Government and the State Ch. 1 Sec. 1

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1 Government and the State Ch. 1 Sec. 1 Terms: Government society makes and enforces Public Policy Public Policies All things the government does From Ed Transportation, Defense Taxation etc. Legislative Power Make Laws Executive Power Enforces Laws Judicial Power Interprets Laws Constitution Laws setting out principle structure of Government Dictatorship form of Government in which 1 person rules and is not responsible to the will of the people. Democracy Supreme authority rest with the people in that they get to vote on who controls government

2 The State A Body of People living in a defined Territory, organized politically (with a government), and with the power to make and enforce its own laws without the consent of any higher Authority. More than 200 States exist in the World today all must possess a government, population, territory, and sovereignty (that means they can decide their own foreign and domestic policies and must have absolute control within its own territory). States are often called Nations (this can refer to its race or large group of people) or Countries (this refers to the geography/land). One of the world s smallest states is San Marino surrounded by Italy. It has 30,000 people The People s Republic of China is the most populated with 1.3 billion people Create your own state must have a symbol (flag) (2x) A name and all things necessary to be a state Bring tech if you have it tomorrow For World Group Assn

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6 Govn t Pop 1 1. The part of society that makes and enforces Public Policy? 2. What is Public Policy? 3. This document is where I would find how government is structured? 4. Makes Laws? 5. Enforces Laws? 6. Interprets Laws? 7. One of the 2 most common forms of government in the world today? In order to be a nation or a state what are 3 of the 4 things you must have?

7 Government Ch. 1 Pop What are three types of Governments around the World? 4. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in Africa? 5. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in S. America? 6. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in Europe? 7. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in N. America? 8. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in Asia? 9. What is the Name of 1 State/Country in the Middle East? 10. What is the World s current most populated State/Country? What are the 4 characteristics that make up a State? Although a Democracy and a Dictatorship are the most common types of governments in the World what are three other types of governments found around the world. 18. This is the southernmost country in Africa? 19. This is the Largest State/Country in the World when it comes to territory. 20. What state according to the definition of a state in our chapter do you live in? Map Link Shift Happens

8 Some Basic Government and Political History Side-notes Government is among the oldest of all human inventions and its origins have been lost. Clearly though, government 1 st appeared when humans began to realize that they could not survive w/out some way to regulate their actions and the actions of their neighbors Earliest recorded govnt is Egypt around the 6 th century BC Politics and Government although often thought of together are actually two different things Politics is a process while Government is an institution Little more specific Politics is the process by which society decides how power and resources will be distributed within that society Politics decides who reaps the benefits vs who pays the cost of the public policies Politics can be seen as a negative word, but it is really neither good or bad it is just the means in which govnt is conducted.

9 A government is an Agency through which a state works to accomplish its goals 2 Influential Enlightenment Thinkers Thomas Hobbes (English Philosopher) Government is necessary to avoid the war of every man against every man. Without Government there would be continual fear and danger of violent death and life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. John Locke Read Locke pg 11 old book together

10 Origins of the State The Force Theory the state was born by people forcing others to submit The Evolutionary Theory The state developed out of the early family Divine Right Theory God Created the State and gave those of Divine Birth the right to rule The Social Contract Theory In order to protect each other from others, free people gave up some rights to create a state, but the state only exists because the people allow it to.

11 Ch. 1 pop 3 1. A is an agency through which a state works to accomplish its goals. 2. Who Said Government is necessary to avoid the war of every man against every man. Without Government there would be continual fear and danger of violent death and life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short? 3-6. What are the 4 theories on the origins of the state? 7. Which one of the 4 theories is the most likely one that started the US? What are three things that are government is suppose to be doing, at least according to the Preamble to the US Constitution? Shift Happens

12 Establish Justice Provide for common defense Insure domestic Tranquility Promote general welfare Secure blessings of liberty The Purpose of the American Government; To Form a More Perfect Union along with Preamble 101 Ordain and establish constitution Look at Political Cartoon Pg 9 Discuss - Optional activity pg 9

13 Ch. 1 Pop 2 1. What is the theory of government the united states is built on? 2-3. What are 2 other theories on how governments started? 4-8 what are the 5 most important parts the US Preamble? 9-10 Who were 2 influential philosophers/writers who gave birth to revolutionary ideas around the 1700s?

14 Collages dealing w/ Government Divide into Groups Use news papers, drawings and Mags to highlight what our government does Form a More perfect Union Include Gen Welfare Establish Justice Ensure Domestic Tranquility Provide for the Common Defense Secure the Blessings of Liberty

15 Ch. 1 Sec. 2; Forms of Government Governments are the products of Human Needs and Experiences So no 2 are ever exactly alike. Governments are classified by Who can participate The Geographic distribution of power within the state Relationship between the Legislative and Executive branches

16 Who Can Participate Democracy supreme control rests with the people, they hold the power and government is only conducted by and with their consent. Direct Democracy also called a pure democracy only works in very small communities and the people make all public policies themselves it does not exist at the National Level anywhere in the world Representative Democracy America s Form of Government we elect people to represent us. And they make public policy for us. Dictatorship the government is not accountable for its policies they are the oldest and probably the most common form of Government Autocracy 1 single person holds power (Hitler) Oligarchy Government in which a few hold power. All dictatorships are authoritarian those in power hold absolute and unchallengeable authority over the people Propaganda pg 17 work 3groups, 3 medias Newspaper, TV, Radio, 3 types of propaganda Option 2 create a 1 page add to run as leader of your country using one type of Propaganda.

17 President Ads 2012 Skip 7 Propaganda Ideas President Clip to Make You Think, What if any was accomplished?

18 Ch. 1 pop 4 1. In this form of democracy everyone gets to vote or a say in government? 2. In this form of democracy only elected officials get a say in the vote or government? 3. What type of democracy does the US have? 4. Which type of government is probably the oldest? 5. In an Autocracy how many people hold power? 6. In this type of government only the elite few hold power? 7. What is one way governments are classified? 8. According to the Preamble of the US Constitution what are the 5 thing that are government is suppose to be doing? What are 2 types of propaganda commonly used in political campaigns?

19 Geographically Distributed Power In every system of government power is located in 1 or more places geographically 3 basic forms of government exist Unitary Government Centralized government local governments have only the powers the Central government gives them. Ex Great Britain Federal Government Powers are divided between the Central Government and Local governments (Division of Powers exists). Ex US Confederate Governments this is an alliance of independent states in a confederate government the central government only handles matters the states assign to it. Ex. The Confederate states of America during the Civil War. Today the Closest thing to a Confederation is the EU (European Union) Table Pg 15

20 Relationship Between Legislative and Executive Branches Presidential Government The Executive and Legislative branches are separate from each other and Co-equal. Ex US Parliamentary Government Executive Branch is made up of a Prime Minister and that official s Cabinet who are members of the legislative branch themselves they remain in power only as long as the majority agrees with them.

21 Democracy No Government demands so much from its citizens as a democracy and none gives back so much James Bryce. No one pretends that democracy is perfect or all wise. Indeed it has been said that democracy is the worst form of government except all those others forms that have been tried from time to time. Sir Winston Churchill

22 America s Democracy rest on these basic ideas 1. The recognition of the fundamental worth of every person. 2. Respect and equality for all 3. A faith in majority rule and the insistence on minority rights 4. Compromise is good 5. An insistence on the widest possible degree of individual freedom

23 Concepts of Democracy Worth of the Individual in a democracy all people have dignity and worth, however at various times the welfare of one or a few individuals become subordinate to those of the many People can be forced to do things whether they want to or not like paying taxes, registering for a draft or stopping at a stop sign Equality of all persons not all people are born with the same mental or physical abilities of course but the democratic process when it comes to equality means everyone is entitled to 1. equality of opportunity and 2. equality before the law. In other words no one should be held back by any arbitrary reason such as race, color, religion or gender. Majority Rule with Minority Rights Democracy holds that the Majority will be right more often than it will be wrong It does not say however that the majority will always be right. And thus it can be the majority can be restrained through the minority Compromise Give and Take in order to get the position most acceptable to the largest # of people (by the way this is hard work, takes time, and is sometimes painful) Individual Freedom democracy can only work in an atmosphere of individual freedom, but not absolute freedom May have to be sidenotes The right to swing my fist ends where the other man s nose begins Oliver Wendell Holmes

24 Duties and Responsibilities: Duties Fill out Chart - pg 23 Responsibilities Serve on a Jury Serve as a Witness Attend School Pay Taxes Register for the Draft (interestingly only Men) Obeying Local, state and National Laws Respecting the rights of others Voting Volunteering Participation in Civic Life Understating the Workings of our government Volunteering 101 pg 19 New Book Discuss what you can do Craig Keilberger Clip if time otherwise Friday Sp.

25 Democracy and Free Enterprise America s System Free Enterprise is the economic system characterized by private ownership of capitol goods, and investments made by private business s not the government Also called Capitalism it relies on the idea of supply and demand. (Discuss Basic) Democracy and Free Enterprise are not the same thing but they both based on allowing the greatest amounts of individual freedoms Mixed Economy this is an economy where private enterprise exists with a considerable amount of government participation with the idea the government will protect the public and preserve private enterprise. In this country the participation of the Government in the economy can be seen at National, State, and Local levels. Read about Democracy and the internet pg. 22 Old Book discuss questions. How things have changed over just the book time

26 Political Ad HS What are some of the Propaganda types used in these political ads? Ben and others 2. Who are some of the Candidates in these ads 3. What are some of the feelings you had while watching these ads particularly about which people did you have these feelings 4. What if anything did you learn about these candidates from watching these ads 5. What?s if any do you have about these ads?

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