AP AMERICAN GOVERNMENT

Transcription

1 AP AMERICAN GOVERNMENT Unit One Part 3 Political Culture, Ideology, and Structure 2 1

2 Political Ideology and Attitudes Toward Government LO 4.2 Compare and contrast political ideologies and evaluate the critiques of each ideology.

3 Political Ideology Political ideology: a consistent pattern of ideas or beliefs about political values and the role of government Go to the World s Shortest Political Quiz at: php Copyright 7 3

4 Political Spectrum 100% Freedom 100% Personal Freedom 100% Economic Freedom 0% Freedom

5 100% Personal Freedom Political Spectrum* READ THE TITLE! READ THE AXES! 100% Freedom 0% Freedom 100% Economic Freedom *rotate the graph to read it more clearly!

6 American Political Spectrum Liberals: economic regulation and personal liberty Conservatives: economic freedom and personal regulation Libertarians: both economic and personal freedom Populists: both economic and personal regulation Copyright 7 6

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8 Two Main Camps Liberal: Economic Regulation: a belief that government should achieve justice and equality of opportunity Social Freedom: personal freedom is as, or more, important than tradition; rules change based on circumstances of modern life and individual preferences Copyright 4 8

9 Two Main Camps LO 4.2 Conservative: Economic Freedom: a belief that limited government ensures order, competitive markets, and personal opportunity Social Regulation: morality is as, or more, important than self-expression; morality derives from fixed rules Back to learning objectives

10 Political Ideology and Attitudes Toward Government LO 4.2 Criticisms of Liberalism It relies too much on government, higher taxes, and bureaucracy to solve the nation s problems. Reliance on government can destroy individualism. Back to learning objectives

11 Political Ideology and Attitudes Toward Government LO 4.2 Criticisms of Conservatism Focus on deregulation has not always worked: economic collapse in Conservatives favor more government action on their issues but not on the issues of others. Some conservatives fail to endorse policies that deal with racism and sexism. Back to learning objectives

12 Table 7.6: How Liberals and Conservatives Differ Copyright 7 12

13 Liberals believe that individuals are collectively responsible for the welfare of the entire community. Thus more programs to help the entire community means that higher taxes and bigger government is needed to oversee the programs. Pro-choice Equality of Outcome Feminism Affirmative Action Gun Regulation Social Welfare programs Universal Health Insurance Separation of church and state-no religion in Public schools Against the death penalty Regulated Market Conservatives believe that individuals are responsible for themselves, and that the community benefits from the efforts of the individuals acting in their interests. Thus less governmental programs, less taxes, and less government is the goal. Pro-Life Equality of Opportunity Patriarchal Affirmative action is reverse racism No Gun Regulation Private Charity No separation of church and state Vouchers for public schools Support the death penalty Free Market 7 13

14 Political Socialization Political socialization: the process by which personal and other background traits influence one s views about politics and government Copyright 7 14

15 Political Socialization Family Religion School Media Government Copyright 7 15

16 Demographics and Ideology Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Back to learning objectives

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18 Education From 1920s through 1960s, studies showed a college education had a liberalizing effect, possibly because of exposure to liberal elites Contemporary college students opinions are more complicated Copyright 7 18

19 Generational Survey by Washington Post/Henry J. Kaiser Foundation/Harvard University, August 2-September 1, 2002, as reported in Elizabeth Hamel et al., "Younger Voters," Public Perspective, May/June 2003, p. 11. Copyright 7 19

20 Generational

21 Economic Class

22 Economic Class Economic class: ill-defined in U.S., though recognized in specific cases (e.g., truck drivers and investment bankers) Economic class is less important in the U.S. than in Europe; the extent of cleavage has declined in both places Copyright 7 22

23 Race and Ethnicity

24 Regional Differences Southerners are more conservative than other regions regarding aid to minorities, legalizing marijuana, school busing, and rights of the accused Southerners are now significantly less Democratic than they were for most of the 20 th century Copyright 7 24

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27 Political Ideology and the American People LO 4.3 Assess the importance of political ideology in light of competing ideas and the contemporary American context. LO 4.3 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Back to learning objectives

28 What did you notice about ALL the graphs and tables?

29 Distribution of Ideology in the US

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31 Distribution of Ideology in the US 2011 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Longman Back to learning objectives

32 Political Ideology and the American People The majority of Americans do not think ideologically Most Americans identify themselves as moderates or centrists Politics in America is characterized by shifting coalitions and interests. Ideas are still important, but most Americans vote on single issues or for individual personalities. Copyright 7 32

33 Exit Ticket SOCRATIVE COURSE #239536