Annexe 6. Version publique expurgée de ICC-02/11-01/ Conf-Anx6-Corr

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1 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT Annexe 6 Version publique expurgée de ICC-02/11-01/ Conf-Anx6-Corr Rapport sur des groupes rebelles actifs à Abidjan durant la violence post-électorale

2 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT Le Bureau du Procureur The Office of the Prosecutor Prepared by OTP Investigation Division Date 13 January 2014 Subject Armed groups in Abobo, including the Commando Invisible, December April TERMS OF REFERENCE INTRODUCTION EMERGENCE OF ARMED GROUPS IN ABOBO, DECEMBER 2010 JANUARY ESCALATION OF ACTIVITIES, FEBRUARY-MARCH REFERENCE TO THE COMMANDO INVISIBLE AFFILIATION STRUCTURE LEADERSHIP PERSONNEL/ELEMENTS/STRENGTH IDENTIFICATION AREA OF CONTROL DEPLOYMENT AREA OF OPERATIONS WEAPONS ANONKOUA-KOUTÉ INCIDENT FINAL OBSERVATIONS

3 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 1. TERMS OF REFERENCE 1. On 3 June 2013, Pre-Trial Chamber I requested the OTP to provide further evidence on The position(s), movements and activities of all armed groups opposed to the pro-gbagbo forces (for example Commando Invisible and Forces Nouvelles) in Côte d Ivoire (including particularly in and around Abidjan) between November 2010 and May 2011, including specific information about confrontations between those armed groups and the pro-gbagbo forces between November 2010 and May INTRODUCTION 2. During the post-electoral violence of in Côte d Ivoire, the security forces loyal to Laurent GBAGBO, referred to hereafter as the Forces de Défense et de Sécurité (FDS), came under attack in the commune of Abobo in Abidjan. Armed attacks on the FDS began sporadically in December 2010 and continued in January The level of attacks escalated in the period from February to March 2011, becoming more regular and resulting in further FDS fatalities and the loss of FDS control of areas of Abobo. The total number of FDS fatalities in Abobo during the post-electoral violence is believed to be around twenty-seven The identity and organisational structure of the armed groups responsible for these attacks on the FDS was unknown at that time, later leading to these groups being commonly referred to as a Commando Invisible. The evidence currently available indicates that there were a number of disparate groups carrying out armed attacks on the FDS in Abidjan in this period. These groups are known to have been based in Abobo but their organisation and command structure remain unclear, given the covert nature of their activities and the current lack of related documentation. 1 ICC-02/11-01/11-432, para See Annex 1. 2

4 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 3. EMERGENCE OF ARMED GROUPS IN ABOBO, DECEMBER 2010 JANUARY The armed attacks on the FDS first came to prominence in December 2010, in the neighbourhood of PK 18 in Abobo. On 16 December 2010, four FDS members were reported to have been killed in Abobo Sporadic attacks continued into January 2011, with further FDS fatalities and a number of armed attacks on police commissariats and other FDS positions in Abobo. 4 At this stage, the identity of the attackers was unknown and the attacks were not claimed by any recognised armed group. The FDS responded with further military operations in Abobo and attacks on the civilian population ESCALATION OF ACTIVITIES, FEBRUARY-MARCH During February and March 2011 the level of attacks on the FDS in Abobo escalated and FDS attacks on the civilian population of Abobo also increased. There were armed attacks on FDS units carrying out operations in Abobo and positions held by the FDS in Abobo From 23 February 2011 onwards, the FDS operations in Abobo were led by the armed forces, which carried out further attacks on the civilian population in Abobo. This led to an increase in support and recruits for the armed insurgency in Abobo. A number of FDS members also defected, with some of them joining the armed groups in Abobo On the night of 6-7 March 2011, an armed group from Abobo carried out an attack on the neighbourhood of Anonkoua-Kouté, which was perceived as a reprisal for attacks on supporters of OUATTARA. 8 A number of civilians were killed in this attack and many others were evacuated by the FDS. 9 3 See Annex 1. 4 See Annex 1. 5 Document amendé de notification des charges, 13 January 2014, para. 82, paras See Annex 1. 7 Written Statement of P-0369, CIV-OTP R01 at 1454, para. 212; Written Statement of P- 0105, CIV-OTP R01 at 0253, para.45-46; Written Statement, P-0217, CIV-OTP R01 at 0410 and 0411, para. 196; Written Statement, P-0169, CIV-OTP R01 at 0336, para Witness Statement of P-0217, CIV-OTP R01 at , paras See para.13. 3

5 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 9. The Abobo armed groups increased the frequency of their attacks and there were further FDS fatalities in this period, along with the loss of weapons, and a number of FDS vehicles were destroyed or captured. 10 The FDS began to lose control of certain areas of Abobo and their presence became increasingly confined to the Camp Commando in Abobo In late March 2011, the FDS withdrew the majority of its forces from Abobo, which by this stage was effectively out of its control. The armed groups from Abobo continued to push back the FDS forces, advancing towards other communes of northern Abidjan, such as Adjamé. 12 On 31 March 2011, the pro-ouattara forces, which by that time had been named the Forces républicaines de Côte d Ivoire (FRCI), arrived in Abidjan and the insurgency against pro-gbagbo forces developed into the Battle of Abidjan. 5. REFERENCE TO THE COMMANDO INVISIBLE 11. Until late February 2011, the armed persons responsible for attacks on the FDS did not have a recognised name and did not claim responsibility for their attacks via the media. Their attacks on the FDS were identified with wider public resistance in Abobo against the FDS and were sometimes referred to as self-defence groups ( groupes d autodéfense ) or neighbourhood youth ( jeunes combattants or jeunes du quartier ) During the post-electoral violence, the pro-gbagbo authorities used the term rebels, terrorists, or bandits 14 to refer to their opponents and 10 Transcribed Statement P-0046, CIV-OTP R01 at 0352; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at ; CIV-OTP R01 at 1505; Transcript of interview P- 0047, CIV-OTP R01 at Transcribed Statement of P-0010, CIV-OTP R01 at , l ; Transcribed Statement P-0046, CIV-OTP R01, at 0360, l Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at 1458, para Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01 at 1454, para. 212; Written Statement of P- 0105, CIV-OTP R01 at 0253, para.45-46; Written Statement, P-0217, CIV-OTP R01 at 0410 and 0411, para. 196; Written Statement, P-0169, CIV-OTP R01 at 0336, para. 77; Witness statement, P-0184, CIV-OTP R01 at , at paras Hérodote revue de géographie et de géopolitique, «Les évangéliques à l'assaut du monde», quatrième trimestre 2005, CIV-OTP at 1969; Video clip, 26 March 2011, CIV-OTP at 00:12-00:14; Transcript of video, CIV-OTP at 2525, l ; French translation of Witness Statement P-0369, CIV-OTP R01 at , paras ; Transcribed Statement P- 0044, CIV-OTP R01 at 0718, ; Minutes du Conseil du Gouvernement du mardi 22 février 2011, 22 February 2011, CIV-OTP at 0084; Witness Statement P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0221, paras ; Witness Statement P-0164, CIV-OTP R01 at 0487, para.38; Witness Statement P-0185, CIV-OTP R01 at 0665, para.36; Witness Statement P- 0226, CIV-OTP R01 at , paras ; Simone GBAGBO video of 15 January 2011 meeting, CIV-OTP at 00:58-06:00; Transcript of CIV-OTP , CIV-OTP

6 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT these terms were also used to describe the armed groups in Abobo. The terms militants RHDP 15 and manifestants armés 16 were also occasionally used by the pro-gbagbo sources. 13. The earliest available documentary evidence from a group or organisation identifying itself as the Commando Invisible is a communiqué dated 26 February 2011, which was reported in a news article on 27 February The term Commando Invisible may already have been in use by people in Abobo as early as January 2011, although it appears to have originated as an informal term for the unknown persons carrying out attacks against the FDS Additionally, the population of Abobo referred to the armed insurgents as Fognon or Fonyo ( wind, in Dioula) 19, as well as Mogo Bah ( great men, in Dioula) From the end of February 2011 onwards, the name Commando Invisible was commonly reported as the name of those responsible for the armed insurgency in Abobo. The majority of attacks against the FDS in Abobo during the post-electoral crisis violence were attributed to the Commando Invisible, which was usually referred to as a single group. 21 However, the available evidence indicates that there were different groups active in different areas of Abobo and at this stage there is no clearly defined command structure to show that these groups formed a single organisation at 0019, l.16-43, l.25; Gal Dogbo Blé Bruno (commandant de la garde républicaine): «Si la bataille doit avoir lieu, il faut qu'elle fasse rage», CIV-OTP at 0105, para.1, second to last sentence; Communiqué du Gouvernement, CIV-OTP at Police report, 31/12/2010, CIV-OTP ; Report, Agence nationale de la stratégie et de l intelligence, 21/02/2011, CIV-OTP ; Rapport LMP, Mémorandum sur la crise postélectorale en Côte d Ivoire, undated, CIV-OTP , at 0069; Report, Renseignements généraux, 03/01/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0572; Police report, 28/01/2011, CIV-OTP Rapport Gendarmerie, 16/12/2010, CIV-OTP News article, En exclusivité, Communiqué 002/Commando invisible, 27/02/2013, CIV-OTP Written Statement of P-0217, CIV-OTP R01 at 0411, para.200; Written Statement of P- 0189, CIV-OTP R01 at 0551, para Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1361, line ; Witness statement, P-0218, CIV-OTP R01, at 0460 and 0461, para. 84; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0550, para. 161; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0227, para. 87; Statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para. 74; News article, Jeune Afrique, 10/07/2012, CIV-OTP , at Witness statement, P-0362, CIV-OTP R01, at 1279 and 1280, para Written Statement of P-0217, CIV-OTP R01, at 0411, para See paras

7 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 6. AFFILIATION 16. During the post-electoral violence, the Abobo jeunes combattants, the Abobo groupes d autodéfense, the group which described itself as the Commando Invisible, and the Forces Armées des Forces Nouvelles (FAFN) at the Hôtel du Golf had the same enemy, namely the FDS. However, on the basis of the currently available evidence, the link between the armed groups opposed to the FDS remains uncertain. 17. On one hand, Laurent GBAGBO s supporters said that the Commando Invisible was part of the FAFN. 23 This allegation is partly supported by the fact that there were telephone contacts and exchange of information between the Hôtel du Golf and some of the groups opposed to the pro- GBAGBO forces, in reference to the operations and movements of the FDS On the other hand, OUATTARA s government and elements of the Commando Invisible each denied any links to the other. 25 Notably, in a press release of 16 March 2011, the FAFN denied having any presence in Abobo. On 4 April 2011, the self-proclaimed leader of the Commando Invisible, Ibrahim COULIBALY (aka IB), declared that he had no link with the pro-ouattara forces Furthermore, in early April 2011, IB allegedly provided assistance to FDS units at Camp Agban and was also alleged to be liaising with pro- GBAGBO militias On 31 March 2011, the FRCI arrived in Abidjan and took control of Abobo, apparently with the acceptance of the majority of armed groups in the commune. However, during April 2011, the FRCI continued to clash with elements reportedly under IB s control in the neighbourhood of PK Amnesty International, report, They looked at his identity card and shot him dead, 01/05/2011, CIV- OTP ; Defence witness statement, Alain DOGOU, CIV-D , at Witness Statement, P-0234, CIV-OTP R01 at , paras UNOCI, Twenty-seventh progress report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Operation in Côte d'ivoire, CIV-OTP , para. 45; ONUCI, Weekly Situation report, 26/04/2011, CIV-OTP , at 1390, para Amnesty International, report, They looked at his identity card and shot him dead, 01/05/2011, CIV- OTP at 0680 and 0681; UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; Written Statement, P-0217, CIV-OTP R01 at 0411, para Transcript of interview, P-0330, CIV-OTP R01, at 2651 and 2652, line ; Witness Statement, P-0107, CIV-OTP R01 at 0086, paras News articles at CIV-OTP ; CIV-OTP ; CIV-OTP Daily Situation Report, UNOCI, 21/04/2011, CIV-OTP at 1289, para.11. 6

8 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 21. A news report dated 01 April 2011 refers to IB stating that he had renamed his group the Forces de Défense et de Sécurité Impartiales (FDSI ) and that this was the new name for the Commando Invisible. 29 However, this group of IB does not appear to have had control of areas outside their base in PK 18 during April On 27 April 2011, once OUATTARA had taken power, he called on IB s group to disarm but they did not comply. The FRCI then attacked the location where IB was staying and he was killed in an exchange of fire, in circumstances which remain unclear STRUCTURE 23. In light of the available evidence in the possession of the OTP, it is currently difficult to establish the structure, if any, of the armed groups active in Abobo at the time of the post-electoral violence. 24. There is insufficient evidence to confirm the existence of any formal structure within any particular group or among the various armed groups in Abobo. However, there is anecdotal evidence that certain persons would report to others, and that there may have been some hierarchy within the group controlled by IB The available evidence suggests that the Abobo rebels were composed of various groups within the rebellion, one of them being the group of IB which referred to itself as the Commando Invisible. 26. However, the term Commando Invisible also appears to have been used to describe a collection of several independent armed groups active in the same location, Abobo, against a common enemy, the FDS News article, L Express, 01 April 2011, D où vient Ibrahim Coulibaly, chef du commando invisible?, CIV-OTP at UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; Amnesty International, report, They looked at his identity card and shot him dead, 01/05/2011, CIV-OTP at 0680 and Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at 1455, para. 215; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0552, para.173 and 176, at 0553, para.179; Transcript of interview, P- 0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1431, line Witness statement, P-0169, CIV-OTP R01, at 0336, para.77; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0552, para. 176; News article, Justice international: Des ex-combattants invite la CPI à poursuivre Soro, CIV-OTP ; Document, undated, CIV- OTP ; Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at 1454, para , at 1456, para. 217; News article, Du complot de la Mercedes noire au "Commando invisible", un commandant FRCI confesse tout, interview with Koné Bilhamany, 2ivoire.net, 14/11/2011, CIV-D at

9 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 8. LEADERSHIP 27. It has generally been reported in the media that the leader of the armed groups in Abobo was Ibrahim COULIBALY aka IB, who was proclaimed as the leader of the Commando Invisible in a communiqué dated 27 February IB has been referred to as the leader of the Commando Invisible by the media, the UN 34, Amnesty International 35 and the Human Rights Council of the UN A number of FDS officers have also referred to IB as the leader of the Commando Invisible and therefore of the insurgency in Abobo. However, their information in this regard has often been obtained from reports in the media, rather than from detailed FDS intelligence concerning the armed insurgency in Abobo Despite the media reports of IB s leadership of the Commando Invisible, there are indications that IB only arrived in Abobo in February or March 2011, thus after the beginning of the rebellion. He then declared himself the leader of the Commando Invisible and presented himself as the leader of the armed groups fighting against the FDS in Abobo. But many combatants in these groups did not consider him their leader. 38 As a result, there is inconsistency in the way IB was portrayed, the way he was perceived, and his true role in the Abobo insurgency. 31. In addition to IB, the available evidence identifies a number of other leaders associated to the armed groups in Abobo, sometimes also referred to as Commando Invisible : 33 News article, IB, l'homme invisible d'abidjan, Slate Afrique, by Damien GLEZ, 01/04/2011, CIV- D UN Report, 'Rapport sur les violations des droits de l'homme commises dans le District d'abidjan, 01/05/2011 (estimated), CIV-OTP , at Amnesty International, report, They looked at his identity card and shot him dead, 20/06/2011, CIV- OTP , at Human Rights Council, Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d'ivoire, 14/06/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0359, para Interview transcript, P-0324, CIV-OTP R01, at 0021, line ; Interview transcript, P- 0100, CIV-OTP R01, at 0264 line ; interview transcript, P-0069, CIV-OTP R01, at ; Interview transcript, P-0009, 08/10/2011, CIV-OTP R01, at 0382 and 0383, line Witness statement, P-0217, CIV-OTP R01, at 0411, para ; Transcript of interview, P-0330, CIV-OTP R01, at , line ; News article, Du complot de la Mercedes noire au "Commando invisible", un commandant FRCI confesse tout, interview with Koné Bilhamany, 2ivoire.net, 14/11/2011, CIV-D ; News article, lebanco.net, IB n est pas le «père» du commando invisible, 31/07/2012, CIV-OTP

10 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT Colonel/Commander [REDACTED] 39 [REDACTED] 40 [REDACTED] 41 Commander [REDACTED], deputy to Colonel [REDACTED]. 42 Commander [REDACTED], spokesperson ad interim. 43 Commando [REDACTED], allegedly a retired FDS element. 44 [REDACTED] 45 [REDACTED] 46 [REDACTED] 47 [REDACTED] 48 [REDACTED], referred to as the leader of the armed group that was present in Anonkoua-Kouté after the incident of 6-7 March [REDACTED] leader of a group based in the Derrière Rails neighbourhood of Abobo. 50 [REDACTED] was reported to be a [REDACTED] and the majority of elements under his command were [REDACTED]. 51 [REDACTED] [REDACTED], who was described as being active in the mobilisation of rebels in order to prepare an attack against the FDS. 52 Commandant [REDACTED] leader of about 65 elements operating in Abobo at PK [REDACTED] - Chairman of the [REDACTED] Witness statement, P-00189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0552, para.173; Video, Côte d Ivoire, reportage sur le Commando invisible d Abobo, 28/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; News article, lebanco.net, IB n est pas le «père» du commando invisible, 31/07/2012, CIV-OTP ; News article, Le Monde, Côte d Ivoire : Ibrahim Coulibaly, tué par ses ex-alliés, était une menace pour M. Ouattara, 29/04/2011, CIV-OTP News article, lebanco.net, IB n est pas le «père» du commando invisible, 31/07/2012, CIV-OTP Witness interview, P-0362, CIV-OTP R01, at 1279 and 1280, para Video, Côte d Ivoire, reportage sur le Commando invisible d Abobo, 28/03/2011, CIV-OTP , at News article, En exclusivité, Communiqué 002/Commando invisible, 27/02/2013, CIV-OTP News article, Le Temps, 18/03/2011, CIV-OTP , at Transcript of interview, P-0330, CIV-OTP R01, at 2779, line ; Transcript of interview, P-0069, CIV-OTP R01, at Witness statement, P-0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0421, para.57; News article, Du complot de la Mercedes noire au "Commando invisible", un commandant FRCI confesse tout, interview with Koné Bilhamany, 2ivoire.net, 14/11/2011, CIV-D at News article, Du complot de la Mercedes noire au "Commando invisible", un commandant FRCI confesse tout, interview with Koné Bilhamany, 2ivoire.net, 14/11/2011, CIV-D at News article, Du complot de la Mercedes noire au "Commando invisible", un commandant FRCI confesse tout, interview with Koné Bilhamany, 2ivoire.net, 14/11/2011, CIV-D at ONUCI, Special Report on Anonkoua-Kouté Attacks, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0552, para Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1418, line and at 1420, line Commissariat de Police of 21sr District to Head of Abobo Police District, Report, 07/02/11, CIV-OTP Document registering a radio message emitted by the Commander Gendarmerie Brigade of Alépé to the Commander of the 1 st Gendarmerie Legion of Abidjan, 17/04/2011, CIV-OTP News article, Justice international: Des ex-combattants invite la CPI à poursuivre Soro, CIV-OTP

11 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT [REDACTED] a leader of a group near [REDACTED] (PK 18). 55 [REDACTED] leader of the group based between [REDACTED] and the village of Anonkoua-Kouté. 56 [REDACTED] leader of a group in [REDACTED] area. 57 [REDACTED] a leader of a group in [REDACTED], subordinate to [REDACTED]. 58 [REDACTED] a leader of a group in [REDACTED], subordinate to [REDACTED]. 59 [REDACTED] leader of a group in Abobo Derrière Rails PERSONNEL/ELEMENTS/STRENGTH 32. According to a report of the Human Rights Council of the UN, the Commando Invisible had some 5,000 members by the end of hostilities. 61 This number has not been corroborated. 33. A number of witnesses describe the armed groups in Abobo as being composed of local youths and other volunteers who were defending the local community against attacks from the FDS. 62 Witness P-0189 reported on the presence of FDS personnel who defected from the pro-gbagbo forces and fought on the side of the armed groups There are allegations that the Commando Invisible also included mercenaries from France, Burkina Faso and Mali. From the currently available evidence, the information suggesting the presence of [REDACTED] is uncorroborated, although there is evidence that nationals from [REDACTED] and [REDACTED] may have been active in Abobo Document, undated, CIV-OTP Document, undated, CIV-OTP Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1428, line Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1428, line Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1428, line Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1428 and 1429, line Human Rights Council, Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d'ivoire' dated 14/06/2011, CIV-OTP at 0359; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para Witness statement, P-0362, CIV-OTP R01, at 1278, para ; Witness statement, P- 0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0225, para ; Statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para. 74; Witness statement, P-0234, CIV-OTP R01, at 0549, para ; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01 at 0552, para Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0227, para. 84; Interview transcript, P-0100, CIV-OTP R01, at 0293, line ; Report recovered in Laurent GBAGBO s residence, CIV-OTP at 0170; Letter of the DST Director to the Director of the DGPN, 20/01/11, CIV- OTP

12 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 10. IDENTIFICATION 35. The available evidence shows that the armed groups in Abobo had no distinctive identifying feature Witnesses most often describe the Commando Invisible as wearing civilian attire 66 or a mixture of civilian and military clothing. 67 There are indications that some members started wearing pieces of military attire in March There is some evidence from several witnesses who mention combatants wearing amulets ( gris gris) of mirrors and animal skin on their wrists, neck or under their clothing AREA OF CONTROL 38. A Public Security document shows that from 21 January 2011, the police force was no longer in control of the situation in Abobo. 70 On 23 February 65 Statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para. 84; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV- OTP R01, at 0311, line ; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para. 78 and at 0227, para. 84; Interview transcript, P-0009,, CIV-OTP R01 at 0184, line ; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0520, line ; Interview transcript, P-0100, CIV-OTP R01 at 0066, line ; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV- OTP R01 at 0543, line Note d information (information note), Agence Nationale de Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0123; Transcript of P-0009, CIV-OTP at 0122; 43; UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; News article, Reportage/Anyama, Abobo : Nous avons laissé derrière la guerre en direct, 17/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0584; Information report of the Head of Abobo Police District to the Prefet de Police of Abidjan, 18/12/2011, CIV-OTP ; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para. 78 and at 0227, para. 84; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0183 and 0184, line , at 0381 line ; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0520, line ; Interview transcript, P-0100, CIV-OTP R01 at 0066, line ; Interview transcript, P- 0100, CIV-OTP R01 at 0240, line Interview transcript P-0069, CIV-OTP R01 at 0311, line ; Witness statement P- 0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0420, para. 48; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1419, line ; Witness interview P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0552, at 175; Witness interview P-0362, CIV-OTP R01-R01 at 1278, para ; Analyse, Direction des renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 08/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0148 and Analyse, Direction des renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 08/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0148 and 0149; Witness statement P-0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0420, para. 48; Video, Côte d Ivoire, reportage sur le Commando invisible d Abobo, 28/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; video, Côte d Ivoire : «le général IB» revendique sa part de la victoire, 21/04/2011, CIV-OTP Witness statement P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para. 84; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV-OTP R01 at 0311, line ; Witness statement P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0227, para. 84; Interview transcript P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1375, line Minutes of meeting, Public Security, 21/01/11, CIV-OTP ; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV- OTP R01, at 0555, para

13 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT the armed forces took control of operations in Abobo but by mid-march 2011 the Camp Commando was the last remaining position of the FDS in Abobo. 71 By 30 March 2011 the FDS had been ordered to retreat from all their positions and were no longer based in Abobo Prior to the FAFN/FRCI entering the city on 31 March 2011, armed groups in Abobo, including the Commando Invisible, were present and active in Abobo From late March 2011, the armed groups from Abobo also extended their activities in the following directions: North: Anyama 74 North-East: Road to Alépé 75 East: Road to Alépé 76 South-East: Northern areas of Angré 77 South: Abidjan Zoo 78 South-West: Williamsville 79 West: MACA It should be noted that the armed groups reached the above limits of their area of operation by the end of hostilities in Abobo in April The currently available evidence is insufficient to demonstrate a clear chronology or a timeline of the progression of these groups. At this stage, it is not possible to establish the different areas of control of the group of IB, the Commando Invisible, or other armed groups based in Abobo. The evidence is not sufficient to demonstrate that any or all of the armed 71 Transcribed Statement of P-0010, CIV-OTP R01 at , l ; Transcribed Statement P-0046, CIV-OTP R01, at 0360, l Transcribed Statement P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at , l , at , l ; Witness Statement P-0316, CIV-OTP R02 at 0494, para Interview transcript P-0064, CIV-OTP R01 at 0188, line ; Interview transcript P- 0047, CIV-OTP R01 at 0264, line Transcript of P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0146, para Interview transcript P-0010, CIV-OTP R01, at 0091 and 0092, line Interview transcript P-0010, CIV-OTP R01, at 0091 and 0092, line Transcript of interview P-0100, CIV-OTP R01 at 0286, line ; Interview transcript P-0010, CIV-OTP R01 at 0091 and 0092, line Interview transcript P-0011, CIV-OTP R01 at 0313, lines Transcript of interview, P-0100, CIV-OTP R01, at 0286, line ; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0226, para Transcript of interview, P-0046, CIV-OTP R01 at 0355, line and 0357, line ; 'Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d'ivoire' dated 08/06/2011, CIV-OTP at 0584; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para. 72 and at 0226, para. 78; Transcript of interview, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0142, para. 18; Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at 1456 and 1457, para

14 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT groups in Abobo had at any time continuous or full control over the entire area described above. 12. DEPLOYMENT 43. The starting point of the deployment of armed groups in Abobo was in the neighbourhood of PK 18, near the Banco Forest. 82 The armed groups used many different sites in Abobo at different times of the post-electoral violence. A number of these locations are listed below, although this list is not exhaustive and the deployment of the armed groups appears to have been fluid: PK [REDACTED] PK 18) 84 Carrefour [REDACTED] 85 Proximity of Carrefour [REDACTED] 86 [REDACTED] 87 A site near the [REDACTED] 88 [REDACTED] Transcript of interview, P-0046, CIV-OTP R01 at 0355, line and 0357, line ; 'Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d'ivoire' dated 08/06/2011, CIV-OTP at 0584; Witness statement, P-0106, CIV-OTP R01 at 0224, para. 72 and at 0226, para. 78; Transcript of P-0009, CIV-OTP R01 at 0142, para Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01, at 0920, line ; Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 13/01/2011, CIV-OTP at 0603; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV-OTP ; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1427, line ; Witness statement, P- 0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0517, para.54, at 0551, para. 167, 171 and at 0552, para. 175; Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 17/01/2011, CIV-OTP Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1429, line Daily information report, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 23/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0301; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV-OTP ; Note d information (information note), Agence Nationale de Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0123; Witness statement P-0226,, CIV-OTP R01, at 0170, para Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01, at 0920, line ; Analyse, Direction des renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 08/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0148 and 0149; Direction de rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 24/02/2011, CIV-OTP Information brief, Chief of Police of Abobo Police District to Prefet de police of Abidjan, 14/01/2011, CIV-OTP ; Daily information report, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 23/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0301; Witness statement, P-0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0420, para. 48 and para. 51; Interview transcript, P-0321, CIV-OTP R01, at 0914, line ; Interview transcript, P-0321, CIV-OTP R01, 0745, line ; Note d information (information note), Agence Nationale de Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV - OTP at Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 17/01/2011, CIV-OTP ; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV- OTP ; Note d information (information note), Agence Nationale de Str atégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP at

15 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT [REDACTED], ([REDACTED], near N Dotré) 90 Carrefour [REDACTED] 91 [REDACTED] 92 A house in [REDACTED] 93 The area behind the [REDACTED] 94 [REDACTED], opposite to [REDACTED] 95 Roundabout of the [REDACTED] 96 The [REDACTED] near the [REDACTED] Abobo 97 [REDACTED] 98 [REDACTED] 99 Quartier Derrière Rails, [REDACTED] 100 Quartier [REDACTED] Witness statement, P-0297, CIV-OTP R01, at 0416, para.24; Transcript of interview, P- 0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1422, line and 1427, line Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 17/01/2011, CIV-OTP ; Document, undated, CIV-OTP Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 17/01/2011, CIV-OTP ; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP Interview transcript, P-0330, CIV-OTP R01, at 2780 and 2781, line ; Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 19/01/2011, CIV-OTP at 0593; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP ; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV- OTP ; Note d information (information note), Agence Nationale de Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0123; Document, undated, CIV-OTP Intelligence report, DST, Ministry of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP ; Note d information, DGPN, 09/03/2011, CIV-OTP Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 19/01/2011, CIV-OTP at 0593; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP ; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV-OTP Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP ; Note d information (information note), Ag ence Nationale de Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0123; Document, undated, CIV-OTP Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 13/01/2011, CIV-OTP at 0603; Information brief, Chief of Police of Abobo Police District to Prefet de police of Abidjan, 14/01/2011, CIV-OTP Transcript of interview, P-0330, CIV-OTP R01 at 2785, line Information note, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP Daily information report, Direction des rensiegnements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 13/01/2011, CIV-OTP at Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV-OTP ; Witness interview, P-0362, CIV-OTP R01, at 1278, para ; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0551, para Information brief, Chief of Police of Abobo Police District to Prefet de police of Abidjan, 14/01/2011, CIV-OTP ; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP ; Document, Agence Nationale de la Stratégie et de l Intelligence, 28/02/11, CIV- OTP ; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0551, para. 171; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01 at 1427, line

16 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 44. However, it should be noted that the imprecision in reporting makes it difficult to complete an exhaustive list of locations held by these groups at different stages of the post-election violence. 45. As for the extension of territory in control of the armed groups, the evidence is insufficient to establish a chronology and timeline of their deployment, nor to distinguish between the areas where different groups were present. 46. For geographical representation of the major locations held by these armed groups, see Annex AREA OF OPERATIONS 47. It is difficult to establish when the rebellion started or to determine with certainty which operations directed against the FDS can be attributed to these groups. 48. According to some senior FDS officers, operations of the Commando Invisible started in December 2010 with attacks on Police positions, the first significant attack taking place on 16 December Some Police documents refer to attacks on the FDS in December 2010 by unknown persons, attributing these attacks to assaillants, rebels or RHDP militants Other sources indicate that operations of the armed groups in Abobo started in January-February Interview transcript, P-0064, CIV-OTP R01 at 0166, line ; Interview transcript, P- 0321,CIV-OTP R01, at 0890, line ; Witness statement, P-0297,, CIV-OTP R01 at 0421, para Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP ; Rapport sur la situation sécuritaire après le second tour de l élection présidentialle du 28 novembre 2010, Ministry of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP at 0343; Information report of the Head of Abobo Police District to the Prefet de Police of Abidjan, 18/12/2011, CIV-OTP News article, Jeune Afrique, Cote d'ivoire : les secrets d'une offensive éclair, 08/04/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0297; Euronews, news article, 24/10/2011, CIV-OTP at 0005; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0517, para.54, at 0551, para.168 at 0555, para.193; Witness statement, P-0226,, CIV-OTP R01, at 0169 and 0170, para.85-86; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01, at 1025, line

17 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 50. Therefore, although it is clear that the FDS were being targeted in Abobo from mid-december 2010 onwards, and that the frequency of attacks increased in early 2011, the evidence is insufficient to identify which attacks are specifically attributable to which group. 51. A non-exhaustive list of rebel operations or attacks against the FDS in Abidjan is presented in Annex 1. By noting the geographical distribution of these attacks it can be concluded that the large majority of them were carried out in Abobo, including the following incidents: Unicafé (on 16/12/ ) PK 18 (on 16/02/10 106, 09-10/01/2011, /01/11, /02/ ) Abobo Filtisac (on 17/12/10 110, 11/03/ ) RTI antenna in Abobo (on 5-6/03/ ) Avocatier near 32 Police Arrondissement (on 18/12/ ) 21 Police Arrondissement (on 07/02/11 114) 14 Police Arrondissement, near Mairie (on 07/02/ ) Anonkoua-Kouté (on 06/03/ ) 105 Witness statement, P-0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0421, para Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP ; Rapport sur la situation sécuritaire après le second tour de élections présidentielles du 28 novembre 2010, Ministry of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP at Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at Daily Information Report, from the Head of Police Abobo to the Préfet de police d Abidjan, 11/01/11, CIV-OTP News article, Le Nouveau Réveil, undated, CIV-OTP Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP ; Document, Director of the DGPN to the Minister of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP , at Fax, Préfet de Police of Abidjan to the Ministry of Interior, 11/03/11, CIV-OTP ; Chronologie des faits saillants de la semaine du lundi 07 au dimanche 13 mars 2011, Cabinet of the Direction générale de la police nationale, 16/03/11, CIV-OTP Interview transcript, P-0047, CIV-OTP R01, at 0259, line Information report of the Head of Abobo Police District to the Prefet de Police of Abidjan, 18/12/2011, CIV-OTP Report, Commissariat de Police of 21 st District to Head of Abobo Police District, 07/02/11, CIV-OTP ; Memo CPI, documents compiled by Géraldine ODEHOURI-BROU, legal advisor of Laurent GBAGBO, CIV-OTP at Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0292; Letter, BREDOU M BIA, Police Inspector, to Minister of Interior, 24/03/11, CIV-OTP See also other attached documents under this ERN repeating (and detailing) the information; Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at 0656; Memo CPI, documents compiled by Géraldine ODEHOURI-BROU, legal advisor of Laurent GBAGBO, CIV-OTP at UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at 0680; 'Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d'ivoire' dated 08/062011, CIV-OTP at 0584; Crimes et exactions que l'onuci ne voit pas, on-line news article, 16

18 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT Police 43 rd Arrondissement (Abobo) (on 11-12/01/2011) 117 Rond Point Mairie Collège St Joseph (on 11-12/01/ ) Plateau Dokui (on 11/03/ ) Rond Point Gagnoa Gare (on 12/03/ ) Premier pont (first bridge) of Yopougon (on 14/03/ ) MACA (on 18/03/ ) Rond Point Samaké (on 24/03/ ) 52. There were also FDS reports of rebel incursions into Cocody in December 2010, 124 Yopougon in mid-march 2011, 125 Agban Village (undated), 126 Koumassi (undated), 127 Adjamé (undated), 128 as well as the pillaging of a Gendarmerie station in Alépé in mid-april 2011 outside of Abidjan /06/2012, CIV-D ; Human Rights Watch Report: They Killed Them Like It Was Nothing, CIV-OTP at 0132; News article, Nouveau Courrier, Crimes contre l'humanité du commando invisible pro Ouattara, 01/06/2012, CIV-D ; RAPPORT D'ENQUETE SUR LES VIOLATIONS DES DROITS DE L'HOMMECOMMISES A L'OCCASION DE LA CRISE POSTELECTORALE, 16/07/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0574; Transcript of interview, P-0069, CIV- OTP R01, at 0213, line 87-92, and at 0214 line ; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV- OTP R01, at 0296, line ; Amnesty International, Ils ont regardé sa carte d'identité et l'ont abattu, retour sur six mois de violences post-électorales en Côte d'ivoire, May 2011, CIV-OTP , at Rapport sur la situation sécuritaire après le second tour de l élection présidentielle du 28 novembre 2010, Ministry of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP at 0344; Report, High Commissioner for Human Rights on CIV, CIV-OTP at 0054; Twenty-seventh progress report of the Secretarygeneral on the ONUCI, CIV-OTP at 0019, Memo CPI, documents compiled by Géraldine ODEHOURI-BROU, legal advisor of Laurent GBAGBO, CIV-OTP at Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at 0656; Report, Direction des unites d intervention to the Public Security, 19/01/11, CIV-OTP ; Minsitry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0292; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0518, para.63, at 0555, para. 193; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01, at 1371 and 1372, line ONUCI report, 12/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV-OTP R01, at 0300, line Letter/report, Direction des Unités d Intervention to the Head of Public Security, 23/03/1, CIV-OTP at See also other documents under this ERN repeating the same information; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP Document, Yopougon Police District to Prefet de Police d Abidjan, 14/03/2011, CIV-OTP Witness statement, P-0226, CIV-OTP R01, at 0169, para Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at , para Rapport sur la situation sécuritaire après le second tour de l élection présidentielle du 28 novembre 2010, Ministry of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP at Document, Yopougon Police District to Prefet de Police d Abidjan, 14/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; ONUCI Daily Situation report, 15/03/2011, CIV-OTP , at 1168 and 1169, para ONUCI, Investigation sur les atteintes au droit aux droits de l'homme, CIV-OTP , at Interview transcript, P-0047, CIV-OTP R01, at 0153, line Interview transcript, P-0047, CIV-OTP R01, at 0153, line Document registering a radio message emitted by the Commander Gendarmerie Brigade of Alépé to the Commander of the 1 st Gendarmerie Legion of Abidjan, 17/04/2011, CIV-OTP

19 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 53. Annex 3 is the map showing the geographic distribution of major operations in Abobo. 14. WEAPONS 54. The evidence currently in the possession of the OTP shows that the Abobo rebels were seizing weapons from the FDS. 130 They were in possession of AK , grenades 132, RPG 133 and it is also alleged that they mortars. 134 According to witness P-0226, in early March 2011 the Commando Invisible seized a large quantity of weapons that was left at the Carrefour N Dotré by the pro-gbagbo forces One uncorroborated witness stated that the Commando Invisible had a vehicle with a mounted machine gun, which was used in an operation on 08 March ANONKOUA-KOUTÉ INCIDENT 56. On the night of March 2011, the Commando Invisible attacked the Ebrié village of Anonkoua-Kouté, situated half way between the PK 18 and the Mairie of Abobo. According to sources, the rebels killed between Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0553, para.179; Witness statement, P-106,, CIV-OTP at 0224 and 0225, para. 74, 75, 76; Transcript of interview, P-0319, CIV-OTP R01, at 1365, line Information report of the Head of Abobo Police District to the Prefet fe Police of Abidjan, 18/12/2011, CIV-OTP ; Ministry of Interior, Minutes of the Meeting with Police Director, 08/02/2011, CIV-OTP ; Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01, at 0381, line ; Interview transcript of P-0100, CIV-OTP R01, at 0264 line ; Witness statement, P-0226, CIV-OTP R01, at 0170, para. 88; Transcript of interview, P-0010, CIV-OTP R01, at 0380, line Transcript of interview, P-0046, CIV-OTP R01 at 0327, line Ministry of Interior, Minutes of the Meeting with Police Director, 08/02/2011, CIV-OTP ; Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP ; Interview transcript, P-0009, CIV-OTP R01, at 0381, line ; Interview transcript of P-0100, CIV-OTP R01, at 0264 line ; Witness statement, P-0226, CIV-OTP R01, at 0170, para. 88; Transcript of interview, P-0009, CIV- OTP R01 at 0122; Transcript of interview, P-0100, CIV-OTP R01 at ; Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at Transcript of interview, P-0010, CIV-OTP R01 at 0496, line ; Interview transcript, P-0321, CIV-OTP R01, at 1006, line Witness statement, P-0226, CIV-OTP R01, at 0170, para ONUCI Report, CIV-OTP , at 1616, para

20 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT and 20 civilians, wounded about 40, burned houses and provoked a significant population displacement. 137 Based on the available evidence this is the only reported instance of a large-scale attack by the Commando Invisible against civilians. 16. FINAL OBSERVATIONS 57. According to the currently available evidence: During the post-election violence in Côte d Ivoire, there were a number of armed groups in Abobo which carried out attacks against the FDS. There is insufficient evidence to provide a clear picture of the structure of these armed groups or of their relationship with each other. The evidence indicates the existence of a number of independent groups rather than a unified structured organisation. From late February 2011, the name Commando Invisible was used to refer to different armed groups in Abobo which opposed the pro-gbagbo regime. The self-declared leader of the Commando Invisible was Ibrahim COULIBALY, aka IB, but he does not appear to have had command over all Abobo-based armed groups during the post-electoral crisis. The armed groups in Abobo were composed of mainly local youth, along with some more experienced military officers such as IB and a number of defectors from the FDS. Their strength at different times of the postelectoral violence is unknown, although they appear to have grown in strength and resources during February and March The members of the Commando Invisible were wearing mostly civilian clothing and, at a later stage, elements of military uniform. They were armed with AK-47 and RPG s. There is some evidence indicating that they were also armed with mortars but this remains to be further clarified. 137 Amnesty International report, They looked at his identity card and shot him dead, 01/05/2011, CIV- OTP ; ONUCI, Special Report on Anonkoua-Kouté Attacks, 01/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; UNOCI report, 10/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 1152, para. 5; Human Rights Watch, They killed them like it was nothing, October 2011, p : CIV-OTP at ; Non-ICC statement, P-0164, 15/09/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0155; Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at , para

21 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT The FDS gradually lost control of Abobo in February and March From the end of February the FDS were based only at the Camp Commando in Abobo, where they remained based until late March. By this stage, a number of armed groups were active in fighting the FDS in Abobo but at present there is insufficient evidence to establish a clear picture of which groups held different positions in Abobo at specific times during the post-electoral crisis. There is evidence that the group of Ibrahim COULBALY (IB) was originally based in PK 18 and that this remained their stronghold until late April However, it is not possible, at this time, to establish with certainty which other areas of Abobo were controlled by the armed groups which attacked the FDS in this period. The evidence currently in the possession of the OTP does not establish a clear connection between the pro-ouattara FAFN, the group of IB referred to as the Commando Invisible and other Abobo-based armed groups. 20

22 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT ANNEX 1 ATTACKS BY ARMED GROUPS IN ABOBO, 3 DECEMBER MARCH On 3 December 2010, a police officer was shot and his throat slit in Adjamé while he was returning home. The FDS attributed the killing to des individus en guise de protestation contre le couvre-feu. 138 On 16 December 2010, three members of the Compagnie Republicaine de Securité 2 (CRS2) were shot dead at PK 18; FDS attributed their killing to assaillants lors de la manifestation du RHDP. A witness reported a similar incident on 16 December, whereby young men, reportedly members of the Commando Invisible, attacked an FDS vehicle in PK18, killed those inside it and took their weapons. 139 The evidence in the OTP s possession is insufficient to establish with certainty whether the three CRS members were killed during the same incident reported by the witness. On 16 December 2010, one police officer was killed in Abobo-St Joseph. The FDS reports do not identify the perpetrators. 140 On 17 December 2010, two police officers (CRS 1) were shot dead at Abobo FILTISAC, in Abobo. Several FDS reports citing the incident either do not identify the perpetrators, or they refer to them as assaillants or rebelles. 141 On 18 December 2010, rebels armed with Kalashnikovs attacked a police patrol from the 32th Arrondissement police station in Avocatier, Abobo. The attackers were reportedly wearing light blue clothing Document, Director of the DGPN to the Minister of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP , at Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP at 1436; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP at ; Witness statement, P- 0297, CIV-OTP R01 at 0421, para Document, Director of the DGPN to the Minister of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP , at 0976; PC Etat- Major DGPN, Election Présidentielle- Second Tour, Tableau Récapitulatif chronologique des évènements: période du 22/11/2010 au 07/02/2011, CIV-OTP at Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP at 1436; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP at 0337; Document, Director of the DGPN to the Minister of Interior, undated, CIV-OTP , at Information report of the Head of Abobo Police District to the Prefet de Police of Abidjan, 18/12/2011, CIV-OTP

23 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT 2011 On 11 January 2011, the FDS effected a large scale operation, with over 500 FDS elements deployed, in Abobo PK 18 in search for hidden arms and ammunition. 143 During this operation, the FDS were allegedly ambushed and attacked with heavy weaponry by rebels. Two FDS elements were killed by the rebels during the incident, while at least two civilians were killed by the FDS during the same incident 144. During the course of the operation the FDS arrested two individuals carrying armes blanches. 145 In the night of 11 to 12 January 2011, rebels attacked a patrol of two BAE vehicles who were standing watch at Abobo Mairie rond-point, near the Collège St. Joseph. The rebels used heavy weaponry (RPG and 12/7mm). They launched rockets at the police vehicles, setting them on fire. As a result of the attack, six police officers were killed and their vehicle burnt down. FDS reports identify the perpetrators as assaillants or rebels. 146 P-0189 attributes all attacks on FDS in Abobo during this period, including the killing of FDS elements at Abobo St Joseph, to the Commando Invisible ;Préfecture de Police d Abidjan, Rapport de Permanence Centrale du 11 au 12 janvier 2011 a Monsieur le Préfet de Police d Abidjan, CIV-OTP at 0561 ; PC Etat-major DGPN, Election Présidentielle-Second Tour. Tableau Récapitulatif Chronologique des Evènements période du 22/11/2010 au 07/02/2011, CIV-OTP at 0936; 144 Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP at 1437; Report, Direction des unités d intervention to the Public Security, 19/01/11, CIV-OTP at 0316, 0317; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP at 0337; Transcript of P-0009, CIV-OTP at 1025,1026 l ; Twenty-seventh progress report of the Secretary-general on the ONUCI, CIV-OTP at 0019 para. 43; Report, High Commissioner for Human Rights on the situation of human rights in Cote d Ivoire, 15 February 2011, CIV-OTP at 0054; Daily Information Report, from the Head of Police Abobo to the Prefet de police d Abidjan, 11/01/11, CIV- OTP at 0409, 0410; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0291,0292; Point de situation, RCI, Journée du 10 janvier 2011, Evènements ABOBO PK 18, CIV-OTP at ; PC Etat-major DGPN, Election Présidentielle-Second Tour. Tableau Récapitulatif Chronologique des Evènements période du 22/11/2010 au 07/02/2011, CIV-OTP at ; Préfecture de Police d Abidjan, Rapport de Permanence Centrale du 11 au 12 janvier 2011 a Monsieur le Préfet de Police d Abidjan, CIV-OTP at 0561 ; Report, Direction des unités intervention to the Public Security, 19/01/11, CIV- OTP at Report, Direction des unités intervention to the Public Security, 19/01/11, CIV-OTP at Report, Direction des unités intervention to the Public Security, 19/01/11, CIV-OTP at 0317; Ministry of Interior, Public Security, List des policiers décédés lors des manifestations du RHDP, undated, CIV-OTP at 1437 ; Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0292; Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0518, para. 63;; List of deceased Police Officers, Direction des unites d intervention, Ministry of Interior, 28/01/11, CIV-OTP at 0337, Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01, at 0555, para

24 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT During the night of 11 to 12 January 2011, the 43 rd Arrondissement police station in Abobo was attacked by RHDP militants supported by heavily armed rebels. 148 On 7 February 2011, a group of rebels attacked the 14 th Arrondissement and attempted to attack the 21 st Arrondissement. Two FDS were injured during the attack on the 14 th Arrondissement. 149 Between 8 and 25 February 2011, all police and Gendarmerie stations in Abobo were harassed during the night time and afterwards attacked by the Commando Invisible. The attacks caused several losses among the police forces. 150 On 21 February 2011, barricades were erected between the neighbourhoods of PK 18 and N Dotre. 151 Around 20 February and until 26 February 2011, at least four CECOS elements were killed in Abobo. After that the troops were pulled out from Abobo. 152 On 22 and 23 February 2011, violent clashes took place between the Commando invisible and FDS elements in PK 18, Abobo. Several elements from both camps were killed and/or injured and at least one civilian was killed. 153 On the night of 26 to 27 February 2011, rebels of the armed branch of the RHDP attacked the RTI antenna situated in Abobo with heavy weaponry. As results, two gendarmes were killed and three civilians were burned alive, while RTI equipment was destroyed or burned Rapport sur la situation sécuritaire après le second tour de l élection présidentielle du 28 novembre 2010, Ministry of Interior, CIV-OTP at Analyse, Direction de renseignements généraux, Ministry of Interior, 09/02/2013, CIV-OTP at 0292; Report, Commissariat de Police of 21st District to Head of Abobo Police District, 07/02/11, CIV-OTP at 1287 and 1288; Memo CPI, documents compiled by Géraldine ODEHOURI-BROU, legal advisor of Laurent GBAGBO, CIV-OTP at Defence witness statement, Alain DOGOU, CIV-D , at Daily information report, Head of Abobo Police District to Prefet de Police d Abidjan, 21/02/11, CIV- OTP at Interview transcript, P-0010, CIV-OTP R01 at 107, lines and at 0108, lines UNOCI, Twenty-seventh progress report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Operation in Côte d'lvoire, 30/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0020, para. 45; News article, Côte d Ivoire: le commando invisible donne son bilan des affrontements à Abobo, 23/02/2011, CIV-OTP at 0277; Rapport de la Commission d enquête internationale indépendante sur la Cote d Ivoire, CIV-OTP at 0584, para. 50; News article, Le Nouveau Réveil, undated, CIV-OTP at Memo CPI, documents compiled by Géraldine ODEHOURI-BROU, legal advisor of Laurent GBAGBO, CIV-OTP at

25 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT On 28 February 2011, the Forces armées des Forces nouvelles (FAFN) killed a Minister of Interior official at a crossroad in Abobo. 155 On 5 March 2011, members of the Commando Invisible took three people as prisoners when they were trying to pass with arms a checkpoint in Anonkoua- Kouté, a sub-neighbourhood of Abobo. The prisoners were taken to a higher level commander. They were questioned and then killed. 156 On the night of 5 to 6 March 2011, the Commando Invisible attacked the RTI antenna situated in Abobo. The equipment was destroyed and at least two civilians were killed on the occasion of that attack. 157 On the night of 6 to 7 March 2011, the Commando Invisible attacked the sub-neighbourhood of Anonkoua-Kouté armed with Kalashnikovs, rocketpropelled grenades (RPG), machetes, pistols, and inflammable liquid. Anonkoua-Kouté is located in the south of Avocatier and South-East of PK 18, in Abobo. Anonkoua-Kouté was mainly inhabited by individuals belonging to the Ebrié ethnic group who were considered as GBAGBO s supporters. At least nine civilians were killed, some others wounded and property was destructed. As a result of the attack, the majority of the inhabitants fled the village. 158 On 8 March 2011, following a women s demonstration in Treichville, there was a clash between the Compagnie Républicaine de Sécurité (CRS) and the Commando Invisible. The Commando Invisible appeared with an armoured vehicle mounted with a submachine gun Defence witness statement, Alain DOGOU, CIV-D , at Human Rights Watch Report: They Killed Them Like It Was Nothing, CIV-OTP at 0133 and Defence witness statement, Alain DOGOU, CIV-D , at 1589; Interview transcript, P- 0047, CIV-OTP R01 at 0259, line UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at 0681; 'Rapport de la Commission d'enquête internationale indépendante sur la Côte d'ivoire' dated 08/06/2011, CIV-OTP at 0584; Crimes et exactions que l'onuci ne voit pas, on-line news article, 20/06/2012, CIV-D ; Human Rights Watch Report: They Killed Them Like It Was Nothing, CIV-OTP at 0132; Nouveau Courrier, news article, Crimes contre l'humanité du commando invisible pro Ouattara, 01/06/2012, CIV-D ; RAPPORT D'ENQUETE SUR LES VIOLATIONS DES DROITS DE L'HOMMECOMMISES A L'OCCASION DE LA CRISE POSTELECTORALE, 16/07/2011, CIV-OTP , at 0574; Transcript of interview, P-0069, CIV- OTP R01 at 0213, line 87-92, and at 0214 line ; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV- OTP R01 at 0296, line ; Amnesty International, Ils ont regardé sa carte d'identité et l'ont abattu, retour sur six mois de violences post-électorales en Côte d'ivoire, May 2011, CIV-OTP at ONUCI Report, source identified as Lucien POUATI, 09/03/2011 (estimated), CIV -OTP , at 1616, para

26 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT On 11 March 2011, rebels killed one gendarme at the FILTISAC factory in Abobo and took four vehicles belonging to the company. 160 In mid-march 2011, 161 the Commando Invisible attempted to take control of Plateau-Dokoui. 162 On 12 March 2011, one police officer from the CRS1 was killed and one wounded when ambushed by rebels in Abobo. The attack took place near Gagnoa Gare. 163 In mid-march 2011, the Commando Invisible moved briefly towards Williamsville and Adjamé, took control of the area for several days but was soon pushed back to Abobo by the FDS. 164 On 14 March 2011 rebels fire shots at a position of the Garde Républicaine (GR) at the first bridge of Yopougon. 165 On 15 March 2011, the security situation in Abidjan further deteriorated. Sustained gun and heavy artillery fire were heard in several neighbourhoods in Abidjan during what were believed to be clashes between FDS elements backed by militias and the Commando Invisible, on the one hand, and between FDS elements and RHDP supporters on the other. 166 The day before the shelling of Abobo market, the Commando Invisible attacked again the RTI antenna in Abobo. The guard and his nephew were burnt alive. The place was ransacked. 167 On 18 March 2011, the Commando Invisible killed four FDS elements when they were leaving their post at the MACA Fax, Prefet de Police of Abidjan to the Ministry of Interior, 11/03/11, CIV-OTP at 0209, 0210; Chronologie des faits saillants de la semaine du lundi 07 au dimanche 13 mars 2011, Cabinet of the Direction générale de la police nationale, 16/03/11, CIV-OTP at Interview transcript P-0069, CIV-OTP , at 0301, line ONUCI report, 12/03/2011, CIV-OTP ; Interview transcript P-0069, CIV-OTP R01, at 0300, line Letter/report, Direction des Unités d Intervention to the Head of Public Security, 23/03/1, CIV-OTP at 0632, Witness statement, P-0369, CIV-OTP R01, at 1458, para District de Police de Yopougon, Lettre au Prefet de Police d Abidjan, 14/03/2011, CIV-OTP at 0216, UN report of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, CIV-OTP at 0604; Amnesty International Report They looked at his ID card and shot him dead, CIV-OTP at Interview transcript, P-0047, CIV-OTP R01, at 0259, lines Witness statement, P-0226, CIV-OTP R01, at 0169, para

27 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT On 21 March 2011, the Commando Invisible kidnapped two priests at PK 18, Abobo. 169 On 23 March 2011, at N Dotré, Abobo, members of the Commando Invisible killed two civilians. 170 On 24 March 2011 the Commando Invisible and the FDS were clashing at Dokui and Samaké, Abobo 171. On 25 March, the Commando Invisible attacked an armoured vehicle that was going to Camp Commando. They hit it with a RPG grenade. The vehicle made it to the Camp Commando but later that day the armoured vehicle and a tank went out of the camp and were attacked and burned by the Commando Invisible near the Samaké roundabout. 172 On 30 March 2011, the Commando Invisible moved from Abobo to the RTI in Cocody as it wanted to make a declaration on the television. The FDS intervened on that occasion and pushed them back ONUCI, call centre report, 21/03/2011, CIV-OTP , at UN Report, 'Rapport sur les violations des droits de l'homme commises dans le District d'abidjan, 01/05/2011 (estimated), CIV-OTP , at Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01 at 0556, para Witness statement, P-0189, CIV-OTP R01 at 0556 and 0557, para Transcribed statement, P-0069, CIV-OTP R01, at 0331, line

28 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT ANNEX 2: Abobo, Abidjan, Bases of Commando Invisible and Rebel Forces (December 2010 April 2011) [REDACTED] 27

29 ICC-02/11-01/ Anx6-Corr-Red /29 NM PT ANNEX 3: Abobo, Abidjan, Operations of Commando Invisible and Rebel Forces (December 2010 April 2011) 28