Answer the following questions in a new warm-up entry:

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2 Today we are beginning our WWII Unit. Answer the following questions in a new warm-up entry: 1. Which countries were involved in WWII? 2. What was it about? 3. What caused it and where did it take place? How did WWI s ending help to cause WWII?

3 Enhanc Instruct Image Fa Link

4 WWII European Map You will need: - Four different colored pencils - The Americans book page Pencil

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6 Label the spectrum and make a special note of where Hitler s politics would be placed. Liberal Right Left Fascist Communist Conservative

7 Grab a notecard. Write down one thing you learned today. Get in a group of 4-5. You will meet for no more than 2 minutes. First person shares something they learned. Teams discusses. If a everyone is in consensus (agreement), records that idea on your own paper. Repeat until each person has shared.

8 I learned I am beginning to wonder.. I have a question about I am beginning to understand I want to know I feel I think Today I understood I was surprised that I would like to know more about I am still confused about The lesson was valuable because

9 1. Have your out to be checked this was HW! 2. Take a and begin. Make sure this ends up in your warm up book!! 3. Reminder: Remind me to discuss the Meet a Holocaust Survivor & Liberator

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11 Warm Up Take out the sheet from yesterday and answer the questions on the right hand side. Announcements HW due tomorrow WWII Map Quiz Wed 2/8

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15 Round 2 Round 1 Take your binder and take the first five minutes of class (round 1 - timer is running!) to figure out your top 3-4 moves for today.

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17 Warm Up Analyze this cartoon by answering the following questions: 1. Who is featured in the cartoon? 2. Why are they in harmony? 3. What statement can you make that explains what these individuals have in common/how they are different?

18 The War Guilt Clause Reparations (33 billion) Middle East colonies Security Germany s army reduced to 100,000 The Saar Valley (coal) League of Nations (but it fails) Self determination (ignored)

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20 Avoiding foreign entanglements US never ratifies the Treaty of Versailles 5-country treaty that ends naval arms race, temporarily --> 15 countries sign in 1928 that pledge to end all war Eventually 60 countries sign Does nothing to enforce the Pact Let s just stay out of it.

21 Germany is bankrupt and forced to pay massive reparations is cancelled in 1929, forcing Germany to pay their own debt Germany United States France & Great Britain Video: How WWI led to WWII

22 Europe created more problems than it solves Extreme anger & resentment Germany & Japan both drop out in the 1930 s Balkan Peninsula changes borders & countries More resentment due to Treaty of Versailles

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24 Rise of Communism in Russia (U.S.S.R.) Rise of Great Depression and social disorder throughout the world

25 loyalty to country is combined with dreams of territorial expansion to allow the rise of Fascism A ruler with absolute power Political system where individuals are under the total control of the state (gov t) ie. Mussolini, Hitler, and Stalin

26 Emphasizes extreme nationalism importance of the state over the individual Power rests in single person or small party Italy, Germany, Spain are all Fascist states (Japan is similar) Fasces Origin: Latin Meaning: a bundle of rods tied around an ax handle Symbol: Unity and authority, ancient Rome Mussolini and Hitler show solidarity

27 Problems: Disappointed after WWI and influenced by Benito Mussolini founds the Fascist Party in 1919 (Promise to restore Roman glory) young private army that created fear and violence among opposition Mussolini takes control of gov t Outlaws political parties, used the secret police Flooded all of Italy with Fascist propaganda Created great amounts of fear for any who opposed him HD Stock Footage of Mussolini s Blackshirts

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29 Mussolini in Rome Video Clip - Mini Bio - Mussolini

30 Mussolini s Background Former elementary school teacher, journalist Started out as a Socialist For this, he was jailed and expelled from Italy Upon his return, he became editor of the organization's newspaper, Avanti (meaning "Forward"), which gave him more media power After WWI, he criticized Italy for their weakness in the Treaty of Versailles Mussolini organized a para-military unit known as the "Black Shirts," who terrorized political opponents and helped increase Fascist influence. Invaded Ethiopia and sent support to Spain (Civil War) Impressed Hitler; built a friendship

31 Leader of Fascist Italy throughout World War II

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33 Italian Aggression: In A Nutshell Italy expanded into were under Italian control by 1936 The League of Nations the invasions, but did nothing to stop Mussolini

34 Warm Up: Take out your reading from yesterday in class, Military Aggression Meets a Weak Response. Now, choose ONE country below and answer these three questions on a sheet of loose-leaf. You will need to keep these notes. Italy 1. Where did they use aggression? 2. Why did they use aggression? 3. What did the League of Nations do? 1. Ethiopia, Libya, Somalia 2. Rebuild old Roman Empire; resources such as oil and minerals 3. Mild economic sanctions USA Continues trading oil (neutral) Germany 1. Where did they use aggression? 2. Why did they use aggression? 3. What did the League of Nations do? 1. Annexed Austria, Czechoslovakia 2. Third Reich 3. No sanctions only a formal condemnation USA Helps Britain and France (Lend-lease) Japan 1. Where did they use aggression? 2. Why did they use aggression? 3. What did the League of Nations do? 1. Invade Manchuria, China 2. Resources and empire 3. Order Japan to withdraw USA Roosevelt makes speech to blockade; eventually will impose an oil embargo

35 Agenda Warm Up (done!) Notes Introduce WWII Simulation Choose a country today Rules and simulation requirements

36 reparations and rebuilding in 20s-30s National Socialist German Workers Party Nazi Party led by Hitler in 1933 Hitler named in 1933 Soon takes power and promises to create the Great Germany of the past Hitler begins to re-arm Germany and stop following restrictions set at Versailles

37 Exactly how much did Germany lose at the Treaty of Versailles?

38 Adolf Hitler WWI veteran Charismatic speaker and demagogue Led Nazi revolution in 1923 (Hitler is arrested and jailed) In prison, he writes Becomes a bestseller in Germany

39 Legally gains power and soon becomes (means the Leader ) Hitler blames Jews and communists for German defeat and problems (Anti-Semitism) The 1933 fireat the Reichstag was a political opportunity for Hitler to dispense Germany s constitution.

40 Hitler s Background Poor student did not pass the entrance exam for the Vienna School of Art Born 1889 in Braunau am Inn, Austria the house has been empty ever since Lost a younger brother when he was little Very angry about WWI and Versailles. Hitler was jealous of Jewish successes, esp. in business Thought the Jews in Germany were working against them in WWI Europe very anti-semitic for centuries Master or Aryan Race- white, blonde hair, blue eyes (Hitler had dark brown hair and brown eyes) Lebenspraum 6 million Jews killed, million total we ll never know for sure Nazi flag designed by Hitler, but swastika comes from Sanskrit 5,000 years earlier meaning good fortune - the swastika is used in many cultures/religions around the world i.e. Hinduism and Buddhism in southern and eastern Asia

41 "The Jews were responsible for bringing negroes into the Rhineland with the ultimate idea of bastardising the white race which they hate and thus lowering its cultural and political level so that the Jew might dominate." "The longer I lived in Vienna, the stronger became my hatred for the promiscuous swarm of foreign peoples which began to batten on that old nursery ground of German culture." "Only an adequate large space on this earth assures a nation freedom of existence." Jewish peoples intended to taint or damage the white race, so that they could dominate the world Eastern Europeans are to blame for ruining the pristine land of Germany Lebensraum, or living space, was something that Hitler thought Germans should have more of.

42 German Aggression In A Nutshell In 1935, Hitler announced that Germany would no longer obey the and would rebuild military Germany invades the did nothing to stop Hitler

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44 German Aggression Anschluss annexation of Austria into the German Reich, 1938 Annexation of the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia in September 1938

45 January 17, HOUR DELAY Schedule Announcements You will have a Leaders and Aggression quiz on 1/23 Study Guides due Friday In our WWII simulation, you will have 2 moves today. Agenda Notes first Distribute study guide (period 1) ~15 minutes for WWII Simulation Countries are posted!

46 Spanish Civil War Rebellion against Spanish Republic Led by Francisco Franco Italy and Germany support Franco with troops and supplies Franco wins Civil War and another Fascist dictatorship is established Hitler s Luftwaffe practices against Spanish citizens (testing ground for WWII) U.S., Soviet Union and other nations give little support to the Republic gov t

47 Led a rebellion against the Democratic Spanish gov t and took power afterwards Resulted in a nationalist victory The nationalists received support from Germany and Italy, while the republicans were backed up by the Soviets in the USSR.

48 Mini Bio - Tojo War Minister of Japan

49 take over Democratic gov t in the 30 s (small group in control) Interested in Roosevelt Japan invades connection and make it a puppet state formally independent but controlled by another state Japan withdraws from the An interesting

50 Japan s Great East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere: theory that Japan s manifest destiny was to drive out all Western colonial powers from Asia Dominate Asia and the Pacific gain living space and natural resources How does this cartoon from the Philadelphia Inquirer represent American views towards Japanese expansionism?

51 Japanese Southern Manchuria fell by Manchuria, China Manchuria invaded by Japanese military (without consent of the government) in 1931 created a puppet state (one that had previously been independent that was now dominated by another nation) violated the Open Door Policy League of Nations condemned the invasion but was unable to step in to defend Manchuria because it did not have enforcement power

52 Americans fear Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin becomes leader he wanted to modernize Soviet Union (U.S. sells equipment to them) everything People have no rights and gov t controls Soviet relations increase greatly Common fear of Germany, Japan and Italy Economic interests during the Depression Mini Bio - Stalin

53 While in power, Stalin will be responsible ~13 million deaths, many of them his own people

54 Stalin s Background 2 nd Soviet Premier (after Lenin) Born as Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili in 1878 Son of a cobbler and a washerwoman in Gori, Georgia Suffered in a carriage accident and smallpox, resulting in scars and a disfigured arm In 1902, he was arrested for coordinating a labor strike and exiled to Siberia Created the name Stalin man of steel Stalin forced rapid industrialization and the collectivization of agricultural land, resulting in millions dying from famine while others were sent to camps.

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56 You are in line to check out of the grocery store. In the next line over, you see a little kid and his parent. The child is having a temper tantrum and crying loudly all because he wants a candy bar. causes causes Should the parent buy the kid the candy bar?

57 Italy Germany Japan Great Britain USA?

58 WHY NO ACTION? Lasting memory of WWI Fear of Soviet Communism (thought Germany would balance U.S.S.R. out) Objections to the Treaty of Versailles-many felt Germany was not completely wrong Hope for compromise Appeasement: Giving Hitler part of what he wanted (Hitler said he had limited ambitions)

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62 LON asks the US to embargo Roosevelt continues trading oil, ammunition & arms to Italy Meanwhile, the US. Can t, sorry just signed the Neutrality Acts Congress passes Neutrality Acts Designed to keep the US out of conflict with everyone in Europe Recalled horror of WWI

63 Warm Up Caption this photo by adding thought clouds to each figure. In your thought cloud, you should include context of what is actually going on behind this handshake!

64 Appeasement at Munich Munich Conference Hitler promises to take no more land in Europe in exchange for Sudetenland Peace in Our Time: guarantee made by Neville Chamberlain (Prime Minister of Great Britain)

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66 The Road to War Nonaggression Pact Agreement that Soviet Union and Germany would not attack one another Sep. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg attack mobile ground forces supported by bombers punching holes in enemy defenses ( lightning war ) 4 weeks to take Poland Germany and U.S.S.R. split up Poland (Soviets also take Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Finland Germany soon takes Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Netherlands Most importantly, France: (Charles de Gaulle sets up French resistance gov t in G.B.)

67 Europe During WWI Then and Now

68 Jan. 19 Agenda Check study guides and do vocab drag and drop Political cartoons 1-2 moves for WWII simulation if time permits The end of the marking period is January 30. It is your responsibility to make up ANY missed quizzes or tests. They are currently in as a 0 and are significantly bringing down your grade. If you have been reminded multiple times, then the window has closed for you to make up a missed assignment.

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