Socially-Informed Timeline Generation for Complex Events
|
|
- Elfrieda Tucker
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation for Complex Events Lu Wang, Claire Cardie, and Galen Marchetti Department of Computer Science Cornell University
2 Timelines [Joseph Priestley's A New Chart of History, 1765]
3 Timelines [Timeline of Steve Jobs, by The Geeks Club]
4 Timelines Antibiotics Positive hydrogen breath test 4 months of good guts - After antibiotics for spider bite New Diet Strong Probiotics Stomach went bad - Morning issues, fine rest of day - Worse when eat carbs Double vision recurrence - Daily severe gut probs - Few recent missed nights of sleep Voice Weakness [Katie McCurdy s Medical Timeline, by Katie McCurdy]
5 Timelines [Timeline of political unrest in Ukraine, by Global Times ]
6 Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia or return to its status under the 1992 constitution. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. President Obama warned Vladimir Putin that further provocations could isolate Russia. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014
7 Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia or return to its status under the 1992 constitution. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. President Obama warned Vladimir Putin that further provocations could isolate Russia. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014
8 Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia or return to its status under the 1992 constitution. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. President Obama warned Vladimir Putin that further provocations could isolate Russia. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment: Does the West and US have a policy at all? The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply.
9 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia or return to its status under the 1992 constitution. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. President Obama warned Vladimir Putin that further provocations could isolate Russia. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment Summary Comment Summary Does the West and US have a policy at all? The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply. Comment Summary
10 Ø Related Work Ø Methodology Outline Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Ø Experimental Setup Data Collection Ø Evaluation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Ø Conclusion
11 Ø Related Work Ø Methodology Outline Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Ø Experimental Setup Data Collection Ø Evaluation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Ø Conclusion
12 Related Work: Summarization with Social Context Timeline generation from news articles and comment summarization have been studied as separate tasks. [Chieu and Lee, 2004][Yan et al., 2012][Ma et al., 2012]
13 Related Work: Timeline Generation Modeling the quality of timelines Burstiness or interestingness [Chieu and Lee, 2004] Relevance, coverage, diversity, and coherence [Yan et al, 2011] Constructing the timeline Greedy algorithm [Chieu and Lee, 2004] Dynamic programming [Yan et al, 2011; Yan et al, 2012; Zhao et al, 2013]
14 Related Work: Topic detection and tracking Document-level link detection and topic tracking [Allan et al., 1998] Event threading [Nallapati et al., 2004] Coherent graph for news articles [Shahaf et al., 2012]
15 Related Work: Summarization with Social Context Article summaries informed by social context Learning users interests [Hu et al., 2008] Improving the word importance estimation [Zhao et al., 2013] Joint summarization: article + tweet Supervised learning based on factor graphs [Yang et al., 2011] Unsupervised learning with topic modeling [Gao et al., 2012]
16 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation A socially-informed timeline generation system jointly generates a news article summary and a user comment summary for each day of an ongoing complex event.
17 Challenges Importance estimation of article sentences and comments Large volumes of comments
18 Challenges Enforcing continuity in the timeline for complex event Different from document-level continuity [Shahaf et al., 2012] Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia or return to its status under the 1992 constitution. The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. President Obama warned Vladimir Putin that further provocations could isolate Russia. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014
19 Challenges Connection between article summary and comment summary Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment Summary The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply.
20 Challenges Importance estimation of article sentences and comments Joint learning for importance estimation Enforcing continuity in the timeline for complex event Entity-centered event threading Connection between article summary and comment summary Bipartite matching
21 Challenges Joint Learning Importance estimation of article sentences and comments Joint learning for importance estimation Enforcing continuity in the timeline for complex event Entity-centered event threading Connection between article summary and comment summary Bipartite matching
22 Challenges Timeline Generation Importance estimation of article sentences and comments Joint learning for importance estimation Enforcing continuity in the timeline for complex event Entity-centered event threading Connection between article summary and comment summary Bipartite matching
23 Ø Related Work Ø Methodology Outline Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Ø Experimental Setup Data Collection Ø Evaluation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Ø Conclusion
24 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation How to find the salient sentences and user comments? Joint Learning for Importance Estimation How to measure the quality of a timeline with social context? Summary Quality Measurement How to construct the timeline? An Alternating Optimization framework
25 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation How to find the salient sentences and user comments? Joint Learning for Importance Estimation How to measure the quality of a timeline with social context? Summary Quality Measurement How to construct the timeline? An Alternating Optimization framework
26 Joint Learning for Importance Estimation
27 Joint Learning for Importance Estimation Training data: New York Times ,863 articles each article has a human-written abstract 833,032 comments editor s-picks or not
28 Joint Learning for Importance Estimation Training data: a set of articles Each article Sentences d i contains a set of D 1 D = {d i } i=0 Gold-standard importance score: ROUGE-2 [Lin and Hovy, 2003] Comments Gold-standard importance score: editor s picks are assigned 1.0; otherwise, 0.0
29 The Joint Learning Method Article Sentence Scoring (0.8) S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. (0.9) S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. Part I Linear regression scorer Comment Scoring Part III graph-based regularization (1.0) C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted (1.0) C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that Europe will comply (1.0) C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU Part II Linear regression scorer
30 The Joint Learning Method Objective Function: J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c ) Sentence Comment
31 The Joint Learning Method Objective Function: J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c ) Part I: Sentence importance only Loss function + Regularization Part II: Comment importance only Loss function + Regularization Part III: Interplay between sentences and comments Regularization
32 The Joint Learning Method Objective Function:!!X = # # " J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c )!X s 0 0! Xc $ & & %!X! =!!β = β si k 0 # "# 0 β c I l " $ $ # $ & %&!X! s 0 0!X! c % ' ' &!!Y = # # "!Y s!y c "!λ = λ I s X! s 0 $ $ 0 λ c I Xc! # $ " & Y &!! = $ $ % # % ' ' & Ys!! Yc!! % ' ' &! w = # " # "!L = $ $ # $ w s w c λ sc I Xs λ sc! Q T $ & % & λ sc! Q λ sc I Xc % ' ' &' Closed Form Solution: ŵ = ( X! T L! X! + X! T!X +!X! T! λ!x! + β)! 1 ( X! T Y! +!X! T! λ!y! )
33 The Joint Learning Method Objective Function: J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c ) Part I: Sentence importance only Loss function + Regularization Part II: Comment importance only Loss function + Regularization Part III: Interplay between sentences and comments Regularization
34 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Article Sentence Scoring (0.8) S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. (0.9) S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. Part I Linear regression scorer Comment Scoring Part III graph-based regularization (1.0) C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted (1.0) C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that Europe will comply (1.0) C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU Part II Linear regression scorer
35 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Article Sentence Scoring x s Sentence : feature vector Training set:!x s and Ys! Ridge regression: x s R k f s (x s ) = x s w s Objective function: min Xs! w s! 2 2 Y s + βs w s w s 2 2 Label loss L 2 regularization
36 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Article Sentence Scoring x s Sentence : feature vector Training set:! Xs Ridge regression: f s (x s ) = x s w s and Objective function:!y s min Xs! w s! 2 2 Y s + βs w s w s 2 2 Label loss L 2 regularization x s R k Basic Features Length Position Number of named entities Overlaps with the headline Average/Sum TF-IDF Social Features Average/Sum frequency of content words appearing in comments Average/Sum frequency of dependency relations appearing in comments
37 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Article Sentence Scoring (0.8) S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. (0.9) S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. Part I Linear regression scorer Comment Scoring Part III graph-based regularization (1.0) C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted (1.0) C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that Europe will comply (1.0) C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU Part II Linear regression scorer
38 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Comment Scoring x c Comment : feature vector Training set: Ridge regression:!x c and Yc! x c R l f c (x c ) = x c w c Objective function: min Xc! w c! 2 2 Y c + βc w c w c 2 2 Label loss L 2 regularization
39 Joint Learning: Start with Ridge Regression Basic Features Length Number of named entities Contains URL Readability Features Flesch-Kincaid Readability Gunning-Fog Readability Sentiment Features Number of positive/negative words Number of sentiment words (MPQA (Wilson et al., 2005), General Inquirer (stone et al., 1966)) Comment Scoring x c Comment : feature vector Training set: Ridge regression: f c (x c ) = x c w c!x c and Yc! Objective function: min Xc! w c! 2 2 Y c + βc w c w c 2 2 Label loss L 2 regularization x c R l
40 Joint Learning: Graph-Based Regularization Article Sentence Scoring (0.8) S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. (0.9) S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. Part I Linear regression scorer Comment Scoring Part III graph-based regularization (1.0) C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted (1.0) C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that Europe will comply (1.0) C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU Part II Linear regression scorer
41 Joint Learning: Graph-Based Regularization Graph-Based Regularization Adjacency (similarity) matrix N, M!A R N M are the numbers of sentences and comments d i J s,c (w s, w c ) = λ sc! Axs,x c (x s w s x c w c ) 2 x s x s di,x c x c di Similarity Sentence Comment
42 Joint Learning: Graph-Based Regularization Graph-Based Regularization Adjacency (similarity) matrix N, M are the numbers of sentences and comments d i J s,c (w s, w c ) = λ sc! Axs,x c (x s w s x c w c ) 2 x s x s di,x c x c di!a R N M (0.9) S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. (1.0) C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that Europe will comply (1.0) C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU
43 Joint Learning: Graph-Based Regularization Objective Function: J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c ) Part I: Sentence importance only Loss function + Regularization Part II: Comment importance only Loss function + Regularization Part III: Interplay between sentences and comments Regularization Specialty of first sentence
44 Joint Learning: Graph-Based Regularization Objective Function: J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c ) Part I: Sentence importance only Loss function + Regularization Part II: Comment importance only Loss function + Regularization Part III: Interplay between sentences and comments Regularization Specialty of first sentence Bias towards editor s picks comments
45 The Joint Learning Method Objective Function:!!X = # # " J(w s, w c ) = J s (w s )+ J c (w c )+ J s,c (w s, w c )!X s 0 0! Xc $ & & %!X! =!!β = β si k 0 # "# 0 β c I l " $ $ # $ & %&!X! s 0 0!X! c % ' ' &!!Y = # # "!Y s!y c "!λ = λ I s X! s 0 $ $ 0 λ c I Xc! # $ " & Y &!! = $ $ % # % ' ' & Ys!! Yc!! % ' ' &! w = # " # "!L = $ $ # $ w s w c λ sc I Xs λ sc! Q T $ & % & λ sc! Q λ sc I Xc % ' ' &' Closed Form Solution: ŵ = ( X! T L! X! + X! T!X +!X! T! λ!x! + β)! 1 ( X! T Y! +!X! T! λ!y! )
46 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation A socially-informed timeline generation system jointly generates a news article summary and a user comment summary for each day of an ongoing complex event. For each day Input: a set of articles with sentence set and comment set V c Output: article summary comment summary C V c S V s and V s
47 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation How to find the salient sentences and user comments? Joint Learning for Importance Estimation How to measure the quality of a timeline with social context? Summary Quality Measurement How to construct the timeline? An Alternating Optimization framework
48 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation 1. Importance 2. Coverage 3. Continuity The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. Crimeans vote to Obama declared sanctions on rejoin Russia Russian officials President Obama warned Vladimir Putin March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment Summary Comment Summary The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply. Comment Summary
49 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials President Obama warned Vladimir Putin March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment Summary Comment Summary The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply. Importance/Insightfulness Comment Summary
50 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Crimeans vote to rejoin Russia Connectivity The Crimean parliament officially declared independence. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials President Obama warned Vladimir Putin March 16 th, 2014 March 17 th, 2014 March 18 th, 2014 Comment Summary Comment Summary The Obama administration has warned of increasingly harsh sanctions, but it is unlikely that Europe will comply. Comment Summary
51 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation An optimization framework Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) S C T : Article Summary : Comment Summary : Event Threads
52 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation An optimization framework Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) S C T : Article Summary : Comment Summary : Event Threads Constraints: length(s) θ s size(c) θ c
53 Summary Quality Measurement Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
54 Summary Quality Measurement: Importance Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
55 Summary Quality Measurement: Importance Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity simply add up the importance scores
56 Summary Quality Measurement: Coverage Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
57 Summary Quality Measurement: Coverage All Candidate Sentences S 0 : The Crimean declared independence. S 1 : Obama declared sanctions. S 2 : EU condemned Russia. Current Summary The Crimean declared independence. Obama declared sanctions. S 3 : Russia recognized the independence.
58 Summary Quality Measurement: All Candidate Sentences Coverage S 0 : The Crimean declared independence. S 1 : Obama declared sanctions. S 2 : EU condemned Russia. S 3 : Russia recognized the independence. s! V s s S tfidf (s, s!) Current Summary The Crimean declared independence. Obama declared sanctions. Each sentence s Coverage of s by current summary S
59 Summary Quality Measurement: All Candidate Sentences Coverage S 0 : The Crimean declared independence. S 1 : Obama declared sanctions. S 2 : EU condemned Russia. S 3 : Russia recognized the independence. Current Summary The Crimean declared independence. Obama declared sanctions. s! V s s S ŝ V s min( tfidf (s, s!),α tfidf (ŝ, s!)) Each sentence s Coverage of s by current summary S Upper bound for encourage diversity [Lin and Bilmes, 2011]
60 Summary Quality Measurement: Continuity Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
61 Summary Quality Measurement: Continuity An optimization framework Event Threads Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity Entity-Centered Event Threading
62 Day 1: 1. Barack Obama pledges to stand with Ukraine. 2. Putin formally asked the federation council for permission to use the armed forces in Ukraine.
63 Day 1: 1. Barack Obama pledges to stand with Ukraine. 2. Putin formally asked the federation council for permission to use the armed forces in Ukraine. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to τ 2 * Putin formally asked the
64 Day 2: 1. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. 2. US president Barack Obama urges Moscow to move back its troops and lower tensions. 3. Putin addresses parliament, defending Moscow s actions on Crimea. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to τ 2 * Putin formally asked the
65 Day 2: 1. Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials. 2. US president Barack Obama urges Moscow to move back its troops and lower tensions. 3. Putin addresses parliament, defending Moscow s actions on Crimea. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament
66 Day 3: 1. Russian president Vladimir Putin dismisses claims that Russian agents are acting in eastern Ukraine. 2. Barack Obama extends the list of individuals targeted for sanctions. 3. EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament
67 Day 3: 1. Russian president Vladimir Putin dismisses claims that Russian agents are acting in eastern Ukraine. 2. Barack Obama extends the list of individuals targeted for sanctions. 3. EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow * Barack Obama extends the list τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament * Russian president Vladimir Putin
68 Day 3: 1. Russian president Vladimir Putin dismisses claims that Russian agents are acting in eastern Ukraine. 2. Barack Obama extends the list of individuals targeted for sanctions. 3. EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. τ 1 * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow * Barack Obama extends the list τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament * Russian president Vladimir Putin τ 3 * EU rejected the referendum on
69 Summary Quality Measurement: τ 1 Continuity Existing Event Threads * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow Current Summary * Barack Obama extends the list τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament * Russian president Vladimir Putin τ 3 * EU rejected the referendum on τ T Each thread max s k S cohesion(s k,τ ) Continuity for τ: maximum cohesion of any sentence in current summary to thread, cohesion(s,τ ) = min s i τ,s i tfsimi(s i, s)
70 Summary Quality Measurement: τ 1 Continuity Existing Event Threads * Barack Obama pledges to * Obama declared sanctions on * US President urges Moscow Current Summary * Barack Obama extends the list τ 2 * Putin formally asked the * Putin addresses parliament * Russian president Vladimir Putin τ 3 * EU rejected the referendum on τ T Each thread max s k S cohesion(s k,τ ) Continuity for τ: maximum cohesion of any sentence in current summary to thread, cohesion(s,τ ) = min s i τ,s i tfsimi(s i, s)
71 Summary Quality Measurement: Connectivity Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
72 Summary Quality Measurement: Connectivity Goals: Comments should be on the topics in article summary. Comments that cover diversified events are preferred.
73 Summary Quality Measurement: Connectivity Article Summary S S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence Comment Summary C C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted 0.3 S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials Step 1: construct a bipartite graph C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU
74 Summary Quality Measurement: Connectivity Article Summary S S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence Comment Summary C C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted 0.3 S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials Step 1: construct a bipartite graph Step 2: find the best matching C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU
75 Summary Quality Measurement: Connectivity Article Summary S S 0 : The Crimean parliament officially declared independence Comment Summary C C 0 : The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, has voted 0.3 S 1 : Obama declared sanctions on Russian officials Step 1: construct a bipartite graph Step 2: find the best matching Step 3: compute the connectivity C 1 : The Obama administration has warned of "increasingly harsh sanctions C 2 : Sanctions are effective and if done in unison with the EU
76 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Article Summary Importance Coverage Comment Summary Continuity Importance Connectivity
77 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation How to find the salient sentences and user comments? Joint Learning for Importance Estimation How to measure the quality of a timeline with social context? Summary Quality Measurement How to construct the timeline? An Alternating Optimization framework
78 Socially-Informed Timeline Generation An Alternating Optimization Algorithm Z(S,C;T ) = S qual (S;T )+C qual (C)+δX (S,C) Idea: alternatively search for better S and until convergence For each iteration C S S C Fix, find with hill-climbing search Fix, find with Ford-Fulkerson algorithm [Ford-fulkerson, 1956] max-weight bipartite graph matching problem à max network flow problem [Kleinberg and Tardos, 2005] C
79 Alternating Optimization Process Initialization - S 0 by greedy algorithm - C 0 by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Article Summary S1: The Crimean parliament declared independence. S2: Barack Obama pledges to stand with Ukraine. Comment Summary C1: The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, voted for Crimea to be annexed into Russia... C2: Obama need to stick with America's domestic problems
80 Alternating Optimization Process Initialization - S 0 by greedy algorithm - C 0 by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Iterations - S t by Hill-climbing search Article Summary S1: The Crimean parliament declared independence. S2: Barack Obama pledges to stand with Ukraine. S2: EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. Comment Summary C1: The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, voted for Crimea to be annexed into Russia... C2: Obama need to stick with America's domestic problems
81 Alternating Optimization Process Initialization - S 0 by greedy algorithm - C 0 by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Article Summary S1: The Crimean parliament declared independence. S2: EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. Iterations - S t by Hill-climbing search Comment Summary C1: The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, voted for Crimea to be annexed into Russia... C2: Obama need to stick with America's domestic problems
82 Alternating Optimization Process Initialization - S 0 by greedy algorithm - C 0 by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Iterations - S t by Hill-climbing search - C t by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Article Summary S1: The Crimean parliament declared independence. S2: EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. Comment Summary C1: The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, voted for Crimea to be annexed into Russia... C2: Obama need to stick with America's domestic problems... C2: The Obama administration warned of harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that EU will comply...
83 Alternating Optimization Process Initialization - S 0 by greedy algorithm - C 0 by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Article Summary S1: The Crimean parliament declared independence. S2: EU rejected the referendum on independence in Crimea. Iterations - S t by Hill-climbing search - C t by Ford-Fulkerson algorithm Comment Summary C1: The Crimean Parliament, headed by an ethnic Russian separatist, voted for Crimea to be annexed into Russia... C2: The Obama administration warned of harsh sanctions", but it is unlikely that EU will comply...
84 Ø Related Work Ø Methodology Outline Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Ø Experimental Setup Data Collection Ø Evaluation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Ø Conclusion
85 Data Articles and User Comments Sources New York Times (NYT) CNN BBC Events Missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 Political unrest in Ukraine Israel-Gaza conflict NSA surveillance leaks
86 Data Time Span # Articles # Comments Missing Flight MH370 03/08-06/ ,646 Ukraine Crisis 03/08-06/30 3, ,961 Israel-Gaza Conflict 07/20-09/ ,244 NSA surveillance leaks 03/23-06/ ,481
87 Ø Related Work Ø Methodology Outline Socially-Informed Timeline Generation Ø Experimental Setup Data Collection Ø Evaluation Intrinsic and Extrinsic Evaluation Ø Conclusion
88 Experiments Question 1: Article Summary Quality Do socially-informed timeline generation systems produce more informative summaries? Question 2: Comment Summary Quality Do comment summaries provide additional insights? Question 3: Event Thread Quality Can event threads allow users to easily locate and absorb information?
89 Experiment 1: Article Summary Quality Gold-standard timelines Wikipedia pages New York Times/BBC topic page Automatic evaluation metric ROUGE scores [Lin and Hovy, 2003] : ngrams recall Comparisons Chieu and Lee, 2004: burstiness or interestingness Yan et al, 2011: coverage, diversity, and coherence Single-article abstracts
90 Experiment 1: Article Summary Quality Missing Flight Comparisons: no social context Ukraine Crisis Israel -Gaza NSA Chieu and Lee Yan et al Single-article abstract Our Systems No Alternating OPT With Alternating OPT ROUGE scores ( 100): larger numbers à better performance
91 Experiment 2: Comment Summary Quality Amazon Mechanical Turk on ranking tasks Informativeness Insightfulness Comparisons: Random Users picks (ranked by positive ratings) Editors picks 15 randomly selected timelines Each is evaluated by four people
92 Experiment 2: Comment Summary Quality Informativeness Insightfulness % Best Average Rank % Best Average Rank Random 1.7% % 3.58 User s-picks 5.0% % 2.55 Editor s picks 26.7% % 2.22 Our system 66.7% % 1.65 Inter-annotator agreement by Krippendorff's α Informativeness: 0.63 Insightfulness: 0.50
93 Experiment 3: Event Thread Quality 10-day timeline is randomly selected per dataset. Design one question describe the activities for searching for the missing flight MH undergraduate and graduate students (native speakers of English): Read the question and the timeline for 5 minutes Write down an answer after removing the timeline For each student, 2 timelines are displayed with threads, and the other 2 are not.
94 Experiment 3: Event Thread Quality Amazon Mechanical Turk to evaluate the informativeness of students answers read all 10 answers for the same question Rate informativeness on 1-to-5 scale Answer Type Mean ± STD Rated 5 (%) Rated 4 (%) No Thread 2.6 ± 1.2 7% 23% With Thread 3.3 ± % 26%
95 Article Summary March 17 th, 2014 Obama administration froze the U.S. assets of seven Russian officials, while similar sanctions were imposed on four Ukrainian officials March 18 th, 2014 Ukraine does not recognize a treaty signed in Moscow on Tuesday making its Crimean peninsula a part of Russia March 19 th, 2014 The head of NATO warned on Wednesday that Russian President Vladimir Putin may not stop with the annexation of Crimea March 20 th, 2014 The United States on Thursday expanded its sanctions on Russians Comment Summary Theodore Roosevelt said that the worst possible thing you can do in diplomacy is soft hitting. That is what the US and the EU are doing in these timid sanctions Though there were many in Crimea who supported annexation, there were certainly some who did not. What about those people?... If you look at a real map, Crimea is an island and has always been more connected to Russia than to Ukraine The US and EU should follow up economic sanctions with concrete steps to strengthen NATO
96 Conclusion We present a socially-informed timeline generation system. We describe a joint learning-based approach to identify important sentences and comments. We propose an alternating optimization framework to construct topic-relevant timelines.
97 Thank you! Questions? Datasets:
Peace Building Commission
Haganum Model United Nations Gymnasium Haganum, The Hague Research Reports Peace Building Commission The Question of the conflict between the Ukrainian government and separatists in Ukraine 4 th, 5 th
More informationAn Integrated Tag Recommendation Algorithm Towards Weibo User Profiling
An Integrated Tag Recommendation Algorithm Towards Weibo User Profiling Deqing Yang, Yanghua Xiao, Hanghang Tong, Junjun Zhang and Wei Wang School of Computer Science Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science
More informationwww.newsflashenglish.com The 4 page 60 minute ESL British English lesson 25/04/14 recap events: In November 2013, President of Ukraine Victor Yanukovych rejected an EU pending association agreement, choosing
More informationHow Will Brexit Affect EU Sanctions Against Russia?
How Will Brexit Affect EU Sanctions Against Russia? June 30, 2016 by Frank Holmes of U.S. Global Investors Brexit has dominated world headlines for the last couple of weeks, and with good reason: The U.K.
More informationConflict in Ukraine. the basis of joining Russia or staying as a separate state. The two opposing sides have been in a
Conflict in Ukraine Background: Since February of 2014, violent protests have been breaking out in the country of Ukraine on the basis of joining Russia or staying as a separate state. The two opposing
More informationPERSONAL INTRODUCTION
Forum: Issue: Student Officer: Position: Legal Committee The Referendum Status of Crimea Leen Al Saadi Chair PERSONAL INTRODUCTION Distinguished delegates, My name is Leen Al Saadi and it is my great pleasure
More informationNATO Background Guide
NATO Background Guide As members of NATO you will be responsible for examining the Ukrainian crisis. NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an international organization composed of 28 member
More informationJOMUN XIV Forum: Issue: Situation in Ukraine Student Officer: Lorenzo Bacheca Position: Deputy Chair
JOMUN XIV Forum: Issue: Situation in Ukraine Student Officer: Lorenzo Bacheca Position: Deputy Chair Introduction: In November 2013, the Prime Minister of Ukraine refused a trades deal with the EU and
More informationRECOMMENDED CITATION: Pew Research Center, March 2014, Nearly Half of Public Says Right Amount of Malaysian Jet Coverage
NUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE MARCH 24, 2014 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Carroll Doherty, Director of Political Research Seth Motel, Research Assistant 202.419.4372
More informationHow Russia Depicts the Czech Republic
How Russia Depicts the Czech Republic Contextual content analysis based on big data from the Internet 26 August 2016 Introduction This unique study was created on the initiative of Semantic Visions, who
More informationSPECIAL COMMITTEE: TEDIC Topic C: Promoting Solutions to the Crimea Land Dispute
SPECIAL COMMITTEE: TEDIC Topic C: Promoting Solutions to the Crimea Land Dispute Chair: Giulia Molinari Vice-Chair: Marcia Lagesse SALMUN 2014 INDEX Background Information. 3 Timeline...9 Key Terms...12
More informationCosteas-Geitonas School Model United Nations Committee: Special, Political and Decolonization Committee (GA4)
Committee: Special, Political and Decolonization Committee (GA4) Issue: The Crimean Crisis Student Officer: Alkmini Laiou Position: Co-Chair INTRODUCTION The term Crimean Crisis refers to the events that
More informationCOSC-282 Big Data Analytics. Final Exam (Fall 2015) Dec 18, 2015 Duration: 120 minutes
Student Name: COSC-282 Big Data Analytics Final Exam (Fall 2015) Dec 18, 2015 Duration: 120 minutes Instructions: This is a closed book exam. Write your name on the first page. Answer all the questions
More informationIPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2014-DBS-159 No.17 Vol.2014-IFAT-115 No /8/2 1,a) 1,b) 1,c) Web Web TextRank Wikipedia Wikipedia 1. Web
1,a) 1,b) 1,c) Web Web TextRank Wikipedia Wikipedia 1. Web 1 1921 1954 1 a) stanaka@dl.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp b) adam@dl.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp c) tanaka@dl.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp Crimea Votes to Secede From Ukraine
More informationSECURITY COUNCIL Topic C: Deciding upon Measures to Stabilize the Ukrainian Territory
SECURITY COUNCIL Topic C: Deciding upon Measures to Stabilize the Ukrainian Territory Chair Elen Bianca Souza Vice-Chair Camila Rocha SALMUN 2014 1 INDEX Background Information. 3 Timeline. 8 Key Terms...10
More informationIt is my utmost pleasure to welcome you all to the first session of Model United Nations Conference of Besiktas Anatolian High School.
Forum: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Student Officer: Sena Temelli Question of: The Situation in Ukraine Position: Deputy Chair Welcome Letter from the Student Officer Distinguished
More informationRECOMMENDED CITATION: Pew Research Center, March 2014, Concerns about Russia Rise, But Just a Quarter Call Moscow an Adversary
NUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE MARCH 25, 2014 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Carroll Doherty, Director of Political Research Alec Tyson, Research Associate 202.419.4372
More informationRespondent's age years years 56 years and over
Public opinion survey in Crimea The survey was conducted by GfK Ukraine. Sample size of the survey was 600 telephone interviews (using mobile and landline phone numbers). The fieldwork was carried out
More informationFine-Grained Opinion Extraction with Markov Logic Networks
Fine-Grained Opinion Extraction with Markov Logic Networks Luis Gerardo Mojica and Vincent Ng Human Language Technology Research Institute University of Texas at Dallas 1 Fine-Grained Opinion Extraction
More informationRECOMMENDED CITATION: Pew Research Center, March 2014, Most Say U.S. Should Not Get Too Involved in Ukraine Situation
NUMBERS, FACTS AND TRENDS SHAPING THE WORLD FOR RELEASE MARCH 11, 2014 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS REPORT: Carroll Doherty, Director of Political Research Seth Motel, Research Assistant 202.419.4372
More informationCHINA IN THE WORLD PODCAST. Host: Paul Haenle Guest: Su Hao
CHINA IN THE WORLD PODCAST Host: Paul Haenle Guest: Su Hao Episode 14: China s Perspective on the Ukraine Crisis March 6, 2014 Haenle: You're listening to the Carnegie Tsinghua China in the World Podcast,
More informationLearning and Visualizing Political Issues from Voting Records Erik Goldman, Evan Cox, Mikhail Kerzhner. Abstract
Learning and Visualizing Political Issues from Voting Records Erik Goldman, Evan Cox, Mikhail Kerzhner Abstract For our project, we analyze data from US Congress voting records, a dataset that consists
More informationThe President of the House of Representatives of the States General Binnenhof 4 The Hague. Date 27 July 2014 Re Repatriation mission in Ukraine
The President of the House of Representatives of the States General Binnenhof 4 The Hague Security Policy Department Postbus 20061 2500 EB The Hague The Netherlands www.government.nl Date 27 July 2014
More informationNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Chair: Manuela Kurkaa
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Chair: Manuela Kurkaa The Greater Washington Conference on International Affairs The George Washington University International Affairs Society November 1 st,
More informationUpdate. Ukrainian Conflict
Ukrainian Conflict Update The crisis in Ukraine continues to unfold, with increasing numbers of casualties and displaced persons. It is estimated that over 4,000 people have died as a result of the con
More informationA comparative analysis of subreddit recommenders for Reddit
A comparative analysis of subreddit recommenders for Reddit Jay Baxter Massachusetts Institute of Technology jbaxter@mit.edu Abstract Reddit has become a very popular social news website, but even though
More informationANNUAL SURVEY REPORT: REGIONAL OVERVIEW
ANNUAL SURVEY REPORT: REGIONAL OVERVIEW 2nd Wave (Spring 2017) OPEN Neighbourhood Communicating for a stronger partnership: connecting with citizens across the Eastern Neighbourhood June 2017 TABLE OF
More informationPolitical Implications of Unassisted Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine. In 1991, Ukraine declared its independence from the USSR and became an
Political Implications of Unassisted Internally Displaced Persons in Ukraine I. Introduction: the Crimea Conflict In 1991, Ukraine declared its independence from the USSR and became an independent nation.
More informationTHREE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP NEIGHBOURS: UKRAINE, MOLDOVA AND BELARUS
THREE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP NEIGHBOURS: UKRAINE, MOLDOVA AND BELARUS The EU s Eastern Partnership policy, inaugurated in 2009, covers six post-soviet states: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova
More informationAppendix to Non-Parametric Unfolding of Binary Choice Data Keith T. Poole Graduate School of Industrial Administration Carnegie-Mellon University
Appendix to Non-Parametric Unfolding of Binary Choice Data Keith T. Poole Graduate School of Industrial Administration Carnegie-Mellon University 7 July 1999 This appendix is a supplement to Non-Parametric
More informationName Phylogeny. A Generative Model of String Variation. Nicholas Andrews, Jason Eisner and Mark Dredze
Name Phylogeny A Generative Model of String Variation Nicholas Andrews, Jason Eisner and Mark Dredze Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University EMNLP 2012 Thursday, July 12 Outline Introduction
More informationCRIMEA AND UKRAINE: ESSENTIAL OILS IN TURBULENT TIMES
CRIMEA AND UKRAINE: ESSENTIAL OILS IN TURBULENT TIMES Jonpaul Howarth Ultra International B.V. (Paper presented at IFEAT Rome Conference, September 23 rd 2014) Introduction Let s be honest, when we were
More informationPsychological Factors
Psychological Factors Consumer Decision Making e.g., Impulsiveness, openness e.g., Buying choices Personalization 1. 2. 3. Increase click-through rate predictions Enhance recommendation quality Improve
More informationAn Homophily-based Approach for Fast Post Recommendation in Microblogging Systems
An Homophily-based Approach for Fast Post Recommendation in Microblogging Systems Quentin Grossetti 1,2 Supervised by Cédric du Mouza 2, Camelia Constantin 1 and Nicolas Travers 2 1 LIP6 - Université Pierre
More informationEfficiency and Usability of Participatory Budgeting Methods
Efficiency and Usability of Participatory Budgeting Methods Gerdus Benadè Tepper School of Business Carnegie Mellon University Nevo Itzhak Dept. of Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University
More informationU.S. foreign policy towards Russia after the Republican midterm victory in Congress
PSC 783 Comparative Foreign Policy Policy Options Paper Policy Option Paper 5 November 2014 U.S. foreign policy towards Russia after the Republican midterm victory in Congress Implications and Options
More informationInstructors: Tengyu Ma and Chris Re
Instructors: Tengyu Ma and Chris Re cs229.stanford.edu Ø Probability (CS109 or STAT 116) Ø distribution, random variable, expectation, conditional probability, variance, density Ø Linear algebra (Math
More informationPREDICTING COMMUNITY PREFERENCE OF COMMENTS ON THE SOCIAL WEB
PREDICTING COMMUNITY PREFERENCE OF COMMENTS ON THE SOCIAL WEB A Thesis by CHIAO-FANG HSU Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
More informationCrimea referendum our experts react
Page 1 of 5 Crimea referendum our experts react Yesterday Crimean voters backed a proposal to secede from Ukraine and join the Russian Federation. We asked a number of experts for their reactions to the
More informationComparison Sorts. EECS 2011 Prof. J. Elder - 1 -
Comparison Sorts - 1 - Sorting Ø We have seen the advantage of sorted data representations for a number of applications q Sparse vectors q Maps q Dictionaries Ø Here we consider the problem of how to efficiently
More informationDesigning police patrol districts on street network
Designing police patrol districts on street network Huanfa Chen* 1 and Tao Cheng 1 1 SpaceTimeLab for Big Data Analytics, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geomatic Engineering, University College
More informationIs This the Right Time for NATO to Resume Dialogue with Russia?
Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review vol. 34 (2015) DOI: 10.1515/lfpr-2016-0006 Is This the Right Time for NATO to Resume Dialogue with Russia? Renatas Norkus* Currently we face Russia s regime fighting a
More informationGW POLITICS POLL 2018 MIDTERM ELECTION WAVE 1
GW POLITICS POLL 2018 MIDTERM ELECTION WAVE 1 The survey was fielded May 14 30, 2018 with a sample of registered voters. The survey was fielded by YouGov with a sample of registered voters. YouGov recruits
More informationRussia, Ukraine, and the West: Social Media Sentiment in the Euromaidan Protests
Russia, Ukraine, and the West: Social Media Sentiment in the Euromaidan Protests The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters.
More informationLatvia struggles with restive Russian minority amid regional tensions
Visit Al Jazeera English (/) INTERNATIONAL (/TOPICS/TOPIC/CATEGORIES/INTERNATIONAL.HTML) Latvia struggles with restive Russian minority amid regional tensions ILMARS ZNOTINS / AFP One country, two di erent
More informationQ&A: breaches of international law and human rights issues
Ukraine, Russia crisis: Q&A: breaches of international law and human rights issues No. 1-2014 20 March As Russia s takeover of Crimea unfolds including the Russian occupation, the illegal referendum in
More informationCrisis in the Ukraine!
Crisis in the Ukraine! Current Events and Geopoli;cs h=p://storymaps.esri.com/stories/ 2014/crimea/ 1 Background 1991: Ukrainian parliament declares independence from USSR following a=empted coup in Moscow.
More informationEuropean Union President s Letter and Topic Guide. Hello delegates. My name is Vinnie Bellardini and I ll be chairing the upcoming European
European Union President s Letter and Topic Guide Hello delegates. My name is Vinnie Bellardini and I ll be chairing the upcoming European Union congregation at St. Bonaventure University. I m currently
More informationAround the world in. eight sanctions regimes. How companies should respond to the ever-changing world of sanctions risk
Around the world in eight sanctions regimes How companies should respond to the ever-changing world of sanctions risk AROUND THE WORLD IN EIGHT SANCTIONS REGIMES 2 Introduction PanAmerican Seed Company
More informationSubreddit Recommendations within Reddit Communities
Subreddit Recommendations within Reddit Communities Vishnu Sundaresan, Irving Hsu, Daryl Chang Stanford University, Department of Computer Science ABSTRACT: We describe the creation of a recommendation
More informationGeneral Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International Security
General Assembly, First Committee: Disarmament and International Security Background Guide Written by: Austin Thomas, Baldwin Wallace University As one of the six main committees of the United Nations
More informationarxiv: v2 [cs.si] 10 Apr 2017
Detection and Analysis of 2016 US Presidential Election Related Rumors on Twitter Zhiwei Jin 1,2, Juan Cao 1,2, Han Guo 1,2, Yongdong Zhang 1,2, Yu Wang 3 and Jiebo Luo 3 arxiv:1701.06250v2 [cs.si] 10
More informationLV W1=CD12 W2=SD6 45 Certain for Barack Obama, the Democrat Certain for Mitt Romney, the Democrat Not Certain 4 2
1,316 Likely Voters (2.7% Margin of Error) = Q1 Generic State Ballot 45 Democratic Candidate 51 Republican Candidate 5 Not Certain 45 Democratic Total/Includes Leaners 52 Republican Total/Includes Leaners
More informationWestern Responses to the Ukraine Crisis: Policy Options
Chatham House Expert Group Summary Western Responses to the Ukraine Crisis: Policy Options 6 March 2014 The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily
More informationMining Expert Comments on the Application of ILO Conventions on Freedom of Association and Collective Bargaining
Mining Expert Comments on the Application of ILO Conventions on Freedom of Association and Collective Bargaining G. Ritschard (U. Geneva), D.A. Zighed (U. Lyon 2), L. Baccaro (IILS & MIT), I. Georgiu (IILS
More informationAnalysis of the Reputation System and User Contributions on a Question Answering Website: StackOverflow
Analysis of the Reputation System and User Contributions on a Question Answering Website: StackOverflow Dana Movshovitz-Attias Yair Movshovitz-Attias Peter Steenkiste Christos Faloutsos August 27, 2013
More informationEntity Linking Enityt Linking. Laura Dietz University of Massachusetts. Use cursor keys to flip through slides.
Entity Linking Enityt Linking Laura Dietz dietz@cs.umass.edu University of Massachusetts Use cursor keys to flip through slides. Problem: Entity Linking Query Entity NIL Given query mention in a source
More informationNatural Language Technologies for E-Rulemaking. Claire Cardie Department of Computer Science Cornell University
Natural Language Technologies for E-Rulemaking Claire Cardie Department of Computer Science Cornell University An E-Rulemaking Scenario Summarize the public commentary regarding the prohibition of potassium
More informationSplit Decisions: Household Finance when a Policy Discontinuity allocates Overseas Work
Split Decisions: Household Finance when a Policy Discontinuity allocates Overseas Work Michael Clemens and Erwin Tiongson Review of Economics and Statistics (Forthcoming) Marian Atallah Presented by: Mohamed
More informationDraft Conclusions. Inter-Parliamentary Conference for the Common Foreign and Security Policy and the Common Security and Defence Policy
Draft dated 12 April 2017 Draft Conclusions Inter-Parliamentary Conference for the Common Foreign and Security Policy and the Common Security and Defence Policy 26-28 April 2017 MALTA The Inter-Parliamentary
More informationDimension Reduction. Why and How
Dimension Reduction Why and How The Curse of Dimensionality As the dimensionality (i.e. number of variables) of a space grows, data points become so spread out that the ideas of distance and density become
More informationTengyu Ma Facebook AI Research. Based on joint work with Yuanzhi Li (Princeton) and Hongyang Zhang (Stanford)
Tengyu Ma Facebook AI Research Based on joint work with Yuanzhi Li (Princeton) and Hongyang Zhang (Stanford) Ø Over-parameterization: # parameters # examples Ø a set of parameters that can Ø fit to training
More informationCS 229: r/classifier - Subreddit Text Classification
CS 229: r/classifier - Subreddit Text Classification Andrew Giel agiel@stanford.edu Jonathan NeCamp jnecamp@stanford.edu Hussain Kader hkader@stanford.edu Abstract This paper presents techniques for text
More informationCluster Analysis. (see also: Segmentation)
Cluster Analysis (see also: Segmentation) Cluster Analysis Ø Unsupervised: no target variable for training Ø Partition the data into groups (clusters) so that: Ø Observations within a cluster are similar
More informationTransatlantic Trends Key Findings.
Transatlantic Trends 14 Key Findings www.transatlantictrends.org 2 Transatlantic Trends 14 Methodology This is the thirteenth annual Transatlantic Trends survey of public opinion in the United States and
More informationAnnexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation by the Russian Fe
Annexation of Crimea Annexation of by the Russian Federation Crimea by the Russian Fe ANNEXATION OF CRIMEA BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation Policy Paper Jan Matzek,
More informationUshio: Analyzing News Media and Public Trends in Twitter
Ushio: Analyzing News Media and Public Trends in Twitter Fangzhou Yao, Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang and Roy H. Campbell 3rd International Workshop on Big Data and Social Networking Management and Security (BDSN
More informationPractice Questions for Exam #2
Fall 2007 Page 1 Practice Questions for Exam #2 1. Suppose that we have collected a stratified random sample of 1,000 Hispanic adults and 1,000 non-hispanic adults. These respondents are asked whether
More informationConspiracist propaganda
Conspiracist propaganda How Russia promotes anti-establishment sentiment online? Kohei Watanabe LSE/Waseda University Russia s international propaganda Russia has developed its capability since the early
More informationNataliya Nechayeva-Yuriychuk. Department of Political Science & Public Administration. Yuriy Fed kovych Chernivtsi National University
Nataliya Nechayeva-Yuriychuk Department of Political Science & Public Administration Yuriy Fed kovych Chernivtsi National University August, 24, 1991 proclaiming of independence of Ukraine December 1,
More informationWith Russia and Ukraine deadlocked in the Donbass region, could it be that each is actually fighting the wrong war?
2 Are Both Kiev Who and 3D Moscow Prints What Fighting in 2033? the Wrong Wars? With Russia and Ukraine deadlocked in the Donbass region, could it be that each is actually fighting the wrong war? The conflict
More informationTestimony before the Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development
Testimony before the Canadian House of Commons Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development Situation in Ukraine by David J. Kramer President, Freedom House Washington, DC USA I
More informationThe Ukraine Crisis Much More than Natural Gas at Stake
The Ukraine Crisis Much More than Natural Gas at Stake Øystein Noreng Professor Emeritus BI Norwegian Business School World Affairs Council of Orange County November 10, 2014 The Pattern: A Classical Greek
More informationEUROPEAN PARLIAMENT TEXTS ADOPTED. European Parliament resolution of 15 January 2015 on the situation in Ukraine (2014/2965(RSP))
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 2014-2019 TEXTS ADOPTED P8_TA(2015)0011 Situation in Ukraine European Parliament resolution of 15 January 2015 on the situation in Ukraine (2014/2965(RSP)) The European Parliament,
More informationHow Social Media Aided The Fight Against Injustices In 2014
Name: Core: Annotation Guideline: Ø Write 3 meaningful questions you have about the topic Ø Add 3 thoughtful comments or reactions (how things make you feel) Ø Label your text that supports your argument
More informationDifferences in remittances from US and Spanish migrants in Colombia. Abstract
Differences in remittances from US and Spanish migrants in Colombia François-Charles Wolff LEN, University of Nantes Liliana Ortiz Bello LEN, University of Nantes Abstract Using data collected among exchange
More informationTitle: Adverserial Search AIMA: Chapter 5 (Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3)
B.Y. Choueiry 1 Instructor s notes #9 Title: dverserial Search IM: Chapter 5 (Sections 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3) Introduction to rtificial Intelligence CSCE 476-876, Fall 2017 URL: www.cse.unl.edu/ choueiry/f17-476-876
More informationCSE 190 Professor Julian McAuley Assignment 2: Reddit Data. Forrest Merrill, A Marvin Chau, A William Werner, A
1 CSE 190 Professor Julian McAuley Assignment 2: Reddit Data by Forrest Merrill, A10097737 Marvin Chau, A09368617 William Werner, A09987897 2 Table of Contents 1. Cover page 2. Table of Contents 3. Introduction
More informationTEXTS ADOPTED. Human rights situation in Crimea, in particular of the Crimean Tatars
European Parliament 2014-2019 TEXTS ADOPTED P8_TA(2016)0043 Human rights situation in Crimea, in particular of the Crimean Tatars European Parliament resolution of 4 February 2016 on the human rights situation
More informationU.S.-Russia Relations. a resource for high school and community college educators. Trust and Decision Making in the Twenty-First Century
U.S.-Russia Relations Trust and Decision Making in the Twenty-First Century a resource for high school and community college educators Prepared by The Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard
More informationSubjectivity Classification
Subjectivity Classification Wilson, Wiebe and Hoffmann: Recognizing contextual polarity in phrase-level sentiment analysis Wiltrud Kessler Institut für Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung Universität Stuttgart
More informationThe Ukraine Crisis Reflections in the Speeches of USA and Russian Political Leaders
The Ukraine Crisis Reflections in the Speeches of USA and Russian Political Leaders Ingrida Unikaitė-Jakuntavičienė 1 - Rita Matulkaitė 2 Abstract This paper focuses on the rhetoric of USA and Russian
More informationDo Individual Heterogeneity and Spatial Correlation Matter?
Do Individual Heterogeneity and Spatial Correlation Matter? An Innovative Approach to the Characterisation of the European Political Space. Giovanna Iannantuoni, Elena Manzoni and Francesca Rossi EXTENDED
More informationVote Compass Methodology
Vote Compass Methodology 1 Introduction Vote Compass is a civic engagement application developed by the team of social and data scientists from Vox Pop Labs. Its objective is to promote electoral literacy
More informationBRIEFING NOTE TO MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT: TWO YEARS OF RUSSIA S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE
BRIEFING NOTE TO MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT: TWO YEARS OF RUSSIA S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE February 25, 2016 National Office: 130 Albert Street, Suite 806 Ottawa ON K1P 5G4 Canada Tel: (613) 232-8822 Fax: (613)
More informationDraft Position Paper. On the situation in Ukraine tabled by the EGP Committee. 1. The Current Situation. 2. The Immediate Consequences
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 On the situation in Ukraine tabled by the EGP Committee 1. The Current Situation 1.1 On 5 September
More informationCBA Middle School Model UN
5th Annual CBA Middle School Model UN Secretariat General...William Walsh, Bryan Soler Crisis Director...Daniel Travel Topic 1: NATO and the Ukraine Topic 2: Ukraine s track to NATO Membership November
More informationEMBARGO 00:01 GMT Tuesday 20 January 2009
EMBARGO 00:01 GMT Tuesday 20 January 2009 Growing Optimism That Obama Will Improve US Relations: Global Poll As Barack Obama prepares to be sworn in as the 44th president of the United States, a new 17-nation
More informationDen Haag October 2016
Den Haag October 2016 Russia s view of modern conflict: Info Phase Zero 2 New Generation Warfare (& Peace)? The entry for Information war...makes a clear distinction between the Russian definition all-encompassing,
More informationThe European Union played a significant role in the Ukraine
Tracing the origins of the Ukraine crisis: Should the EU share the blame? The EU didn t create the Ukraine crisis, but it must take responsibility for ending it. Alyona Getmanchuk traces the origins of
More informationResearch Report. Leiden Model United Nations 2015 ~ fresh ideas, new solutions ~
Forum: Issue: Student Officer: Position: General Assembly First Committee: Disarmament and International Security Foreign combatants in internal militarised conflicts Ethan Warren Deputy Chair Introduction
More informationRecommendations For Reddit Users Avideh Taalimanesh and Mohammad Aleagha Stanford University, December 2012
Recommendations For Reddit Users Avideh Taalimanesh and Mohammad Aleagha Stanford University, December 2012 Abstract In this paper we attempt to develop an algorithm to generate a set of post recommendations
More informationFrom Reset to Regret: Views of Russia Fall to Levels Not Seen Since Cold War
From Reset to Regret: Views of Russia Fall to Levels Not Seen Since Cold War Dina Smeltz, senior fellow, public opinion and foreign policy Craig Kafura, senior program officer, studies July 2014 New Chicago
More informationWORKING DOCUMENT. EN United in diversity EN
EUROPEAN PARLIAMT 2014-2019 Committee on Foreign Affairs 13.11.2014 WORKING DOCUMT for the Report on the Annual Report from the Council to the European Parliament on the Common Foreign and Security Policy
More informationThe European Union, Russia and Ukraine
The European Union, Russia and Ukraine Page 1 The European Union, Russia and Ukraine Introduction This is a briefing paper on recent developments in the relationship between the EU, Russia and Ukraine.
More informationELECTION REPORT. Spring 2014 GENERAL ELECTION ELECTION AND DISPUTES COMMISSION
ELECTION REPORT Spring 2014 GENERAL ELECTION ELECTION AND DISPUTES COMMISSION Greg Mercer, Cha ir ma n Danny Lee, Associate Commissioner Emily Daniel, Associate Commissioner Riley May, Associate Commissioner
More informationSupport Vector Machines
Support Vector Machines Linearly Separable Data SVM: Simple Linear Separator hyperplane Which Simple Linear Separator? Classifier Margin Objective #1: Maximize Margin MARGIN MARGIN How s this look? MARGIN
More informationSTATEMENT OF THE NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTE: ENVIRONMENT FAVORABLE FOR A DEMOCRATIC ELECTION IN MOST OF UKRAINE Ukraine, May 19, 2014
STATEMENT OF THE NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTE: ENVIRONMENT FAVORABLE FOR A DEMOCRATIC ELECTION IN MOST OF UKRAINE Ukraine, May 19, 2014 The May 25 elections are the most important in Ukraine s independent
More informationCS 4407 Algorithms Greedy Algorithms and Minimum Spanning Trees
CS 4407 Algorithms Greedy Algorithms and Minimum Spanning Trees Prof. Gregory Provan Department of Computer Science University College Cork 1 Sample MST 6 5 4 9 14 10 2 3 8 15 Greedy Algorithms When are
More informationSymbiMUN Model United Nations Conference. European Union Study Guide
SymbiMUN 2017 Model United Nations Conference European Union Study Guide Agenda Measures to Strengthen Eastern Europe in the Face of Rising Disturbance from Neighboring Nations Letter from the executive
More information