University of Colorado at Denver. School of Public Affairs. CJ 6600, International Terrorism

Transcription

1 University of Colorado at Denver School of Public Affairs CJ 6600, International Terrorism Spring Semester 2015 Thursday 6:30 9:15 pm Joseph T. Airey Course Location: South Denver Campus, South Peoria Street, Parker, CO, Room N203 Canvas shell: CRJU 6600 D01 Purpose: The purpose of this course will be to provide both an academic and a practical understanding of modern transnational terrorism. The course will examine the definition of terrorism, and how the definition shapes a nation s approach to the problem. We will explore how terrorist operate, and investigate the function and utility of their actions. The principles of international and domestic law as they apply to terrorism will be reviewed, as will the means by which terrorists fund their activities. The course will assess the moral and ethical aspects of terrorism and counter terrorism, and will examine the potential for terrorist groups to acquire and use Weapons of Mass Destruction. Finally, the course will examine counter terrorist operations, and evaluate how terrorist groups might be brought to an end. Course objectives will include: 1. Examine terrorism as a dynamic process; 2. Understand the context, roots, and manifestations of modern terrorism; 3. Examine terrorist groups and operations; 4. Review and assess counter terrorism strategies; 5. Study perceptions of modern terrorist threats and the responses to those threats; 6. Develop strategies to engage and defeat terrorism. Required Texts/Reading Materials: Books: 1. Combs, Cindy C. Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century. Boston: Pearson/Longman, Seventh Edition. ISBN-13: (paperback) Articles/Papers: 1

2 2. Airey Joseph, Post 9/11 Terrorism Financing by Non-Traditional Methods. Posted on Canvas. 3. Argo, Nichole. Human Bombs: Rethinking Religion and Terror, Audit of the Conventional Wisdom (MIT Center for International Studies), April Available for download at: web.mit.edu/cis/pdf/argo_audit_4.06.pdf 4. Clarke, John L. Managing Counterterrorism Crises. In Harmon pg (provided in a pdf on Canvas). 5. Crenshaw, Martha. Explaining Suicide Terrorism: A Review Essay. Security Studies, Volume 16, Available for download at: 6. Ganor, Boaz Defining Terrorism - Is One Man s Terrorist Another Man s Freedom Fighter? International Institute for Counter-Terrorism. Available for download at: 7. Hoffman, Bruce. The Logic of Suicide Terrorism. Atlantic Magazine, June Available for download at: 8. Hoffman, Bruce "Low-Tech Terrorism." National Interest (130): Academic Search Alumni Edition, EBSCOhost (accessed June 16, 2014). Will be posted on Canvas. 9. Jenkins, Brian Michael Stray Dogs and Virtual Armies: Radicalization and Recruitment to Jihadist Terrorism in the United States Since 9/11. Santa Monica, CA: RAND. Available for download at: Jones, Seth G., Libicki, Martin C. How Terrorist Groups End: Lessons for Countering al Qa ida. Rand Corporation Available for download from Rand Corporation at: Johnson, James Turner. Just War Theory: Responding Morally to Global Terrorism. Article will be posted as a pdf on Canvas. 12. Lobel, Jules. The War on Terrorism and Civil Liberties. Available for download at: 2

3 13. Morrison, Greg and Airey, Joseph. Special Event Safety and Security. Law Enforcement Bulletin, April, Available for download at: National Strategy for Combating Terrorism, September Available for download at National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction. Available for download at Orend, Brian. War. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Available for download at: Rineheart, Jason. Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency. Available for download at: Rabassa, Angel et. al. Beyond al-qaeda: The Global Jihadist Movement. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation, ISBN-13: (trade paperback). Available gratis from the Rand Corporation: Roth, John; Greenburg, Douglas; Wille, Serena. National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. Monograph on Terrorist Financing, Available for download at: Schmitt, Michael N. Counter-Terrorism and the Use of Force in International Law. Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany: Marshall Center for European Security, ISBN: (paperback), and available gratis online at: mc-paper_5-en.pdf 21. Sageman, Marc. Understanding Jihadi Networks, Strategic Insights, Volume IV, Issue 4 (April 2005). Available for download at: 3

4 22. Slater, Jerome. Tragic Choices in the War on Terrorism: Should We Try to Regulate and Control Torture? Political Science Quarterly, Summer 2006, Available for download at: gic%20choices%20in%20the%20war%20on%20terrorism.pdf 23. USA Patriot Act. Available for download at: Wither, James K. Engaging Reconcilables: Dialog and Negotiation as Couterterrorism Strategies. In Harmon, pg (provided in a pdf on Canvas) Optional Texts: 1. Christopher C. Harmon, Andrew N. Pratt, Sebastian Gorka. Toward a Grand Strategy Against Terrorism McGraw-Hill, First Edition, ISBN (paperback) 2. Pape, Robert A., Feldman, James K. Cutting the Fuse: The Explosion of Global Suicide Terrorism and How to Stop It. University of Chicago Press, ISBN-13: (paperback) Graded Events: 1. Short essay on the definition of terrorism (3-5 pages): 15% 2. Short essay on a terrorism event (3-5 pages): 15% 3. Class presentation of the terrorism event essay: 10% 4. Research Paper (12-15 pages): 40% You are responsible for developing a terrorism response strategy for a specific group on the U.S. Department of State s Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) list (online at You will critically examine the group s history, organization, philosophy, range of operations, funding and level of support and ascertain whether it reasonably fits the definition of a terrorist organization. You will examine the threat the group poses to the international community, to include the United States, and establish in detail what resources should be expended on the group, to include intelligence, law enforcement, diplomatic, and military options or capabilities. Finally, you will predict how the group might end, justifying your assessment. 4

5 5. Presentation of Research Paper in class (15 minutes with 5 minutes for questions): 20% You will concisely present your findings to the class in a formal manner as though you were briefing a panel of policy experts. The presentation should be polished and utilize multiple presentation styles (lecture, Power Point, handouts, short video clips, etc.). Detailed Class Schedule: Session One: Course overview, Administrative Issues. Introductions; syllabus review; expectations and policies. Session Two: Defining Terrorism (What is a terrorist? Who is a terrorist?) 1. Combs 1-17: An Idea Whose Time Has Come? 2. Combs 18-34: Not a Modern Phenomenon. 3. Combs, 35-53: Ideology and Terrorism: Rights from Wrongs? 4. Combs, 54-83: Criminals or Crusaders? 5. Combs, : Terrorism by the State. 6. Ganor, Boaz: Defining Terrorism: Is One Man s Terrorist Another Man s Freedom Fighter 1. The Tragedy of the Munich Games (selected chapters viewed and discussed in class) Session Three: The Nature of Terrorism 1. Combs, : Terrorism, Inc. 2. Combs, : Terrorist Training. 3. Combs, : The Media, a Weapon for Both Sides? 4. Sageman, Marc, Understanding Jihadi Networks 1. The Hamburg Cell (viewed and discussed in class) Optional Reading: 1. Pratt, Andrew Nichols. Terrorism s Evolution: Yesterday, Today, Forever. In Harmon, pg

6 Note: a list of significant terrorist events will be handed out for the short essay paper due in session seven. Session Four: The Function and Utility of Terrorism: Terrorism versus Insurgency 1. Rineheart, Jason, Counterterrorism and Counterinsurgency 1. Battle For Algiers ( viewed and discussed in class). Optional Reading: 1. Cavoli, Christopher G. The Contribution of Counterinsurgency to a Strategy to Combat Global Terrorism. In Harmon, pg Graded Requirement: Essay one due in class. Review and critique at least three selected definitions of terrorism and propose your own, justifying its focus and content. Session Five: The Function and Utility of Terrorism: Suicide Bombing 1. Argo, Nichole. Human Bombs: Rethinking Religion and Terror, Audit of the Conventional Wisdom (MIT Center for International Studies), April 2006, available gratis at 2. Crenshaw, Martha. Explaining Suicide Terrorism: A Review Essay. 3. Hoffman, Bruce. The Logic of Suicide Terrorism 1. The Cult of the Suicide Bomber (select chapters viewed/discussed in class) Optional Reading: 1. Pape, Robert A., Felman, James K. Cutting the Fuse, The Explosion of Global Suicide Terrorism and How to Stop It, pages 1-43 Session Six: The Rule of Law versus Terrorism 1. Combs, : International Legal Perspectives on Terrorism 2. Combs, : The Use of Force to Combat Terrorism 6

7 3. Combs, : The Use of Legislation and Intelligence to Combat Terrorism 4. Lobel, Jules. The War on Terrorism and Civil Liberties. 5. Schmitt, Michael N. Counter Terrorism and the Use of Force in International Law. Guest Lecturer: Chief Division Counsel Robert Goffi, FBI Session Seven: Financing Terror and Terrorism Event Presentations 1. Roth, John; Greenburg, Douglas; Wille, Serena. National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States: Monograph on Terrorism Financing. Pages Joseph Airey. Post 9/11 Terrorism Financing by Non-Traditional Methods. 3. USA Patriot Act Optional reading: 1. Realuyo, Celina. Follow the terrorist money trail. In Harmon, pg Graded Requirement: Essay number two due in class. From the list provided in Session Two, provide a succinct overview of a major terrorist event from the last 20 years. Identify the group, its social and political agenda, its organizational structure, the tactics used, and the results. Establish whether the group continues to pose a threat, and if so, to whom. Essays will be presented to the class (maximum 10 minutes each). Individual presentations may be spread over several class periods as necessary. Session Eight: Moral Aspects in the War on Terror 1. Slater, Jerome. Tragic Choices in the War on Terrorism: Should We Try to Regulate and Control Torture? Political Science Quarterly, Summer 2006, Johnson, James Turner. Just War Theory: Responding Morally to Global Terrorism. 3. Orend, Brian. War. 7

8 Session Nine: Non-Conventional Terror: Weapons of Mass Destruction 1. Combs, : The New Terrorist Threat: Weapons of Mass Destruction 2. National Strategy to Combat Weapons of Mass Destruction. 3. Hoffman, Bruce. Low Tech Terrorism. 1. Dirty War ( viewed and discussed in class) Session Ten: Security Responses to Terrorist Threats 1. Combs, : Investigation: The Intelligence Initiative 2. Combs, : Security measures: a Frail Defense 1. Liquid Bomb Plot ( viewed and discussed in class). Optional Reading: 2. Harmon, Christopher. Illustrations of Discrete Uses of Force. In Harmon, pg Le Beau, John J. Intelligence and Counterterrorism: Examining the Critical Tools of Secrecy and Cooperation. In Harmon, pg Session Eleven: Terrorism and the Homeland (Domestic Threats) 1. Combs, : Domestic Terrorism in the United States. 2. National Strategy for Combating Terrorism 3. Jenkins, Brian. Stray Dogs and Virtual Armies: Radicalization and Recruitment to Jihadist Terrorism in the United States Since 9/11. 8

9 Guest Lecture: SSA Eric Jergenson, FBI Denver. Zazi Presentation. Session Twelve: Counter Terrorist Operations/Crisis Management Required reading: 1. Clarke, John L. Managing Counterterrorism Crises. In Harmon pg (provided in a pdf) 2. Morrison, Greg and Airey, Joseph. Special Event Safety and Security. 1. Mumbai (viewed and discussed in class) Session Thirteen: Talking To Terrorists: Diplomacy, Dialog, and Negotiations 1. Wither, James K. Engaging Reconcilables: Dialog and Negotiation as Couterterrorism Strategies. In Harmon, pg (provided in a pdf) Optional Reading: 1. Litt, David and Peters, Mary Ann. Diplomacy: The First Weapon Against the Terrorist. In Harmon, pg Session Fourteen: How Does Terrorism End? Al Qaeda overview/update. 1. Jones, Seth G., Libiki, Martin C. How Terrorist Groups End. Rand, July Rabassa, Angel et al. Beyond al-qaeda: The Global Jihadist Movement. Hunting UBL (viewed and discussed in class) Optional Reading: 9

10 1. Harmon, Christopher C. How Terrorist Groups End: Studies of the Twentieth Century. In Harmon, pg Session Fifteen: Research Paper Presentations (15 minutes, no more than eight PPT slides) Graded requirements: Research Papers and Research Paper Presentations are due during this class. Papers (along with handouts and slides) will be submitted in both hard copy and electronically via . Course Policies: 1. Grades will be based upon written assignments, in-class presentations, and meaningful class participation. There will be five graded events as follows: Short essay on the definition of terrorism (3-5 pages): 15% Short essay on a terrorism event (3-5 pages): 15% Presentation of terrorism event essay: 10% Research Paper (12-15 pages): 40% Presentation of Research Paper: 20 % Total: 100% Grading Scale (points or %) A A B B B C C C D D D F 10

11 Grades will be noted on written papers and returned in class. If you wish to have the final paper returned, you will need to provide a stamped, self addressed 9x12 inch envelope before the last class. Grades will also be posted online. Web grading information can be found at 2. Late papers will not be accepted unless approved in advance. Please speak with me to resolve problems you encounter. There will be no extra credit assignments. 3. Class attendance and participation is essential for success. It is your responsibility to clarify reasons for absences with me prior to the next class. The UC Denver Student Attendance and Absences Policy can be reviewed at ntattendance.pdf 4. Incomplete Grades: The current University of Colorado Denver policy concerning incomplete grades will be followed in this course. 5. Submitted written work will be typed, double spaced and must adhere to the APA style of the discipline. Written work will be evaluated for composition and grammar. 6. Canvas will be used for this course. Lecture notes, additional readings, and other course information will be posted on at least a weekly basis. 7. Academic Honesty: Plagiarism is the use of another person s words or ideas without crediting that person. Plagiarism and cheating will not be tolerated and may lead to failure on an assignment, in the class, and dismissal from the University. You are responsible for being attentive to or observant of campus policies about academic honesty as stated in the Student Handbook at: erships/beijing/currentstudents/student%20handbook/pages/student%20handbook.aspx 8. Access, Disability, Communication: The University of Colorado Denver is committed to providing reasonable accommodation and access to programs and services to persons with disabilities. Students with disabilities who want academic accommodations must register with Disability Resources and Services (DRS), 177 Arts Building, , TTY , FAX I will be happy to provide approved accommodations, once you provide me with a copy of DRS s letter. 11

12 9. Student success: Doing the required reading assigned for each class before coming to class is necessary to benefit from what we do in class. The Course Schedule indicates the dates by which reading assignments must be completed before class. You are not being asked to accept ideas uncritically. On the contrary, it is essential that you challenge ideas with which you disagree or about which you are skeptical. You also should be able to support ideas with which you agree using appropriate evidence (i.e., not just "I agree"; why do you agree?). Thus, critical thinking about the reading (as well as s you will see as part of the course, what goes on in class, and assignments) is important. Ask yourself such questions as: Do I "buy" the idea? Does the concept or procedure make sense? Why? What is the evidence for or against an idea? What limitations does the idea have? What are my views on an issue and what leads me to think that way? These are just a few of the questions that stimulate critical thinking. 10. Course Communication: In addition to announcements made and written handouts distributed in class, I may need to contact you between classes, which I'll do through individual and group messages and via Canvas. One of the requirements for this course is that you maintain an address, check it regularly for messages, be sure it is working, and let me know if you change your address. You are responsible for any messages, including assignments and schedule changes, I send you via Civility: Turn off cell phones and other electronic communication devices during class. Adherence to the Student Conduct Code is expected. 12. Campus Assessment, Response & Evaluation (CARE): This is a team created at the University of Colorado Denver to address the health and safety needs of students. More information is available at Students called for military duty: If you are a student in the military with the potential of being called to military service and /or training during the course of the semester, you are encouraged to contact your school/college Associate Dean or Advising Office immediately. 14. The academic calendar can be viewed at 12