Segregation and Discrimination

Transcription

1 LEQ: How were the civil and political rights of certain groups in America undermined during the years after Reconstruction? Segregation and Discrimination

2 LEARNING GOALS Assess how whites created a segregated society in the South and how African Americans responded. Analyze efforts to limit immigration. Compare the situations of Mexican Americans and of women to those of other groups.

3 Congress resolved the disputed election of 1876 with the Compromise of Rutherford B. Hayes became President on the condition that he would remove federal troops from the South.

4 Section 1: Segregation and Social Tensions African Americans Lose Freedoms a. Jim Crow Laws i. Opposition: segregation would create a burden ii. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) b. Southern restriction on blacks rights: i. Poll Taxes, Literacy tests, grandfather clauses, violence African Americans Oppose Injustices a. Booker T. Washington b. W.E.B. Dubois c. Ida B. Wells

5 The many strategies used to keep African American voters away from the polls were very effective. Voter Suppression

6 Plessy v Ferguson (1896) Separate but equal Problem: Black facilities never equal to White facilities Example: South Carolina spent $14 for every white student to $3 for every African American student

7 Who Opposed Jim Crow W.E.B. Du Bois Don t confront Jim Crow Assimilate & become selfsufficient Booker T. Washington Demand rights now Get full equality Formal Education Vocational schools Pull yourself up by your bootstraps Founder of NAACP

8 Who Opposed Jim Crow 2 Ida B. Wells Ran a newspaper: Free Speech Condemned Lynching Exiled Women s clubs

9 Section 1: Segregation and Social Tensions Chinese Immigrants Face Discrimination a. Oriental Schools b. Saum Song Bo champion of civil rights for Chinese c. Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886) Mexican Americans Struggle in the West a. Land disputes (legal contracts differ) b. Sante Fe Ring c. Las Gorras Blancas: Mexican- Americans, protect those who can t protect themselves, publish issues in newspaper Women Make Gains and Suffer Setbacks a. Susan B. Anthony i. 1872: arrested for voting b. Elizabeth Cady Stanton c. Frances Willard: Women s Christian Temperance Movement

10 Table of Contents Ch. 9 Chapter Title Assignment Date 9 Issues of the Gilded Age Notes 10/31 Vocab 10/31 Bell Ringer: Plessy v. Ferguson 10/31

11 Populist v. Progressive

12 Table of Contents Ch. 9 Chapter Title Assignment Date 9 Issues of the Gilded Age Notes 10/31 Vocab 10/31 Bell Ringer: Plessy v. Ferguson Venn Diagram: Populist v. Progressive Bell Ringer: Washington & DuBois 10/31 11/01 11/02

13 LEQ: Why did the political structure change during the Gilded Age? Gilded Age Economics and Politics

14 Learning Goals Analyze how corruption affected national politics in the 1870s and 1880s. Discuss civil service reform during the 1870s and 1880s. Assess the importance of economic issues in the politics of the Gilded Age.

15 Section 2: Political and Economic Challenges Balance of Power Creates a Stalemate a. Difficulty passing new laws due to which party controlled the house b. Presidents during this era: Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, Cleveland, McKinley, Roosevelt, Taft. Corruption Plagues National Politics a. Joseph Keppler: Big Bosses of the Senate b. Thomas Nast c. Spoils system causes ruckus d. Civil Service e. Assassinations f. Pendleton Civil Service Act- 1883

16 Presidents of the Gilded Age were particularly weak. Rutherford B. Hayes James Garfield Benjamin Harrison Chester A. Arthur

17 In an era known for its corruption, Grover Cleveland maintained a reputation for integrity. Cleveland s reputation for honesty was the exception during this age of corruption. Grover Cleveland

18 Caption says: Who Stole the People s Money? -- Do Tell. TWAS HIM. Thomas Nast, also drew the very effective: "Who Stole the People's Money?" in which each character points to the man on his right forming a circle of liars.

19 In 1883, President Arthur signed into law the Pendleton Civil Service Act, which established a merit-based system for government employment.

20 Section 2: Political and Economic Challenges Economic Issues Challenge the Nation a. Gold Standard b. Gilded Age troubles: debates on tariffs c. Greenbacks were retired after the Civil War d. Coinage Act of 1873: Gold v. Silver e. Who took which side? i. Bankers and international traders favored? ii.farmers favored?

21 Economic debates focused on tariffs and monetary policy during the Gilded Age. Republicans favored tariffs on imported goods. Tariffs supported American industry, but Democrats claimed that they increased consumer prices and made it harder for farmers to sell their products abroad.

22 Economic debates focused on tariffs and monetary policy during the Gilded Age. Monetary policy disputes centered on whether or not to maintain the gold standard, where gold is the sole basis of the nation s currency.

23 Table of Contents Ch. 9 Chapter Title Assignment Date 9 Issues of the Gilded Age Notes 10/31 Vocab 10/31 Bell Ringer: Plessy v. Ferguson Venn Diagram: Populist v. Progressive Bell Ringer: Washington & DuBois 10/31 11/01 11/02 Picture Analysis 11/03

24 1. Who is represented in the wagon? 2. What is happening? 3. Who does the donkey represent? 4. What issue is being portrayed?

25 Learning Goals Analyze the problems farmers faced and the groups they formed to address them. Assess the goals of the Populists, and explain why the Populist Party did not last.

26 Section 3: Farmers and Populism Farmers Face Many Problems a. Money issues: the more farmers produced, the higher their debt got b. Blamed: RR, banks, & big businesses, dishonest merchants c. Drought Farmers Organize and Seek Change a. Oliver H. Kelley: Grange (est. 1867) i. Regulation of RR, education, etc. b. Farmers Alliance-still going strong

27 Section 3: Farmers and Populism Populist Party Demands Reforms a. Aka: People s Party (1892) b. Goals: free silver, gov t. should own RR, women s suffrage, c. Enemy = industrial elite d. Successes: i. Governors and congressmen were elected, etc. Economic Crisis and Populism s Decline a. Election of 1896: b. William Jennings Bryan i. Cross of Gold speech ii.1st to tour nation Populism s Legacy a. Reforms advocated became reality b. Campaign to the people

28 The debate over monetary policy was an important issue of the day. Those who wanted only a gold standard were on one side. Those who wanted to use silver and gold including the Populist Party were on the other.

29 McKinley won against Bryan in 1896 and in Why could the election results be considered a victory of industry over agriculture? Bryan s emphasis on money reform wasn t popular with urban workers.

30 In your groups 1. Make a list of 4 issues that were highlighted during the Gilded Age a. Use full and complete sentences to explain why they were issues, b. Give at least 1 specific example. 2. Find 1 picture that represents each issue (total of 4 pictures)

31 EOC Textbook Determine whether the issues presented in Chapters 6-7 are Social, Political, or Economic issues (some may fall into more than one category) Make sure to use details to explain why they fall into the category you assigned them to When you are done wait patiently/quietly for further instructions

32 Issues of the Gilded Age Economic Social Political Urbanization: Who is going to pay for housing? Families don t make enough money Traffic congestions How would cities pay for renovating roads? Political machines overcharged for labor Urbanization: Discrimination and poverty Poor sanitation leads to the spread of disease through contaminated water Who would address the poor sanitation? Would the government intervene? Corruption was widespread Political machines: vote for me, or else

33 Pictures and Problems With your group, take the pictures you have and categorize them into one of the following categories: a. Political b. Social c. Economic When you are done, adhere them on the back of the construction paper you just wrote on Decide on a title to describe these pictures.

34 Title