Unit 1 - How to build a democracy 101. Statement of Inquiry

Transcription

1 Unit 1 - How to build a democracy 101 Key Concept: Identity Related Concepts: Ideologies and Citizenship Global Context: Fairness and development Statement of Inquiry Governments are developed from the ideologies of its citizens that reflect a countries identity. Criterions Assessed: A-Knowledge and Understanding, B-Investigating Summative Assignment: A-Exam, B-Research on Government Issue (TBD) ATL's: Research skills - Informational Literacy

2 The Enlightenment "Age of Reason" How did the Enlightenment cause changes in government? What characteristics do great philosophers seems to have? How has the past influenced the present?

3 The Enlightenment "Age of Reason" enlightenment = time of illumination scholars, artists, philosophers, scientists, and writers sought reason and an end to ignorance and superstition free thought led to many new ideas and a need to rid themselves of the old (like monarchy gov't) Hobbes vs. Locke Hobbes and Locke.mp4 Montesquieu in 3 min. 3 Minute Philosophy - Montesquieu.mp4 Thomas Hobbes ( ) English Philosopher, pessimist People had social contract with gov't people life was so terrible They had no other choice Felt kings were absolute and people have no right to rebel John Locke ( ) English philosopher Father of modern Liberalism believed in peoples "natural rights"(life, liberty, property) People engage in a social contract with gov't where pay taxes and follow rules for protecting rights Gov't doesn't hold up their end people can overthrow Montesquieu ( ) French political thinker believed in the idea of separation of powers in gov't there should be 3 branches in government; the executive, legislative, and judicial "It is what it is..." feel All three should keep one Famous work is entitled another in check to make sure "Leviathan" compares to none became too powerful Machiavelli's "The Prince" "Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely" (Montesquieu)

4 Philosophical Exercise (classwork section) Using the randomizer you will write about one of the enlightenment philosophers. Title this SGA Philosophy in your classwork section. Group 1 - Hobbes, Group 2 - Locke, Group 3 - Montesquieu Each of these three visionaries were given the opportunity to take control of our SIHS Student Government Association. They created a plan for how the SGA should operate. Your job is tell me how their philosophical ideas on people, government, and authority would translate into a functioning SGA. How would their new version of the SGA reflect their personality? You can switch around whatever you like. The normal SGA we have can resemble what you think it should be under their guidance. Create a hierarchy and tell me how their version of the SGA would deal with...

5 England Magna Carta (1215) first piece of legislation to ever limit authoritarian power Gave others voice in government, personal rights (trial), debate on taxation Eventually will lead to British Parliament bi-cameral (two houses) government House of Lords = made up of nobles, seat inherited House of Commons = elected from districts, representative democracy Glorious Revolution The -Glorious- Revolution - Timelines.tv History of Britain B10.mp4 Following English Civil War major document was made: English Bill of Rights (1689) Parliament now had power to: tax, makes laws, control nation's army Common Law was established that focuses on a system of precedents A precedent is an earlier decision made by a judge that serves as a model for future cases. Over time common law creates a system of consistent rulings. English Common Law has been used in the development of contracts, marriages, etc in the United States.

6 Big ideas for the day What factors of colonialism do you think will lead to revolution in the colonies? Can mercantilism ever be fair? Which region of the colonies has the most win or lose if they chose to rebel against the British?

7 Global Political Spectrum Dutch control vast trade empires (Dutch East India) around world especially in "spice islands" but lost colonial territories France and England fighting in succession of European Wars that spill into new world Spanish desecrated native population in America's and working off wealth from gold but mainly silver deposits in Andes Mts. Old alliances, conflicts in Europe, religion, enlightenment ideas, and of course $$$ will have drastic effect in the colonies

8 European Countries and where each set up colonies in the New World at turn of 18th century. What surprises you most with the map?

9 Colonial Period Colony A group of people in one place ruled by a government in another. European Nations began to colonize the Americas. Colonies provided mother country with a cheap source of raw materials, could then produce finished products to export to colonies, and other parts of the world. Colonialism through the years...

10 JAMESTOWN COLONY Representative Democracy House of Burgesses 22 Members - House of Burgesses were elected by colonists

11 Mercantilism Economic Policy that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys. EXPORT > IMPORT Salutary Neglect England will allow colonies to rule themselves as long as they receive raw materials from colonies.

12

13

14 Modern Day Mercantilism Think about the state of our world right now. There aren't colonies as most nations are independent. But think of where materials come from and who uses them. Try and think up 2 or 3 instances where a more modern version of mercantilism is happening today. Who pays the price for this cost?

15

16 PLYMOUTH COLONY Colonists on the Mayflower signed a document called the Mayflower Compact. The Mayflower Compact created a direct democracy. Members of the colony would come together periodically, and vote on the direction the colony would take.

17

18 COLONIAL GOVERNMENTS EXECUTIVE BRANCH Governor Appointed by King or Elected LEGISLATIVE BRANCH Many were Bicameral Elected Members Representative Democracy JUDICIAL BRANCH Judges were appointed by King Trial by Jury