THE REVOLUTION AND THE CIVIL WAR IN SPAIN

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "THE REVOLUTION AND THE CIVIL WAR IN SPAIN"

Transcription

1 THE REVOLUTION AND THE CIVIL WAR IN SPAIN by Pierre Broue and Emile Temime Translated by Tony White Haymarket Books Chicago, Illinois

2 INTRODUCTION page 7 LIST OF INITIALS, GROUPS, AND POLITICAL PARTIES 17 PART 1 CHAPTER 1. OLIGARCHS AND REPUBLICANS 31 A country weighed down by its past. A semicolonial country. The structure of Spanish society. The agrarian question. The Church. The Spanish Army. The bourgeoisie. The Spanish aristocracy and the conservative parties. = Accion Popular. The military plot. The Falange. The Autonomist Republicans. The bourgeois Republicans. Spain and the labor movement. CHAPTER 2. THE LABOR MOVEMENT 54 The Anarchists. Bakunin's ideas. Anarcho- Syndicalism. The CNT-FAI. The Anarchist leaders: Durruti. The Socialists. The beginnings of the Socialist party. From reformism to revolution? Largo Caballero and the labor alliance. Indalecio Prieto. CNT and UGT. The Communists. The Stalinist Communists: the Spanish Communist party, the PSUC. and the JSU. The dissident Communists: The POUM. 19

3 CHAPTER 3. THE PROLOGUE TO THE REVOLUTION page 74 The electoral campaign: Right against Left. Result of the elections. The aftermath of the elections: the government. A revolutionary situation. Caballero's role. Prieto's efforts. Counterrevolutionary terrorism by the Falange. Preparations for the military uprising. The government's attitude. CHAPTER 4. PRONUNCIAMIENTO AND REVOLUTION 93 The building strike. The murder of Calvo Sotelo. The insurrection in Morocco. The Republican government and the uprising The Martinez Barrio government. The Movimiento: success and failure. A Movimiento victory: Andalusia. A Movimiento victory: Saragossa. An unexpected success: Oviedo. A setback for the soldiers: the Fleet. A Movimiento defeat: Barcelona. A setback for the Movimiento: Madrid. A setback for the Movimiento: Malaga. A setback for the Movimiento: the Basque provinces. In Valencia: the garrison does not revolt. The situation on the evening of 20 July. CHAPTER 5. DUAL POWER IN REPUBLICAN SPAIN 121 The power of the armed groups. Terror against the Catholic Church. The power of the Committees. The Antifascist Militias Committee in Catalonia. Origins. Composition and role. Conflict of power in Valencia. Other revolutionary governments. A special case: the Basque provinces. Outline for a new state apparatus. The militias. The power of the state. CHAPTER 6. THE REVOLUTIONARY GAINS 150 The problem of the Church. Industrial property. 20

4 Collectivization in the countryside. Collectivization and the problem of power. Efforts at economic control. Economics, politics, and war. CHAPTER 7. FROM REVOLUTION TO CIVIL WAR page 172 The balance of military power. The balance is upset. The Nationalist offensive. Threat to Madrid. The terror. CHAPTER 8. THE LIQUIDATION OF REVOLUTIONARY POWER 188 Committees and Soviets. The international context. The supporters of the restoration of the Republican state. The left-wing Socialists at the crossroads. The Anarchists faced with power. The formation of the Largo Caballero government. The dissolution of the Antifascist Militias Committee. Aragon's entry into Republican order. The Anarchists join the Central Government. A decisive political factor: Russian aid. CHAPTER 9. THE CABALLERO GOVERNMENT AND THE RESTORATION OF THE STATE 213 The government versus the Committees. Legal reform. The rebuilding of the police force. The militarization of the militias. The 'legalization' of the revolutionary gains. Retreat by the Anarchists. The Communist upsurge. Balance sheet of the Restoration. CHAPTER 10. MADRID: NO PASARAN! 241 A city to capture. The defence of Madrid: General Miaja and the Junta. The Junta's methods. The November fighting. Terror by air raid. The turning point. The battles of encirclement. The implications of Guadalajara. 21

5 CHAPTER ii. THE BREAK UP OF THE ANTIFASCIST COALITION page 265 External pressures: The problem of Morocco. Relations with the USSR. Right-wing opposition makes headway. The fall of Malaga: general coalition against Largo Caballero. The conflict between the CNT and the Communist party. Caballero versus the Communist party. The rise of the revolutionary opposition. An explosive situation. The Barcelona May Days. Significance of the May Days. Immediate consequences of the May Days. The fall of Largo Caballero. CHAPTER 12. THE NEGRlN GOVERNMENT AND THE LIQUIDATION OF THE OPPOSITION 296 Juan Negrin. The suppression of the POUM. The murder of Andres Nin. The dissolution of the Aragon Defense Council. The liquidation of the loyal opposition. The establishment of an apparatus for repression. The SIM. The Strong state. PART 2 CHAPTER 13. EUROPE AND THE WAR 321 The European balance and the Spanish Civil War. The recognition of the Nationalist government. The formation of the Axis. The French position. Nonintervention. The Nonintervention Committee. Plans for control. CHAPTER 14. GERMAN-ITALIAN INTERVENTION 345 Italian intervention. Participation by the Italians in military operations. Italian debts. German intervention. HISMA. German-Nationalist 22

6 mining agreements. Membership in the Anticomintern Pact. CHAPTER 15. RUSSIAN AID AND THE INTERNATIONAL BRIGADES page 366 Stalin's Russia and the Spanish Civil War. Initial neutrality. The turning point in autumn Material aid. Russian aid: men. The first international volunteers. The International Brigades. Recruitment of the brigades. The base at Albacete. Organization of the brigades. CHAPTER 16. THE CONQUEST OF THE NORTH 389 The Northern front. The campaign for Bilbao. The diversion: Brunete. The battle of Brunete. The campaign against Santander. Capitulation by the Basques. The end of Asturias. Belchite. CHAPTER 17. POLITICAL EVOLUTION IN NATIONALIST SPAIN 414 The men of the new regime. The Nationalist provisional government. General Franco. The single party. Political resistance. The Church's involvement. The new Nationalist faces. CHAPTER 18. THE ORGANIZATION OF THE NEW STATE 441 The maintenance of law and order. Purges and surveillance. The National-Syndicalist state. The principle of unity. The Church and the new state. The Church and education. Hispanidad. The Nationalist Army. CHAPTER 19. TERUEL, TURNING POINT OF THE WAR 462 Conditions for the offensive The battle of Teruel The Nationalist counteroffensive. The battle of Aragon. Generalization of the offensive. The dismissal of Prieto. 23

7 CHAPTER 20. THE ABANDONMENT OF THE REPUBLIC page 484 The Deutschland affair. Piracy in the Mediterranean. The triumph of Chamberlain's policy. France's final hesitations. The London Plan. The withdrawal of the volunteers. Munich and Spain: the Spaniards and the European crisis. Nationalist neutrality in the Czech crisis. CHAPTER a 1. THE BATTLE OF THE EBRO AND THE CAMPAIGN IN CATALONIA 504 The offensive: a political necessity. The crossing of the Ebro. The battle of attrition. Catalonia before the attack. The loss of Barcelona. The flight toward the frontier. The capitulation of Minorca. The Negrin government and the problem of peace. CHAPTER 22. THE CASADO JUNTA AND THE WINDING UP OF THE REPUBLIC 524 The Negrin government in France. The government's return to Spain. A new civil war? The Casado Junta. Failure of negotiations for an honorable peace. EPILOGUE 538 Exile. Spain after the war. PART 3 CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 548 BIBLIOGRAPHY 562 INDEX

CONTENTS. Publisher s preface 7 Chronology 11

CONTENTS. Publisher s preface 7 Chronology 11 CONTENTS Publisher s preface 7 Chronology 11 1. The civil war in Spain: Towards socialism or fascism? Introduction 17 1. The birth of the republic, 1931 19 2. The tasks of the bourgeois-democratic revolution

More information

Contents. Editors preface 11 Map of Spain 13 Chronology 15 Introduction by Les Evans 19. Part I: From monarchy to republic

Contents. Editors preface 11 Map of Spain 13 Chronology 15 Introduction by Les Evans 19. Part I: From monarchy to republic Contents Editors preface 11 Map of Spain 13 Chronology 15 Introduction by Les Evans 19 Part I: From monarchy to republic Preface 55 1. Tasks of the Spanish communists (May 25, 1930) 59 2. Spanish fascism

More information

A Brief History of the Spanish Civil War

A Brief History of the Spanish Civil War A Brief History of the Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War (1936-39), pitted the right wing Nationalists, who received support from Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, against the leftist Republicans,

More information

The Falange Espanola: Spanish Fascism

The Falange Espanola: Spanish Fascism Spanish Civil War The Falange Espanola: Spanish Fascism Fascism reared its ugly head. Similar to Nazi party and Italian Fascist party. Anti-parliamentary and sought one-party rule. Not racist but attached

More information

The legally-elected government was therefore able to mobilise resistance in many areas of the country, most significantly in the capital, Madrid.

The legally-elected government was therefore able to mobilise resistance in many areas of the country, most significantly in the capital, Madrid. BBC Homepage The Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War was waged between the Republicans and the Nationalists from July 1936 to April 1939. Here is a military and strategic overview of that conflict.

More information

Unit 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century. Social Studies ESO-4

Unit 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century. Social Studies ESO-4 Unit 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century Social Studies ESO-4 Introduction Alfonso XIII's constitutional reign (1902-1923) The Second Republic Bienio Reformista (1931-1933) Opposition to these

More information

The Republic and the Civil War in Spain

The Republic and the Civil War in Spain The Republic and the Civil War in Spain EDITED BY RAYMOND CARR Macmillan St Martin's Press Raymond Carr, Edward Malefakis, Richard Robinson, Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1971 Stanley

More information

Military coup. Main article: Spanish coup of July 1936

Military coup. Main article: Spanish coup of July 1936 The Spanish Civil War (The Crusade among Nationalists, Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans) was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April

More information

the sixteenth annual conference January 20-22, 2017

the sixteenth annual conference January 20-22, 2017 Spanish Civil War of 1936 VMUN 2017 Background Guide 1 VANCOUVER MODEL UNITED NATIONS the sixteenth annual conference January 20-22, 2017 Dear Delegates, Alvin Tsuei Secretary-General Chris Pang Chief

More information

SPANISH CIVIL WAR Background

SPANISH CIVIL WAR Background SPANISH CIVIL WAR Background Salvador Dali s Soft Construction with Beans (1936) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7aeg LZ3g http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6zjeou1cpk SPANISH CIVIL WAR IB IDENTIFIED TOPICS

More information

Spanish Civil War: Republicans Dossier. Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel

Spanish Civil War: Republicans Dossier. Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel Spanish Civil War: Republicans Dossier Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel Dear Delegates, It is an honor to invite you to the 21st Virginia International Crisis Simulation, the University

More information

John L. Tomkinson, Wars and Warfare. The Spanish Civil War. Athens: Anagnosis Books, Pp "I am responsible only to God and history.

John L. Tomkinson, Wars and Warfare. The Spanish Civil War. Athens: Anagnosis Books, Pp I am responsible only to God and history. John L. Tomkinson, Wars and Warfare. The Spanish Civil War. Athens: Anagnosis Books, 2005. Pp. 69-76. "I am responsible only to God and history. " (Francisco Franco) I. BACKGROUND A. The Republic 1. The

More information

BRPs TOLLS FOR THEE. Weather: Winters have a level of 4. Morocco and the Balearic Islands are not affected by the weather.

BRPs TOLLS FOR THEE. Weather: Winters have a level of 4. Morocco and the Balearic Islands are not affected by the weather. BRPs TOLLS FOR THEE Duration: Summer 1936 through Fall 1939, or until one of the two sides surrenders, whichever comes first. The nationalist player moves first. Location: A fascist coup d etat led by

More information

Answer these questions about the videos

Answer these questions about the videos II REPUBLIC Answer these questions about the videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbekxux an1q https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=46iv6dla MzU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dgpcsga zzjc VIDEO#1 1. What

More information

22. 2 Trotsky, Spanish Revolution, Les Evans, Introduction in Leon Trotsky, The Spanish Revolution ( ), New York, 1973,

22. 2 Trotsky, Spanish Revolution, Les Evans, Introduction in Leon Trotsky, The Spanish Revolution ( ), New York, 1973, The Spanish Revolution is one of the most politically charged and controversial events to have occurred in the twentieth century. As such, the political orientation of historians studying the issue largely

More information

CAUSES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR CAUSES DEALT WITH IN PREVIOUS UNITS. a) The Treaty of Versailles

CAUSES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR CAUSES DEALT WITH IN PREVIOUS UNITS. a) The Treaty of Versailles A Rehearsal for WW2 CAUSES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR CAUSES DEALT WITH IN PREVIOUS UNITS a) The Treaty of Versailles A.J.P Taylor has been quoted saying that the Treaty of Versailles caused the second world

More information

The Spanish Civil War: factions, fault lines and civil war

The Spanish Civil War: factions, fault lines and civil war 4 * Causes, practices, and effects of wars The Spanish Civil War: factions, fault lines and civil war The Spanish Civil War, 1936-9, fought between forces loyal to the elected government (Loyalists) and

More information

Topic Page: Civil War, Spain ( )

Topic Page: Civil War, Spain ( ) Topic Page: Civil War, Spain (1936-1939) Definition: Spanish Civil War from Collins English Dictionary n 1 the civil war in Spain from 1936 to 1939 in which insurgent nationalists, led by General Franco,

More information

Reviewed by Robert Whealey (Department of History, Ohio University) Published on H-Diplo (March, 2002)

Reviewed by Robert Whealey (Department of History, Ohio University) Published on H-Diplo (March, 2002) Ronald Radosh Sevostianov, Mary R. Habeck, eds. Grigory. Spain Betrayed: The Soviet Union in the Spanish Civil War. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2001. xxx + 537 pp. $35.00 (cloth), ISBN

More information

Spanish Civil War

Spanish Civil War Chapter 2 Spanish Civil War 1936 9 The Spanish Civil War 1936 9 was a struggle between the forces of the political left and the political right in Spain. The forces of the left were a disparate group led

More information

AGGRESSORS INVADE NATIONS SECTION 4, CH 15

AGGRESSORS INVADE NATIONS SECTION 4, CH 15 AGGRESSORS INVADE NATIONS SECTION 4, CH 15 VOCAB TO KNOW... APPEASEMENT GIVING IN TO AN AGGRESSOR TO KEEP PEACE PUPPET GOVERNMENT - A STATE THAT IS SUPPOSEDLY INDEPENDENT BUT IS IN FACT DEPENDENT UPON

More information

Revolution. Anarchism in Action. The Spanish

Revolution. Anarchism in Action. The Spanish The following pamphlet is a short introduction to the Spanish revolution of 1936-39. However, to do this it has been necessary to give a brief account of the history of the Spanish labour movement before

More information

Interwar Crises: The Case of Spain s Civil War

Interwar Crises: The Case of Spain s Civil War Disclaimer: This is a machine generated PDF of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace original scanned PDF.

More information

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Age of Napoleon

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The Age of Napoleon The Age of Napoleon Objectives Understand Napoleon s rise to power and why the French strongly supported him. Explain how Napoleon built an empire and what challenges the empire faced. Analyze the events

More information

Essential Histories. The Spanish Civil War

Essential Histories. The Spanish Civil War Essential Histories The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Essential Histories The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 Frances Lannon OSPREY PUBLISHING First published in Great Britain in 2002 by Osprey Publishing, Elms

More information

1936: Spain - Stalinism and the Spanish Civil War

1936: Spain - Stalinism and the Spanish Civil War Published on League for the Fifth International (http://www.fifthinternational.org) Home > Analysis by Country > Europe > Spain > Printer-friendly PDF 1936: Spain - Stalinism and the Spanish Civil War

More information

Appendix : Anarchism and Marxism

Appendix : Anarchism and Marxism Appendix : Anarchism and Marxism This appendix exists to refute some of the many anti-anarchist diatribes produced by Marxists. While we have covered why anarchists oppose Marxism in section H, we thought

More information

Soviet Stooge or Spanish Socialist? The Political Ideology of Juan Negrín

Soviet Stooge or Spanish Socialist? The Political Ideology of Juan Negrín Soviet Stooge or Spanish Socialist? Voces Novae: Chapman University Historical Review, Vol 1, No 1 (2009) HOME ABOUT LOGIN REGISTER SEARCH CURRENT ARCHIVES PHI ALPHA THETA Home > Vol 1, No 1 (2009) > Jones

More information

The Rise of Dictators. The totalitarian states did away with individual freedoms.

The Rise of Dictators. The totalitarian states did away with individual freedoms. The Rise of Dictators The totalitarian states did away with individual freedoms. The Rise of Dictators (cont.) Many European nations became totalitarian states in which governments controlled the political,

More information

Lessons of People's War in Spain

Lessons of People's War in Spain Lessons of People's War in Spain 1936-1939 Progressive Labor, Vol. 9, No. 5 (Oct.-Nov. 1974), 106-116. http://www.plp.org/ The Spanish Civil War was the opening act of the Second World War in Europe. It

More information

Anti-Imperialist Struggles

Anti-Imperialist Struggles The Anarchist Library Anti-Copyright Anti-Imperialist Struggles Workers Solidarity Federation Workers Solidarity Federation Anti-Imperialist Struggles Retrieved on January 1, 2005 from www.cat.org.au theanarchistlibrary.org

More information

Edward Conlon The Spanish Civil War: Anarchism in Action

Edward Conlon The Spanish Civil War: Anarchism in Action Edward Conlon The Spanish Civil War: Anarchism in Action The Anarchist Library Contents Rebellion and Resistance 4 Land................................... 4 Boom.................................. 4 The

More information

UNIT Y219 RUSSIA

UNIT Y219 RUSSIA UNIT Y219 RUSSIA 1894-1941 NOTE: BASED ON 2X 50 MINUTE LESSONS PER WEEK TERMS BASED ON 6 TERM YEAR. Key Topic Term Week Number Indicative Content Extended Content Resources The rule of Tsar Nicholas II

More information

s Lesson: The Spanish Civil War Lesson Developer: Dr (Mrs) Meena Bharadvaja College/ Department : Ram Lal Anand College (Morning), University of Delhi

s Lesson: The Spanish Civil War Lesson Developer: Dr (Mrs) Meena Bharadvaja College/ Department : Ram Lal Anand College (Morning), University of Delhi s Lesson: Lesson Developer: Dr (Mrs) Meena Bharadvaja College/ Department : Ram Lal Anand College (Morning), University of Delhi 1 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2. Geography of Spain 3. Socio-Economic

More information

Spanish Civil War: Republicans Background Guide. Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel

Spanish Civil War: Republicans Background Guide. Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel Spanish Civil War: Republicans Background Guide Chair: Zachary Diamond Crisis Director: Pascal Hensel Dear Delegates, It is an honor to invite you to the 21st Virginia International Crisis Simulation,

More information

RESIDENTIAL MARKET IN SPAIN

RESIDENTIAL MARKET IN SPAIN RESIDENTIAL MARKET IN SPAIN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Third quarter 2016 The main indicators of the residential market in Spain confirm the consolidation of the sector's growth in 2016, along the same lines as

More information

AMERICA AND THE WORLD. Chapter 13 Section 1 US History

AMERICA AND THE WORLD. Chapter 13 Section 1 US History AMERICA AND THE WORLD Chapter 13 Section 1 US History AMERICA AND THE WORLD THE RISE OF DICTATORS MAIN IDEA Dictators took control of the governments of Italy, the Soviet Union, Germany, and Japan End

More information

Chapter 15. Years of Crisis

Chapter 15. Years of Crisis Chapter 15 Years of Crisis Section 2 A Worldwide Depression Setting the Stage European nations were rebuilding U.S. gave loans to help Unstable New Democracies A large number of political parties made

More information

BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II,

BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II, BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II, 1919-1939 SSWH17 The student will be able to identify the major political and economic factors that shaped world societies between World War I and World War II. a.

More information

A Danish Trotskyist in the Spanish Civil War

A Danish Trotskyist in the Spanish Civil War A Danish Trotskyist in the Spanish Civil War Åge Kjelsø This piece was first published in 1977 in issue No.17 of the Danish magazine Hug! The translation is by Mike Jones, who contributes the following

More information

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II HISTORY 12 CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II Pacific and Europe NOTES Ben Lepore October 25, 2017(V2) 2 Causes of World War II in the Pacific Japan and China China Chiang Kai-shek and the Kuomintang 1927 General

More information

Fascism is Alive and Well in Spain The Case of Judge Garzon

Fascism is Alive and Well in Spain The Case of Judge Garzon February 22, 2010 Fascism is Alive and Well in Spain The Case of Judge Garzon By VINCENT NAVARRO Barcelona The fascist regime led by General Franco was one of the most repressive regimes in Europe in the

More information

The Spanish Revolution of 1936

The Spanish Revolution of 1936 The Anarchist Library Anti-Copyright The Spanish Revolution of 1936 Archival documents vs. the myths of the historians Vadim V. Damier 2016 Vadim V. Damier The Spanish Revolution of 1936 Archival documents

More information

Hollow Times. 1. Olivia Gregory. 2. Lexi Reese. 3. Heavenly Naluz. 4. Isabel Lomeli. 5. Gurneet Randhawa. 6. G.A.P period 6 7.

Hollow Times. 1. Olivia Gregory. 2. Lexi Reese. 3. Heavenly Naluz. 4. Isabel Lomeli. 5. Gurneet Randhawa. 6. G.A.P period 6 7. Hollow Times World War II was tough but there is no 1. Olivia Gregory 2. Lexi Reese 3. Heavenly Naluz 4. Isabel Lomeli 5. Gurneet Randhawa 6. G.A.P period 6 7. 11/18 Rise of Dictators: Eurasia (Heavenly

More information

History of the Baltic States: From Independence to Independence the 20 th century Part II

History of the Baltic States: From Independence to Independence the 20 th century Part II History of the Baltic States: From Independence to Independence the 20 th century Part II Lecturer: Tõnis Saarts Institute of Political Science and Public Administration Spring 2009 First Soviet Year In

More information

The 11 most ignificant battl Second World War

The 11 most ignificant battl Second World War historyextra.com The 11 most ignificant battl Second World War of the 9-11 minutes A 'battle' is defined here as an event occurring in a particular place and over a relatively short time-span; the shortest

More information

*Agricultural Revolution Came First. Working Class Political Movement

*Agricultural Revolution Came First. Working Class Political Movement 1848-1914 *Agricultural Revolution Came First. 1. Great Britain led the Way 2. Migration from Rural to Urban (Poor Living Conditions) 3. Proletarianization of the Workforce (Poor Working Conditions) 4.

More information

Fascism is a nationalistic political philosophy which is anti-democratic, anticommunist, and anti-liberal. It puts the importance of the nation above

Fascism is a nationalistic political philosophy which is anti-democratic, anticommunist, and anti-liberal. It puts the importance of the nation above 1939-1945 Fascism is a nationalistic political philosophy which is anti-democratic, anticommunist, and anti-liberal. It puts the importance of the nation above the rights of the individual. The word Fascism

More information

UNIT 4. 19TH CENTURY SPAIN

UNIT 4. 19TH CENTURY SPAIN UNIT 4. 19TH CENTURY SPAIN INDEX 4.1 War and liberal revolution (1808-1814) 4.2 The reign of Ferdinand VII (1814-1833) 4.3 The Carlist War and the building of the liberal state under Isabella II (1833-1868)

More information

Reading Essentials and Study Guide

Reading Essentials and Study Guide Lesson 4 The Fall of Napoleon and the European Reaction ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What causes revolution? How does revolution change society? Reading HELPDESK Academic Vocabulary civil involving the general

More information

Ch. 6.3 Radical Period of the French Revolution. leader of the Committee of Public Safety; chief architect of the Reign of Terror

Ch. 6.3 Radical Period of the French Revolution. leader of the Committee of Public Safety; chief architect of the Reign of Terror the right to vote Ch. 6.3 Radical Period of the French Revolution leader of the Committee of Public Safety; chief architect of the Reign of Terror period from September 1793 to July 1794 when those who

More information

Why did revolution occur in Russia in March 1917? Why did Lenin and the Bolsheviks launch the November revolution?

Why did revolution occur in Russia in March 1917? Why did Lenin and the Bolsheviks launch the November revolution? Two Revolutions 1 in Russia Why did revolution occur in Russia in March 1917? Why did Lenin and the Bolsheviks launch the November revolution? How did the Communists defeat their opponents in Russia s

More information

THE SPANISH COMMUNIST PARTY A EUROCOMMUNIST ENIGMA. Craig Arnold McElroy

THE SPANISH COMMUNIST PARTY A EUROCOMMUNIST ENIGMA. Craig Arnold McElroy THE SPANISH COMMUNIST PARTY A EUROCOMMUNIST ENIGMA Craig Arnold McElroy NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOO Monterey, California THESIS THE SPANISH COMMUNIST PARTY A EUROCOMMUNIST ENIGMA by Craig Arnold McElroy

More information

What Happened in the Spanish Civil War?

What Happened in the Spanish Civil War? What Happened in the Spanish Civil War? Jim Creegan O N 19 JULY 2006 Counterpunch launched an occasional series commemorating the 70th anniversary of the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, fittingly dedicated

More information

Write the letter of the description that does NOT match the name or term.

Write the letter of the description that does NOT match the name or term. Page 1 Write the letter of the description that does NOT match the name or term. 1. Joseph Stalin a. totalitarian b. Communist c. launched a massive drive to collectivize agriculture d. entered into a

More information

IB Grade IA = 20% Paper 1 = 20% Paper 2 = 25% Paper 3 = 35%

IB Grade IA = 20% Paper 1 = 20% Paper 2 = 25% Paper 3 = 35% IB Grade IA = 20% Paper 1 = 20% Paper 2 = 25% Paper 3 = 35% Grade 11 Major Topic Canadian History Canada to 1867 (founding peoples, confederation and nature of BNA) History of Manitoba and the Northwest

More information

Unit 3: Spanish Civil War

Unit 3: Spanish Civil War Unit 3: Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 What will we cover in this unit Long-term causes of the Spanish civil war Short-term causes of the Spanish civil war What occurred during the Spanish Civil War The effects

More information

In a House, But Not a Home: Spanish Republican Exiles Find Refuge in Mexico The Question of Memory and Identity for Republican Refugees

In a House, But Not a Home: Spanish Republican Exiles Find Refuge in Mexico The Question of Memory and Identity for Republican Refugees Syracuse University SURFACE Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Syracuse University Honors Program Capstone Projects Spring 5-1-2014 In a House, But Not a Home: Spanish Republican Exiles

More information

SSWH18: EXAMINE THE MAJOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS THAT SHAPED WORLD SOCIEITES BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II

SSWH18: EXAMINE THE MAJOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS THAT SHAPED WORLD SOCIEITES BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II SSWH18: EXAMINE THE MAJOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS THAT SHAPED WORLD SOCIEITES BETWEEN WORLD WAR I AND WORLD WAR II Element D: Explain the aggression of conflict leading to WWII in Europe and Asia;

More information

APEH Chapter 18.notebook February 09, 2015

APEH Chapter 18.notebook February 09, 2015 Russia Russia finally began industrializing in the 1880s and 1890s. Russia imposed high tariffs, and the state attracted foreign investors and sold bonds to build factories, railroads, and mines. The Trans

More information

AP European History Chapter 29: Dictatorships and the Second World War

AP European History Chapter 29: Dictatorships and the Second World War AP European History Chapter 29: Dictatorships and the Second World War Name: Period: Complete the graphic organizer as you read Chapter 29. DO NOT simply hunt for the answers; doing so will leave holes

More information

Chapter 17 WS - Dr. Larson - Summer School

Chapter 17 WS - Dr. Larson - Summer School Name: Class: _ Date: _ Chapter 17 WS - Dr. Larson - Summer School Matching IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES Match each name with his or her description below. You will not use all the names. a.

More information

AP European History. -Russian politics and the liberalist movement -parallel developments in. Thursday, August 21, 2003 Page 1 of 21

AP European History. -Russian politics and the liberalist movement -parallel developments in. Thursday, August 21, 2003 Page 1 of 21 Instructional Unit Consolidation of Large Nation States -concept of a nation-state The students will be -define the concept of a -class discussion 8.1.2.A,B,C,D -Mazzini, Garibaldi and Cavour able to define

More information

Heart of the Anarchist Soldiers and Anarcho-Syndicalism During the Spanish Civil War

Heart of the Anarchist Soldiers and Anarcho-Syndicalism During the Spanish Civil War Buenaventura Durruti Heart of the Anarchist Soldiers and Anarcho-Syndicalism During the Spanish Civil War (1896-1936) Description : On the 15 Durruti arrived with a force of 1800 men to reinforce the defense

More information

Two Anniversaries BY JOSE DIAZ

Two Anniversaries BY JOSE DIAZ Communist International Dec. (12), 1937, pp. 986-991 Two Anniversaries BY JOSE DIAZ The twentieth anniversary of the great October Socialist Revolution in the U.S.S.R. coincides with the first anniversary

More information

Nationalism. Chapter 8

Nationalism. Chapter 8 Nationalism Chapter 8 Latin American Revolutions Haiti Slave revolt 1791 Toussaint L Ouverture Dessalines 1804 Independence Latin American Revolutions Rigid Social Structure Peninsular Creole Mestizo Indian

More information

Modern Civilization Reading Guide Chapter 3.4 The Age of Napoleon. / 100 Points. 1. Where was Napoleon born? 2. What career did Napoleon train for?

Modern Civilization Reading Guide Chapter 3.4 The Age of Napoleon. / 100 Points. 1. Where was Napoleon born? 2. What career did Napoleon train for? Modern Civilization Reading Guide Chapter 3.4 The Age of Napoleon Name Date Period / 100 Points 1. Where was Napoleon born? 2. What career did Napoleon train for? 3. What did Napoleon do to disrupt British

More information

The Spanish Revolution Pierre Broué

The Spanish Revolution Pierre Broué The Spanish Revolution 1931-1939 Pierre Broué Preface The history of the first years of the Spanish revolution, after the fall of the Monarchy, has been overshadowed by the civil war, and then by the Second

More information

The Spanish Political System

The Spanish Political System POL 3107 COMPARATIVE GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS The Spanish Political System Dr. Miguel A. Martínez City University of Hong Kong FROM DICTATORSHIP TO DEMOCRACY: REGIME CHANGE AND INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN General

More information

LENIN'S FIGHT AGAINST REVISIONISM AND OPPORTUNISM

LENIN'S FIGHT AGAINST REVISIONISM AND OPPORTUNISM mem LENIN'S FIGHT AGAINST REVISIONISM AND OPPORTUNISM Compiled by CHENG YEN-SHIH FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESS PEKING 1965 CONTENTS PREFACE 1 1. REPUDIATING ECONOMISM AND BERNSTEINISM 9 The Strategic Revolutionary

More information

Reading Essentials and Study Guide

Reading Essentials and Study Guide Chapter 12, Section 2 For use with textbook pages 371 376 REACTION AND REVOLUTION KEY TERMS conservatism a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability (page 372) principle of intervention

More information

4/1/2019. World War II. Causes of the war. What is ideology? What is propaganda?

4/1/2019. World War II. Causes of the war. What is ideology? What is propaganda? World War II Causes of the war What is ideology? What is propaganda? 1 A dictator is? What is a totalitarian government? What is a totalitarian dictator? 2 Post-WW1 Problems Treaty of Versailles Rebuilding

More information

Appeasement PEACE IN OUR TIME!

Appeasement PEACE IN OUR TIME! Appeasement PEACE IN OUR TIME! Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of Great Britain prior to the outbreak of World War II, proclaimed these words in 1939 after the Munich Conference in which he, meeting

More information

In Your Notebook-- What do you remember about the causes of the Russian Revolution? What were the revolutionaries trying to achieve?

In Your Notebook-- What do you remember about the causes of the Russian Revolution? What were the revolutionaries trying to achieve? In Your Notebook-- What do you remember about the causes of the Russian Revolution? What were the revolutionaries trying to achieve? What were some of the major events of the revolution itself? What results

More information

1.1 Long-term Causes Failings in the Political System Divisions over the Position of the Catholic Church Social Divisions 3

1.1 Long-term Causes Failings in the Political System Divisions over the Position of the Catholic Church Social Divisions 3 Preface PREFACE I have taught History for the past 30 years in independent schools in the UK, including teaching the IB for 23 years at Malvern College, as well as teaching on OSC Easter and Summer Revision

More information

Power and the Cold War era

Power and the Cold War era Student activity: Annotate this diagram with the different types of power for each period of time. 1918 1990 1800 1945 2009 www.teachitgeography.co.uk 2017 30203 Page 1 of 5 Student activity: Look at the

More information

REGIONALISM, THE CLASS STRUGGLE, THE HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT OF SPAIN AND SOCIALISM. J POSADAS 7 March 1978

REGIONALISM, THE CLASS STRUGGLE, THE HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT OF SPAIN AND SOCIALISM. J POSADAS 7 March 1978 REGIONALISM, THE CLASS STRUGGLE, THE HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT OF SPAIN AND SOCIALISM J POSADAS 7 March 1978 Regionalism is a sentiment that the bourgeoisie transmits to keep its dominion over the masses. In

More information

The Rise Of Dictators In Europe

The Rise Of Dictators In Europe The Rise Of Dictators In Europe WWI disillusioned many Americans about further international involvement. The U.S. was in a major depression throughout the 1930s and was mostly concerned with its own problems.

More information

The Napoleonic Era

The Napoleonic Era The Napoleonic Era 1799-1815 1796-1799 Gained popularity during the French Revolution as a military hero November 1799 Napoleon overthrows Directory in 1799 which is called the Brumaire Coup Directory

More information

Residential market in Spain

Residential market in Spain Residential market in Spain SERVIHABITAT TRENDS Executive Summary Second half of 2017 The Spanish residential market has experienced a clear consolidation in 2017, as proven by the variables of the sector.

More information

World War II: The Road to War ( )

World War II: The Road to War ( ) America: Pathways to the Present Chapter 17 World War II: The Road to War (1931 1941) Copyright 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. All rights

More information

Spain in the Struggle Against Fascism

Spain in the Struggle Against Fascism Communist International Nov. (11), 1936, pp. 1418-1438 Spain in the Struggle Against Fascism For almost three months the Spanish people have been carrying on a heroic struggle against the fascist insurgents.

More information

The French Revolution THE EUROPEAN MOMENT ( )

The French Revolution THE EUROPEAN MOMENT ( ) The French Revolution THE EUROPEAN MOMENT (1750 1900) Quick Video 1 The French Revolution In a Nutshell Below is a YouTube link to a very short, but very helpful introduction to the French Revolution.

More information

The Rise of Dictators Ch 23-1

The Rise of Dictators Ch 23-1 The Rise of Dictators Ch 23-1 The Main Idea The shattering effects of World War I helped set the stage for a new, aggressive type of leader in Europe and Asia. Content Statement/Learning Goal Analyze the

More information

There are lots of pages written on the Italian Resistenza. We will focus on two crucial representatives of the war of Liberation: Ferruccio Parri and

There are lots of pages written on the Italian Resistenza. We will focus on two crucial representatives of the war of Liberation: Ferruccio Parri and There are lots of pages written on the Italian Resistenza. We will focus on two crucial representatives of the war of Liberation: Ferruccio Parri and Palmiro Togliatti. They had different life and political

More information

GRADE 10 5/31/02 WHEN THIS WAS TAUGHT: MAIN/GENERAL TOPIC: WHAT THE STUDENTS WILL KNOW OR BE ABLE TO DO: COMMENTS:

GRADE 10 5/31/02 WHEN THIS WAS TAUGHT: MAIN/GENERAL TOPIC: WHAT THE STUDENTS WILL KNOW OR BE ABLE TO DO: COMMENTS: 1 SUB- Age of Revolutions (1750-1914) Continued from Global I Economic and Social Revolutions: Agrarian and Industrial Revolutions Responses to industrialism (Karl Marx) Socialism Explain why the Industrial

More information

Topic outline The Founding of the People s Republic of China

Topic outline The Founding of the People s Republic of China www.xtremepapers.com Topic outline The Founding of the People s Republic of China Overview This topic outline is intended to offer useful additional material to that which is provided in the Cambridge

More information

Specific Curriculum Outcomes

Specific Curriculum Outcomes Specific Curriculum Outcomes 1.1 The student will be expected to draw upon primary and/or secondary sources to demonstrate an understanding of the causes of World War I. 1.1.1 Define: imperialism, nationalism,

More information

On your own paper create the following layout LEADER PROBLEMS MAJOR REFORMS

On your own paper create the following layout LEADER PROBLEMS MAJOR REFORMS On your own paper create the following layout LEADER PROBLEMS MAJOR REFORMS EXAMPLES OF TOTALITARIAN RULE Joseph Stalin Benito Mussolini Adolph Hitler Hideki Tojo Francisco Franco Rise of Totalitarianism

More information

UNIT 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century

UNIT 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century UNIT 16 Spain at the Beginning of the 20 th Century o Introduction o Alfonso XIII's constitutional reign (1902-1923) o The Second Republic o Bienio Reformista (1931-1933) o Opposition to these reforms

More information

Ch 19-1 Postwar Havoc

Ch 19-1 Postwar Havoc Ch 19-1 Postwar Havoc The Main Idea Although the end of World War I brought peace, it did not ease the minds of many Americans, who found much to fear in postwar years. Content Statement 12/Learning Goal

More information

It ends up going through a multitude of fronts, for months. Remember which was the hardest and most complex to overcome?

It ends up going through a multitude of fronts, for months. Remember which was the hardest and most complex to overcome? With almost a century of life, it has words, looks, gestures and the lucidity of those who have seen up close the greatness and misery of the human being. Virgilio Fernández del Real (Larache, 1918) is

More information

The Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In the month of July in 1936, three Spanish generals lead a revolt against the

The Abraham Lincoln Brigade. In the month of July in 1936, three Spanish generals lead a revolt against the Marin-Burgos 1 Carlos Marin Burgos ENG 102 Professor Kline 14 November 2007 The Abraham Lincoln Brigade In the month of July in 1936, three Spanish generals lead a revolt against the democratically elected

More information

Reading Essentials and Study Guide

Reading Essentials and Study Guide Lesson 3 The Rise of Napoleon and the Napoleonic Wars ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What causes revolution? How does revolution change society? Reading HELPDESK Academic Vocabulary capable having or showing ability

More information

Spineless Democracies? Appeasement

Spineless Democracies? Appeasement Spineless Democracies? Appeasement Italian War The year is 1935, and Mussolini wants to re-establish the glories of Rome, and hopes to use the invasion of Ethiopia to help prove Italian military might.

More information

In this 1938 event, the Nazis attacked Jewish synagogues and businesses and beat up and arrested many Jews.

In this 1938 event, the Nazis attacked Jewish synagogues and businesses and beat up and arrested many Jews. 1 In this 1938 event, the Nazis attacked Jewish synagogues and businesses and beat up and arrested many Jews. 1 Kristallnacht ( Night of Broken Glass ) 2 This 1934 event resulted in Hitler s destruction

More information

Unit 5. Canada and World War II

Unit 5. Canada and World War II Unit 5 Canada and World War II There were 5 main causes of World War II Leadup to War 1. The Failure of the League of Nations The Failure of the League of Nations League was founded by the winners of WWI

More information

15-3: Fascism Rises in Europe 15-4: Aggressors Invade Nations

15-3: Fascism Rises in Europe 15-4: Aggressors Invade Nations 15-3: Fascism Rises in Europe 15-4: Aggressors Invade Nations E S S E N T I A L Q U E S T I O N : W H Y D I D I T A L Y A N D G E R M A N Y T U R N T O T O T A L I T A R I A N D I C T A T O R S? Totalitarian

More information

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Unification of Italy

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Unification of Italy Unification of Italy Objectives List the key obstacles to Italian unity. Understand the roles Count Camillo Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi played in the struggle for Italy. Describe the challenges that

More information

T H E I N T E R N A T I O N A L L Y O N M O D E L U N I T E D N A T I O N S R E S E A R C H R E P O R T

T H E I N T E R N A T I O N A L L Y O N M O D E L U N I T E D N A T I O N S R E S E A R C H R E P O R T NOTE: THE DATE IS THE 1 ST OF APRIL, 1936 FORUM: Historical Security Council ISSUE: The Invasion of Abyssinia STUDENT OFFICER: Helen MBA-ALLO and Sandrine PUSCH INTRODUCTION Please keep in mind that the

More information