Chapter 34: The Great War The World in Upheaval Due: Monday, March 16, 2015

Transcription

1 Chapter 34: The Great War The World in Upheaval Due: Monday, March 16, 2015 Overview The Great War of was a nearly global conflagration that included all the major powers of Europe, their colonies, and overseas allies. The immediate provocation was a relatively minor incident the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire but the causes was long-standing and much more complex. Pressure to seek war and resist compromise had been mounting in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, fed by aggressive nationalism, ambitious militarism, and complex national alliances. The war, when it came, was not what anyone expected.. New kind of warfare. New technologies transformed the experience of war. Offensive battle plans stalled in the trenches, where soldiers were pounded by heavy artillery, trapped by machine-gun fire, and vulnerable to poisonous gas. Casualties were counted in the hundreds of thousands, and progress was measured in yards gained. Total war. World War I engaged civilian populations to an unprecedented degree. On the home front, women took up the work abandoned by recruits. Governments took control of wartime production, and propaganda campaigns demonized the enemy and glorified the war effort. Civilians were also targets of war through aerial bombing and naval blockades. The Russian revolution. The revolution was triggered by the war but sprang from the long-standing failure of the tsarist government to meet the needs of the Russian people. For a while it seemed that a liberal democracy might emerge, but within months the Bolshevik Party under the direction of Lenin overthrew the provisional government. Peace and unresolved questions. Armistice came in 1918, shortly after the United States entered the war. At the Paris Peace Conference, the victors, especially Britain and France, dictated harsh terms to the defeated Central Powers, dismantled their colonial empires, and imposed economic penalties. The bitterness engendered by the peace settlement virtually ensured that another conflict would follow. Reading Questions (Vocabulary terms should be highlighted throughout answer) 1. Explain and discuss the key causes behind the drift toward European war in the early twentieth century. 2. Identify and discuss key alliance systems and their members. 3. Discuss the global expansion of the Great War. 4. Discuss the experience of trench warfare and its impact on soldiers and civilians. 5. Understand the features of total war and its social and economic consequences. 6. Compare and contrast the course of the war in Africa, southwest Asia, and east Asia. 7. Explain the links between the Great War and the Russian revolutions of Identify and explain the reasons behind U.S. intervention in the Great War and the collapse of the Central Powers. 9. Outline and discuss the important legacies of the end of the war and European preeminence. Reading Schedule: Intro and Section 1: The Ottoman Empire in Decline March 10, 2015 Section 2: The Russian Empire under Pressure March 11, 2015 Section 3:The Chinese Empire under Siege March 12, 2015 Section 4: The Transformation of Japan March 13, 2015

2 AP Themes SOCIAL Family/ kinship Gender roles/relations Social and economic classes Racial/ ethnic factors Entertainment Lifestyles Haves & have nots Chapter 34 SPICE Chart (Use the examples to help your place information POLITICAL Leaders/groups Forms of government Empires State building/expansion Political structures Courts/laws Nationalism/nations Revolts/revolutions INTERACTIONS (WITH PEOPLE AND THE ENVINRONMENT) War/conflict Diplomacy/treaties Alliances Exchanges between individuals, groups, & empires/nations Trade/commerce Globalization Location Physical Human/environment Migration/movement Region Demography Neighborhood Urbanization Settlement patterns Disease Cities (2 major ones) CULTURAL Religion Belief systems and teachings Philosophy Holy books Conversion Key figures Deities Art Music Writing/literature Philosophy Math Science Architecture Technology Innovations Transportation ECONOMY Agricultural/pastoral Economic systems Labor systems/ organizations Industrialization Technology/industry Capital/money Business organizations

3 AP Themes SOCIAL Family/ kinship Gender roles/relations Social and economic classes Racial/ ethnic factors Entertainment Lifestyles Haves & have nots Chapter 34 SPICE Chart (Use the examples to help your place information POLITICAL Leaders/groups Forms of government Empires State building/expansion Political structures Courts/laws Nationalism/nations Revolts/revolutions INTERACTIONS (WITH PEOPLE AND THE ENVINRONMENT) War/conflict Diplomacy/treaties Alliances Exchanges between individuals, groups, & empires/nations Trade/commerce Globalization Location Physical Human/environment Migration/movement Region Demography Neighborhood Urbanization Settlement patterns Disease Cities (2 major ones) CULTURAL Religion Belief systems and teachings Philosophy Holy books Conversion Key figures Deities Art Music Writing/literature Philosophy Math Science Architecture Technology Innovations Transportation ECONOMY Agricultural/pastoral Economic systems Labor systems/ organizations Industrialization Technology/industry Capital/money Business organizations

4 Term Archduke Francis (Franz)Ferdinand Pan-Slavism Definition/significance Vocabulary List Triple Entente Total War Tsar Nicholas II No Man s Land Home Front Lenin Peace, Land, Bread Lusitania Weimar Republic

5 Term Fourteen Points Definition/significance Vocabulary List Big Four Treaty of Versailles League of Nations USSR Self-Determination Schlieffen Plan Kaiser Wilhelm II Western Front Stalemate Easter Rebellion