LENIN'S FIGHT AGAINST REVISIONISM AND OPPORTUNISM

Transcription

1 mem LENIN'S FIGHT AGAINST REVISIONISM AND OPPORTUNISM Compiled by CHENG YEN-SHIH FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESS PEKING 1965

2 CONTENTS PREFACE 1 1. REPUDIATING ECONOMISM AND BERNSTEINISM 9 The Strategic Revolutionary Task of, the Proletariat 9 The Fight Against Economism with Its Worship of Spontaneity and Its Obsession with Economic Struggles 11 The Opportunists of All Countries Praise Each Other and Come Out Together Against Marxism THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CREATION OF A REV OLUTIONARY PROLETARIAN PARTY OF A NEW TYPE. ' 24 The Two Diametrically Opposed Lines with Regard to the Building of the Party 24 The Gross Interference of the Second International Is Rebuffed and the Bolshevik Party Maintains Its Independence and Purity 32 Printed in the People's Republic of China 3. THE FIGHT AGAINST THE OPPORTUNIST TACTI CAL LINE IN THE 1905 RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 35 The Outbreak of the Revolution and the Differences over the Tactical Line 35 Should the Proletariat Strive for Leadership of the Democratic Revolution? 30 What Should Be Our Attitude Towards Revolutionary Violence by the People? 41 To Continue the Revolution or to Stop Half-Way? 44 Two Appraisals of the Revolution of

3 MM 4. THE STRUGGLE AT THE STUTTGART CONGRESS 50 The German Social-Democratic Party Uses Its Prestige to Manipulate the Congress and Spread Its Erroneous Ideas 50 The Adoption of a Correct Resolution on Anti-Militarism as a Result of Struggle 52 The Fight Against "Socialist Colonial Policy" and the Theory of Trade Union Neutrality 55 The Least Creditable Features of German Social- Democracy Should Not Be Held Up as a Model Worthy of Imitation THE THEORETICAL STRUGGLE AGAINST THE RE VISIONISTS DURING THE EBB TIDE OF THE REV OLUTION 60 The Revisionist Philosophy of "Mutiny on One's Knees" 60 From Kant to Hume and Berkeley 63 Can New Discoveries in Natural Science Negate the Philosophical Basis of Marxism? 65 You Cannot Judge a Man, or a Philosophical School, by the Outside Label 66 The Struggle Between Marxism and Revisionism Is the Prelude to the Great Revolutionary Battles of the Proletariat THE STRUGGLES AGAINST THE LIQUIDATORS, THE OTZOVISTS AND TROTSKY 72 Liquidators Make a Fetish of Bourgeois Legality 73 "Liquidationism on the Left" and Trotsky, Who Veered with the Wind 76 Unity with the Liquidators Is Impossible THE COPENHAGEN AND BASLE CONGRESSES 81 The Struggle Against Reformism on the Question of Co-operative Societies 81 On the Question of War the Opportunists Show Themselves as Renegades 83 The Basle Manifesto a Famous Document Against Imperialist War THE STRUGGLE AGAINST SOCIAL-CHAUVINISM 89 The Social-Chauvinists Help Reaction to Send the Workers to Slaughter Each Other 89 Upholding the Basle Manifesto and Exposing the Reactionary Slogan of "Defence of the Fatherland" 91 Social-Chauvinism Is a Ripe "Bourgeois Abscess Inside the Socialist Parties" EXPOSING AND REFUTING KAUTSKYISM 98 The Philistine Does Not Understand That War Is a "Continuation of Politics" 99 Imperialism Is Monopolistic, Decaying, Moribund Capitalism 103 "Ultra-Imperialism" an Opportunist Theory in the Service of Monopoly Capital THE STRUGGLE AGAINST SOCIAL-PACIFISM 111 Peace Propaganda Unaccompanied by the Call for Revolution Serves Only to Fool the Masses 111 Imperialist Peace Is the Continuation of the Imperialist Policy of War 113 While There Is Still Class Oppression, the Demand for "Disarmament" Amounts to the Abandonment of All Revolution THE STRUGGLE AGAINST OPPORTUNISM ON THE NATIONAL QUESTION AND THE NATIONAL AND COLONIAL QUESTION 118 The Division of Nations into Oppressing and Oppressed Nations, and the Two Historical Trends on the National Question 119 The Great Significance of the National-Liberation Movement of the Colonial and Dependent Countries 121 Supporting the National-Liberation Movement of the Oppressed Nations and Opposing Reactionary Nationalism 123 Refuting the Fallacy of the Opportunists on the National Question 127

4 li-ued 12. UNITING THE LEFT AND HOLDING ALOFT THE. BANNER OF PROLETARIAN INTERNATIONALISM 131 At the International Conferences of Women and Youth 132 The Zimmerwald Conference an Immense Achievement in Uniting the Revolutionary Groups 134.Some Kinds of Compromises May Be Concluded with the Kautskyites, but the Political and Ideological Struggle Must Never Cease 136 It Is Not a Question of Numbers, but of Giving Correct Expression to the Ideas and Policy of the Truly Revolutionary Proletariat THE STRUGGLE FOR THE GREAT OCTOBER SO- : CIALIST REVOLUTION 141 The Bourgeois-Democratic Revolution Must Be Turned into a Socialist Revolution 141 The Old State Machine Must Be Smashed and a New One Built 145 The Working Class Would Prefer to Take Power Peacefully but the Bourgeoisie Will Never Voluntarily Retire from the Stage of History 151 Those Who Refuse to Undertake Armed Insurrection When the Decisive Battle Has to Be Fought Are "Miserable Traitors to the Proletarian Cause" THE EFFORT WHICH WAS MADE THROUGH STRUGGLE TO ACHIEVE PEACE AND PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE 159 Gaining a Respite to Consolidate Soviet Power 159 There Are No Obstacles on Our Side to Peaceful Coexistence 166 The Only Road to Lasting World Peace UPHOLDING THE DICTATORSHIP OF THE PRO LETARIAT AND CLASS STRUGGLE DURING THE PERIOD OF TRANSITION 174 The Chief Criterion Distinguishing the Marxists from the Opportunists 174 Kautsky Distorts the Dictatorship of the Proletariat Concept, Ruling Out the Use of Revolutionary Violence 176 Failure to Carry' On the Class Struggle to the End Presents the Danger of the Restoration of Bourgeois Rule THE ESTABLISHMENT AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL ON THE BASIS OF THE SURGING REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT' 192 The Heroic, Resolute Struggle of the Proletariat and the Shameless Betrayal by the Opportunists 192 The New, Revolutionary International and the Rotten, Yellow International 196 Only Parties Which Had Broken with the Opportunists Could Affiliate to the Third International CRITICISM OF THE "LEFT-WING" INFANTILE DIS ORDER IN THE COMMUNIST MOVEMENT 205 The Two Erroneous Trends in the Working-Class Movement 205 The Combination of Universal Laws and National Characteristics 208 The Leaders, the Party, the Class, the Masses and Party Discipline 210 It Is Necessary to Master All Forms of Struggle 214 The Compromises of a Revolutionary and the Compromises of a Traitor 219 Revolutionary Fervour and Coolness of Mind THE PERIOD OF TRANSITION TO THE NEW ECO NOMIC POLICY; THE STRUGGLE AGAINST THE OPPORTUNIST FACTIONS OF TROTSKY, BUKHARIN AND OTHERS 227 The Situation and Tasks During the Period of National Economic Restoration 227 The Debate over the Question of the Trade Unions 230 Refuting the Anarcho-Syndicalist Deviation 233 Getting the Peasants to Take the Socialist Road via Co-operation 335

5 If 19. RESOLUTE SUPPORT FOR THE PROLETARIAN REVOLUTION AND THE NATIONAL-LIBERATION MOVEMENTS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD 238 The Socialist Countries Must Support World Revolu- ' ' tion ' 238 Workers and Oppressed Nations of the World, Unite, Oppose the Common Enemy! ' 243 The Proletariat Must Lead the National-Democratic Revolution -' 245 The Future of the World Will Be Deqided by the People, the Great Majority of Its Population 248 CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY; Lenin's Principal Writings Against Revisionism and Opportunism 259 INDEX 265