuses by cooperating with the schools

8 promote the protection of ecosystems and the natural environment; and enable students to understand social diversity (ethnicity, gender, religion, and culture). The Social Education Act serves to implement a lifetime education for all citizens as its goal. Some roles of social education are the following: Promoting ethnic spirit and citizens' moral Training citizens' self-autonomy and the wielding of political rights Guiding family and parental education Assisting group activities to improve the overall social atmosphere Improving human relations to increase societal harmony Promoting and strengthening a deeper concern for society and volunteerism Promoting and strengthening the democratic spirit and sense of civic responsibility The establishment, changes, and termination of social education shall be determined by the Ministry of Education. The curriculum of social education, except those of common nature, shall be revised in accordance with special needs by the government of a special municipality, county, or county-level city. In the last years, the Ministry of Education has implemented strategies relevant to civic and citizenship education, and developed curriculum and teaching materials for human rights and civic education.

9 IV. METHODOLOGY 1. The International Seminar on Civic Education will be divided into two main sections: an International Workshop on Civic Education and an International Round-Table: Civic Education as Principle for Democracy. 2. The international workshop will be divided into 7 working groups, developed in 2 days. In the workshop, only those INE s electoral officers appointed by the President Councilor and the Electoral Councillors will be participating, as well as representatives from the political parties. 3. The participants in the workshop will have informative documents on the characteristics of the international institutions. 4. After each speaker s presentation during the International Workshop, an exchange session will be held to generate specific questions and deepen information on the workshop s topics. 5. For the sessions of the International Workshop, representatives from Taiwan, South Korea and Mexico will make a presentation of their national civic education programs. The sessions will have an exchange session, questions and comments from the attending audience. 6. Each working group will have a moderator 7. The International Round-Table will be open to the public. Institutions belonging to the Executive, Legislative and Judiciary Powers, electoral officers, scholars and NGO s will be invited as audience. 8. An exchange and question session will be open for the attending audience.

10 V. TERMS OF REFERENCE The following are the terms of reference regarding the subjects of the presentations and duty description of all the panelists and moderators: 1. International Workshop on Civic Education A. Panelists and moderators role - Panelists: Presentation of the proposed subjects in 40 minutes; will be able to support his/her presentation with power point slides, materials or internet URLs. - Moderator: introducing panelists to the audience; bring up the subject; elaborate questions, develop an idea that may give a compared reference, or provide a context to the subject. The stances or references have to be brief and providing depth to the theme, without hindering the panelist s presentation. B. Workshop s contents Theme 1. The development of civic education in Taiwan and South Korea - Explaining the historical, political, and cultural context that has prevailed in the country to understand the motifs or reasons behind a civic education policy. - Recognizing the reasons and main stakeholders that motivated the creation of civic education policies, as well as mentioning which were the intended objectives to be accomplished. - Mentioning the legal framework and the institutions involved with the civic education. - Evolution of public policies, outlining the relevant periods and social, political, and cultural contexts. Theme 2. Design and program evaluation, and civic education campaigns in Taiwan and South Korea - Explaining the methodological and theoretical civic education campaigns principles - Presenting the program and activities developed aiming the promotion of democratic principles and values. - Presenting the materials used in the civic education programs and activities. - Introducing the target groups in the civic education programs: youth, pupils and teachers, and citizens. - Evaluating mechanisms in the civic education programs and campaigns: tools, regularity, and measuring impact.

11 - Interinstitutional and key stakeholders collaboration mechanisms: political parties and civil society organizations to elaborate tools of the civic education programs and campaigns. 2. International Round table: Civic Education as foundation for Democracy A. Panelist and moderator s role - Panelist: Each panelist will be granted 10 minutes to present their theme according to the terms of reference and guidelines established by the moderator. - Moderator: Introducing the guest panelists, defining de round table s dynamic; taking up a stance on the corresponding theme by bringing up specific questions or through an open subject; granting each panelist same time to elaborate their answers; also, he/she may have time to receive questions from the attending public. It is highly recommended to bring forth subjects or questions that may encourage a debate. The questions made by the attending public have to be written and the moderator may be able to summarize them, as well as to direct them to a particular panelist, or openly present them, managing time so that every panelist may be able to answer. B. Contents of the International Round Table Each panelist will address the importance of civic education as part of a principle to develop democracy through their perspective, and which are the consequences for those democratic systems which do not have civic education; defining the main established challenges for the encouragement of civic education in current democratic societies.

12 VI. SPEAKERS AND AUDIENCE A. International Workshop 1. Panelist Speakers Mr. Cho Hoon, Professor Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy (KOCEI) Mr. Park Hwi-Keun, Coordinator of KOCEI s Civic Education Division Ms. Lee Eun-Mi, staff member at the Association of World Election Bodies (A-WEB) Secretariat. Dr. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko, Vice Executive Director of Transparency International-Taiwan and Associate Professor at the General Education Center, National Taiwan University of Arts (NTUA). Dr. Chun-Wen Lin, professor at the Teacher Education Center of the University of Chiayi of Taiwan. Dr. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello, National Electoral Institute s President Councilor MA Marco Antonio Baños Martínez, National Electoral Institute s Electoral Councilor Electoral Executive Direction for Electoral Training and Civic Education of the National Electoral Institute 2. Audience Electoral Councilors of the National Electoral Institute. BA Edmundo Jacobo Molina, Executive Secretary of the National Electoral Institute MA Roberto Heycher Cardiel Soto, Executive Director of Electoral Training and Civic Education of the National Electoral Institute. BA Manuel Carrillo Poblano, Head of the International Affairs Unit of the National Electoral Institute. Advisors from INE s Presidency of the General Council and the Executive Secretary s Office General Council s Presidency Advisors Political parties represented at INE Executive Direction of Electoral Training and Civic Education s staff members International Affairs Unit Staff B) International Round-Table 1. Panelists and moderator Dr. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko, Vice Executive Director of Transparency International- Taiwan and Associate Professor at the General Education Center, National Taiwan University of Arts (NTUA). Mr. Cho Hoon, Professor Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy (KOCEI) Mauricio Merino, Research professor at the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics (CIDE) (to be confirmed). Electoral Councilors

13 Moderator: BA Edmundo Jacobo Molina, Executive Secretary of the National Electoral Institute 2. Guest institutions Supreme Court of Justice Chamber of Deputies Senate Ministry of Interior Ministry of Public Education National Commission of Human Rights Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judicial Branch Specialized Prosecutor for the Attention of Electoral Crimes (FEPADE) Local Electoral Bodies Political Parties represented at INE Non-Governmental Organizations Universities and Upper Education Centers

14 VII. PROGRAM Wednesday, May 11 th Monterrey s Technological Institute s Council Room, Library, 3 rd floor 08: hrs. Signing of the ITESM-INE agreement Dr. Arturo Molina, Research and Innovation Vice Chancellor of Monterrey s Technological Institute (to be confirmed) Dr. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello, INE s President Councilor 08:50-09:20 hrs. Opening remarks and introduction Marco Antonio Baños, Electoral Councilor and President of the Electoral Trainning and Civic Education Commission. Edmundo Jacobo, INE s Executive Secretary Dr. Inés Saenz Negrete, Dean of the Liberal Studies and Social Sciences School of the Monterrey s Institute of Technology. Dr. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello, INE s President Councilor 09:20-09:30 hrs. Break 09:30-09:40 hrs. Methodology introduction Manuel Carrillo Poblano, INE s Head of the Foreign Affairs Unit 09:40-10:20 hrs. Table 1: Development of Civic Education in Taiwan Dra. Chun-Wen Lin, Professor at the Teachers Education Center. Moderator: to be confirmed 10:20-11:30 hrs. Exchange session Questions and remarks 11:30-11:40 hrs. Break 11:40-12:20 hrs. Mesa 2. The development of Civic Education in South Korea Prof. Cho Hoon, Professor at the Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy Moderator: to be confirmed 12:20-13:30 hrs. Exchange session Questions and remarks

15 Thursday, May 12 th Monterrey s Technological Institute s Council Room, Library, 3 rd floor 9:30-10:10 hrs. Table 3: Civic Education programs and campaigns design and assessment in South Korea. Professor Cho Hoon, Professor at the Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy Moderator: to be confirmed 10:10-11:20 hrs. Exchange session Questions and remarks 11:20-11:30 hrs. Break 11:30-12:10 hrs. Table 4: Civic Education programs and campaigns design and assessment in Taiwan Dr. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko, Executive Director at de Transparency International Taiwan and Associate Professor in Taiwan s National University Moderator: to be confirmed 12:10-13:20 hrs. Exchange session Questions and remarks 13:20-15:00 hrs. Lunch 15:00-15:40 hrs. Table 5: Civic Education programs and campaigns design and assessment in México National Strategy for Civic Education. Future proposals and development. INE s representative Moderator: to be confirmed 15:40-17:00 hrs. Exchange session Questions and remarks International Round Table. Civic education as foundation for democracy. Friday, May 13 th Congress Room of the Monterrey s Technological Institute 10:00-10:15 hrs. Welcome session 10:15-11:30 hrs. Dr. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko, Taiwan s Transparency International Executive Director and Associated Professor at Taiwan s National University. Cho Hoon, Professor at the Korean Civic Education Institute for Democracy Mauricio Merino, Research professor at the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics (CIDE) Electoral Councilors Moderator: Edmundo Jacobo, INE s Executive Director

16 VIII. PARTICIPANTS PROFILES Lorenzo Córdova was named the first president of the National Electoral Institute on April 3, He is a lawyer and Mexican scholar, he has been a professor at the Faculty of Law and researcher at the Institute of Legal Research of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. He is a member of the National System of Researchers. He collaborates in the newspaper El Universal, as well as in magazines such as Nexos and Voice and Vote. In December 2011 he was appointed Electoral Councilor of the Federal Electoral Institute, position he held until Chun-wen Lin was educated at National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), where she received her PhD in She joined National Chiayi University (NCYU, Taiwan) in 2011 and since then served as an assistant professor in Teacher Education Center. Dr. Lin s research has for a long time focused on social class, identities and educational inequalities; however, in recent years, as investigator of several MOST projects, she started to explore the development of civil society in Taiwan. Now, she is the one and only professor providing civil education related course in Teacher Education Center. Chuan-Yu Ernie Ko is an Associate Professor at the General Education Center, National Taiwan University of Arts (NTUA). His pro bono is advocating civil education and anti-corruption as Vice Executive Director of Transparency International-Taiwan (TI-Taiwan). His research interests are: civil education, international relations, and global anti-corruption movement. Holds a Ph.D. degree in Diplomacy from National Chengchi University (Taiwan) and Master s degree from the Elliott School of International Affairs, the George Washington University in Washington, DC, USA. Dr. Ko was a member of White House press corps during the Clinton Administration. Cho Hoon is a professor at KOCEI, Guest Professor in Dankook University and Hanawon (National Unification Ministry). He was Deputy Director in Seoul Metropolitan Election Commission and Director in Gangseo-gu Election Commission. He holds Bachelor's Degree in Public Administration by the KonKuk University and a Master's Degree in Public administration from Graduate School of Konkuk University. Park Hwi-Keun Coordinator of KOCEI Civic Education Division. Bachelor's Degree in Political Diplomacy of Incheon University

17 Lee Eun-mi is a staff member at the Association of World Election Bodies (A- WEB) Secretariat, based in Songdo, Incheon, of the Republic of Korea. She conducted an Election Management Body (EMB) Capacity Building Training Program for Middle-Level Officials from 17 countries aimed at enhancing their theoretical and practical expertise on election management. Eun-mi earned a Bachelor s degree in English at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies and a Master s degree in international cooperation from Yonsei University s Graduate School of International Studies, both in South Korea. Marco Antonio Baños has been an Electoral Councillor of the National Electoral Institute since He is a scholar, and was a founding official of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE), where he has held positions as Executive Director of the Professional Electoral Service, Director of the Secretariat and Director of Electoral Statistics and Information. He has also been Deputy Director of the Regional Coordination of the Second Circumscription, as well as Executive Director of Electoral Organization. Between 2008 and 2013, he held the position of Electoral Councilor at IFE. He is the President of the Electoral Training and Civic Education Commission of INE. Roberto Heycher Cardiel Soto is Executive Director at the National Electoral Institute s (INE) Electoral Training and Civic Education Office; Technical Secretary at the Electoral Training and Civic Education Commission and the Institute s Editorial Committee. He is member of the Electoral Professional Service since 2003, being president of District and Local Councils in the states of Coahuila and Oaxaca. He holds a Master s in Electoral Affairs granted by the Autonomous University of Spain in Durango, and a PhD candidate in Strategic Planning and Technical Management by the Public Autonomous University of Puebla. He is a professor of post-graduate studies in various higher education institutions and has been a key-note speaker in conferences, seminars, and forums in areas related to political and electoral matters; administrative, and legal themes. Manuel Carrillo Poblano holds a Bachelor s Degree in Political Sciences and Public Administration granted by the National Autonomous University of Mexico s (UNAM) Faculty for Political and Social Sciences. He holds a Master s degree in Political Sciences by the El Colegio de Mexico s Center for International Studies. He was Deputy Director for Political Analysis of the Ministry of State s National Security and Research Department. Since 1993 he has been the Head of INE s (former IFE) Foreign Affairs Unit.

18 IX. MEXICAN POLITICAL AND ELECTORAL SYSTEM Mexico A. Mexico in Brief Official Name: United States of Mexico Form of Government: Federal Republic Territory: 1,964,375 km2 Population: 121,005,815 Indigenous people: 6,695,228 Illiterate people (15 years and older): 5,393,665 Average years of schooling (15 years and older): 8.9 years Mexican Migrants: 13,212, 419 Electoral roll: 80,965,079 Population Population 0-14 years years 65 years and more Women Men

19 B. Political and Electoral Overlook Political Organization: Mexico is a Federal State composed by thirty-two entities of a Federation: thirty-two states. Mexico City is the venue of the Federal Branches. The government system is presidential. Both, Federation and the thirty-two states are based on the principle of division of powers between the Executive, Legislative and Judicial Branches. C. Form of Government: presidential Executive Power: The Federal Executive power rests upon the President of the Mexican United States. At a local system, for each one of the thirty-one states, there is a Governor for each entity and a Head of Government for Mexico City. All of them are elected every six years and may not be re-elected. Legislative Branch: vested upon the Congress of the Union, divided into: Upper and Lower Chambers. The Legislative Branch of the thirty-two entities is single-chambered; those belonging to the thirty-one states are called Local Congresses and the one for Mexico City is named Legislative Assembly. All legislators are elected for a three-year period, except the members of the Upper Chamber who serve a six-year period. Moreover, after the 2015 election Congresses Members and Senators can be related for another term of service not exceeding a twelve years period at the appointment. Judiciary Branch: At a Federal level, it is presided by the Highest Court in the Country, the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation. The electoral judiciary power is deposited on the Electoral Court of the Federation, Circuit Tribunals and District Tribunals. With the exception of the Supreme Court, the Federation Judiciary Council oversees and manages disciplinary procedures of the other member bodies of the branch. D. Electoral System The Mexican electoral system is a mixed system of elections, meaning representatives are elected by a relative majority or simple majority election through direct vote and a proportional representative derived of it; with little inclination to relative majority system election. Election of the President of the Republic: through direct election, universal suffrage, and the principle of simple majority. Election of the Lower Chamber Members: The Lower Chamber is integrated by 500 representatives; all of whom are renewed every three years by a mixed system; 200 by proportional representation through a system of parties lists of five constituencies and 300 by simple majority at uninominal electoral districts wide country.

20 Election of the Upper Chamber: composed by 128 members elected through a three-partite system. 64 are elected in a two-member formula7 two senators for each state of the country- elected by simple majority, 32 are chosen by proportional representation and the last 32 senators are elected by a principle of the first minority, this minority is the formula that gains the second largest balloting. Bodies of the Mexican Electoral System National Electoral Institute Federal Electoral Court8 Specialized Prosecutor Office for Electoral Crimes Besides these three specialized bodies at federal level, every state of the republic has, by constitutional mandate, a permanent Local Electoral Court and a permanent EMB, which results in 32 Local EMBs and 32 local Electoral Courts; no matter Mexican Constitution gives autonomy of functions to local EMBs, if needed the local EMB can subscribe an agreement with the National Institute to arrange for this last one to administer a local election besides the faculty of attraction that law grants to INE of vote. E. National Electoral Institute There are two main features regarding electoral affairs that determine distribution of competences. First; the Federation, as well as the 32 states, has their own regulations, institutions and procedures in electoral affairs. That is to say, the boundaries between the electoral competences of the two levels of jurisdiction are clearly marked, but some functions are just faculty of the national EMB, i.e. electoral training, national voters registry, over sight, for mention some of them. In case INE considers the local EMB has enough structure and capacity to handle the functions, these can be delegated on them. Hence, although they have some fundamental rules in common, federal elections (President, Representatives and Senators) and local elections (Governors, State Representatives and local authorities) are ruled and organized separately. Second, the administrative and the jurisdictional functions are separated functions, therefore are given to different organs for each level. The National Electoral Institute (INE) is the public, autonomous body, independent in its decisions and management, and professional in its performance, which heads and coordinates the national system for electoral management. This system was structured from an important constitutional reform issued in February 2014 (see part 2 in this binder). This reform significantly changed the scheme of distribution of powers in electoral matters that had characterized the Mexican federal pact in recent decades. 7 Candidate and substitute candidate. 8 Electoral Tribunal of the Federal Judicial Branch, (TEPJF, by its acronym in Spanish. It is integrated by a Superior Courtroom and Five Regionals Courtrooms).

21 INE was formally constituted on April 4, 2014 and is, largely, heir to the structure and powers of the Federal Electoral Institute (IFE), which it replaced as the body responsible for organizing federal elections. However, INE transcends the range of powers of its predecessor not only because it has significantly expanded its range of responsibilities, but also because those responsibilities entail both a leading role in the national system of electoral management, as well as a steward role in organising elections of local character. The new institutional design for election management is ruled by general legislation (the so-called General Law on Institutions and Electoral Procedures, enacted in May 2014), which standardizes an important set of electoral procedures and preserves the figure of local electoral bodies, generically called Local Electoral Public Bodies, or OPLEs, after their acronym in Spanish. The Constitution core values in which the National Electoral Institute must base every action are six: Certainty Legality Independence Impartiality Objectivity Maximum Publicity INE is endowed with a permanent character, legal personality and patrimony of its own. Its headquarters are in Mexico City, and in order to carry out its tasks it operates in a decentralized manner across the nation with 32 decentralized offices one in every entity of the country and 300 more offices at district level. Ever since its creation, the constitutional and legal regulations in this matter have experienced significant reform processes, which have had an impact on its integration, attributions and functions. It is worth to mention the reforms of 1996 and The first one because it reinforced the level of independence and autonomy of the EMB by completely dissociating the Executive Branch from any aspect regarding its integration and functioning, and by reserving the vote within all its directive bodies to Citizens Councilors that do not have links to any political party or to any State power or body. The second one, because it strengthened and extended EMB s attributions, especially in terms of over-sight s faculty and control of the funding of political parties and electoral campaigns, as well as the administration of the slots allocated to the State on radio and television to operate a new electoral advertisement scheme. In order to guarantee a professional and specialized performance, the Institute relies on a special system regarding recruitment, selection, training, and evaluation of qualified staff to provide electoral services, especially in areas directly linked with the preparation and organization of elections. This system developed is the Professional Electoral Service.

22 Mandate The electoral law establishes that the organization and functioning of INE must be oriented towards achieving eight fundamental goals: To contribute to the development of democracy. To preserve the strengthening of the political parties system. To integrate the federal registry of voters. To ensure the citizens' exercise of political-electoral rights and to guard the observation of their duties. To guarantee periodical, truthful and peaceful elections to renew the Legislative and the Executive Branches. To watch for the authenticity and effectiveness of vote casting. To promote vote and democratic culture. To be sole authority to manage the slots belonging to the State in radio and television designated to spread electoral bodies objectives and to guarantee the right of equity of the political parties. INE s General Council The General Council is the superior executive body of the National Electoral Institute, thus, responsible of watching over compliance of the constitutional and legal dispositions on electoral affairs, as well as for watching over certainty, legality, independence, impartiality, objectivity and maximum publicity principles guide all institution s activities. It is composed by 11 members with voice and vote rights, and a variable number of members with voice right but no vote9. Within their new attributions, it has been considered that INE will designate local General Councils for every local EMB. The 11 members with the right of voice and vote are the President Counselor and 10 Electoral Counselors all of which are elected with a two thirds voting by the legislative lower chamber, from proposals made by the Technical Evaluation Committee (CTE). This committee is made up by seven personalities of recognized prestige - three of them designated by the lower chamber, two of them by the Information Access Federal Institute (IFAI), and two more by Human Rights National Commission (CNDH). The President Counselor is elected to serve for a 9 year term (the current President Counselor began his term in February 2014) no reelection is possible. The ten Electoral Counselors are appointed to serve nine, six or three years terms and may not be reelected. 9 Seven Councillors from Legislative Branch, one for each parliamentary fraction representing at the Congress; and ten national political parties representatives, one for every party with national registration and the Executive Secretary.

23 Current Electoral Council is integrated by: PhD. Lorenzo Córdova Vianello, President of the General Council M.A. Enrique Andrade González M.A. Marco Antonio Baños Martínez M.A. Adriana M. Favela Herrera M.A. Beatriz Eugenia Galindo Centeno PhD. Ciro Murayama Rendón PhD. Benito Nacif Hernández PhD. José Roberto Ruiz Saldaña M.A. Pamela San Martín Ríos y Valles M.A. Arturo Sánchez Gutiérrez M.A. Javier Santiago Castillo Main Attributions INE is directly responsible for all of the activities concerning the preparation, organization, conduction, and surveillance of the federal electoral processes, as well as for those regarding the goals that the law has established for it. Among its main attributions are the following: To periodically determine and revise the electoral geography. To elaborate and update the Federal Registry of Voters, and issue the photographic voting card required for casting a vote. To register national political groups and parties as well as guard their rights and prerogatives. To set the ceilings for campaign expenses. To oversee and audit the origin, management and application of all political parties financial resources regarding ordinary and campaign activities. To register the candidacies for federal election posts. To design, print, and distribute all electoral materials. To select and train polling site officers. To regulate opinion surveys and polls. To assure electoral observation. To tally electoral results.

24 To declare the validity and grant certificates in the elections for Lower and Upper Chamber members10. To receive electoral breaches according to law and filed documentation to be send to the Electoral Court. To design and execute permanent civic education programs. INE s inner structure on a central and decentralized level has three different types of bodies: 1) Executive, constituted under the General Council s figure, is the decision-taker body and deliberative stances, responsible for watching over the compliance of constitutional and legal norms related to the matter; 2) Technical-executive, constituted under a board of trustees figure and are responsible of carrying out all required technical and administrative tasks for preparing, organizing, and developing the elections (300 offices long-across the country and 32 offices at every state entity in the country); 3) Surveillance, integrated under a commissions figure with exclusive assignments in the electoral registry sphere. 10 Regarding Presidential Election, the Electoral Court has the final part of the process into its responsibility. After solve all claims and resources filed, the Court must tally and declare validity of the election so as grants to the winning candidate the certificate of President Elect.