Thursday, 9/28. Legalism & Confucianism notes Five Key Relationships according to you. Reminder: Unit 2 test in one week

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1 IHS Policy Scenario

2 Thursday, 9/28 Legalism & Confucianism notes Five Key Relationships according to you Reminder: Unit 2 test in one week

3 Learning Target I can describe the basics of Legalism & Confucianism in writing. Study Guide #14-15, 8-10

4 Legalism Political philosophy Excessive adherence to law or formula Dependence on moral law rather than on personal religious faith Founded about 2200 Years ago during Warring States Period in China

5 Legalism - Founder Han Feizi Chinese political philosopher Most important mind in Chinese legalism Nature of man is evil. His goodness is acquired.

6 Legalism - Texts & Goal Han Feizi (Book) To achieve order pass strict laws & impose harsh punishments POWER is revered strength is a leader s greatest virtue Popular among feudal lords and the Qin dynasty, whom many believe fell from power because of their cruel behavior

7 Legalism Affects Life Sacrifice Personal freedom good of state Fearful of rulers weakness of Qin Believed that every aspect of human society ought to be controlled and personal freedom should be sacrificed for the good of the state

8 Happy Birthday, Confucius! Beijing Opening Ceremony: Confucianism (25:05-32:00)

9 DAY 3: CONFUCIANISM

10 Keep in mind: Whose authority do you directly answer to? Who answers to your authority? Who should have the most authority in a society?

11 Confucianism Today China, Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Vietnam: share a Confucian philosophical world view

12 Confucianism A political and social philosophy seeking social harmony on all levels: Within the self the family the community...the state the nation the world the cosmos Learning from the past to improve the future hierarchical society to ensure social order

13 Confucianism - Founder Kung-Fu-tzu (Confucius) Master Kung The greatest teacher who ever lived Confucianism starts about 2500 years ago in China Meng-Tzu (Mencius) (4 th century) continues to develop teachings of Confucius

14 Confucianism - Texts The Five Classics (of the past): I-Ching The Book of History The Book of Poems The Spring and Autumn Annals The Book of Rituals The Four Books (Confucian) Analects Doctrine of the Mean The Great Learning The Book of Mencius

15 Ultimate Goal To provide HARMONY IN SOCIETY & To develop one s Jen (Human Heartedness - the innate goodness of humanity) Jen is developed through intentionally living by Confucian virtues

16 More Confucian Virtues Rectification of names a person or thing should be true to its name Shu (Reciprocity) the Golden Rule Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you Li (rites, ritual) the inherent pattern in behaviors For Confucius, Li is especially significant in a social context propriety or etiquette, the pattern of humane behavior

17 Confucian Virtues Respect for the five constant/key relationships: Ruler & Subject Parent & child Husband & wife Older & younger sibling Friend & Friend Filial Piety (respect for elders) is the most important duty

18 Confucianism Affects Society Part of the Social Structure Government leaders should lead by virtue lead a virtuous life thus becoming an example for people

19 Confucianism as a Religion? Confucian Temples honoring Confucius, but it would be considered non-theistic Combined with Chinese folk religions Veneration of the ancestors ancestor worship Rituals within the household the village the state the nation

20 Five Key Relationships according to you Complete the half sheet of paper by describing what you think the Five Key Relationships are or should be in society

21 1 relationship multiple people shared 1 totally unique relationship someone had

22

23 Lead the people by laws and regulate them by punishments and the people will simply try to keep out of jail, but will have no sense of shame. Lead the people by virtue and they will have a sense of shame and moreover will become good. Do we live in a world like that? If you come to a stop sign in the middle of the desert and no one is coming and there is no sign of a police officer, do you stop?

24 Confucianism vs. Legalism at IHS How would IHS change to become a representation of a Confucian state? How would IHS change to become a representation of a Legalist state?

25 Who said it: Confucius (1), Lao Tzu (2), or Buddha (3)? Respect yourself and others will respect you. Confucius Holding on to anger is like grasping a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else; you are the one who gets burned. Buddha Everything has its beauty but not everyone sees it. Confucius A good traveler has no fixed plans and is not intent on arriving. Lao Tzu The best fighter is never angry. Lao Tzu Just as a snake sheds its skin, we must shed our past over and over again. Buddha

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