The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Transcription

1 The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar National Workshop on Trade Facilitation and the Implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar 4-5 June 2015

2 The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Introduction to Single Window & paperless trade by Dr. Yann Duval, Chief, Trade Facilitation Unit, Trade and Investment Division, UN ESCAP National Workshop on Trade Facilitation and the Implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement, Nay Pyi Taw, 4-5 June 2015

3 Paperless Trade? Paperless Trade Conduct of trade activities on the basis of electronic rather than paper documents e.g. electronic Customs declaration, electronic cert. of origin Shipper Exporter Forwarder eco Customs Importer (application of ICT to trade procedures) Chamber Inspection Paperless Trade Systems Legal/regulatory and technical frameworks in which paperless trade transactions take place e.g. electronic Single Window facility, e-port management systems, Framework Act on Electronic Transaction (in RoK) 3

4 Single Window? one-stop facility to exchange information between traders and government, thereby reducing the complexity, time and costs involved in international trade Typical Features of a Single Window Lodging standardized information and documents with a single entry point only once. Sharing information among government agencies. Providing a single source of trade related government information Allowing payment of duties and other charges. Facilitating coordinated controls and inspections of various government authorities. 4

5 Why a Single Window?

6 Benefits of Single Window Government Effective & Efficient Deployment of Resources Correct Revenue Yield Improved Trader Compliance Enhanced Security Increased Integrity & Transparency Single Window 6 Traders Cutting Costs through Reducing Delays Faster Clearance & Release Predictable Application and Explanation of Rules Effective & Efficient Deployment of Resources Increased Transparency

7 Single Window and Trade Efficiency Selected Countries National SW Ease of trading across border World Rank Logistics Performance- World Rank Singapore Yes 1 2 Hong Kong, China Yes 2 13 Rep. of Korea Yes 8 23 Thailand Yes Malaysia Yes China No Viet Nam No Cambodia No Iran No Nepal No Source: Based on Doing Business and LPI 2010 rankings 7

8 Single Window Implementation (Step-by-step Approach) ICT Application Data Harmonization Business Process Analysis 8

9 Requirements to Single Window Implementation Stakeholder Coordination Legal Framework Political Will (Mandate) Business Model Technical Issues 9

10 Political Will and Strategic Mandate Business Case Political Buy-in Sustainability Competitive Edge Economic Impact 10

11 Korean Case: Political Commitment at the Top Level National e-trade Committee Private e-trade Committee Chair : Prime Minister Chair : Dr. Jung Uck, Seo Administrative Committee Chair : Vice Minister of MOCIE Korea e-trade Facilitation Center Platform W/G Law W/G Finance W/G Logistics W/G Marketing W/G Global W/G e-tp PM e-tdr Law Reform e-l/c e-nego RFID e-l/g e-d/o Source: Hee-Chul Jung, Republic of Korea UN/CEFACT Single Window Repository 11 e-mp e-catalog Solutions e-c/o e-b/l APEC,ASEM Bilateral Networking

12 Thai Case: Political link through Strategic Mandate Vision World Class Logistics System to support Thai Business and Industries Objectives 1. Cost Efficiency / Responsiveness / Reliability and Security 2. Business value creation Strategic Agendas Manufacturing Logistics improvement Infrastructure and logistics network optimization Logistics service international-ization Trade facilitation enhancement Capacity building Manufacturing logistics Action Plan 3. Trade logistics Action Plan 4. Single Window e-logistics Development Plan (SWeL) 5. Logistics data system Action Plan 1. Urgent logistics Development AP Logistics human resource development Action Plan 12 Source: Suriyon (NESDB), ESCAP/ECE SW Workshop, Mongolia, 2009

13 Stakeholder Coordination Clear Scope Proper Communication Channel Strong Lead Agency 13

14 Importance of Inter-agency Coordination: Indonesia Ministry of Energy Ministry of Environme nt Nuclear Control NA National Police Central Bank Ministry of Agriculture Ministry Of Trade Indonesia National Single Window (INSW) Customs & Excise FDA Animal Quarantine Fish Quarantine POST & TELCo Ministry of Industry Ministry of Defense Source: Muwasiq Noor, Capacity Building Workshop on Implementing Single Window Environment for Mongolia (2014) Ministry of Transporta tion Port Authority Ministry of ICT Ministry of Health

15 National Team for INDONESIA NSW Preparation Advisor : Coord. Minister for Economic Affairs (CMEA) Head : Minister of Finance Vice Head - I : Minister of Trade Vice Head - II : Minister of Transportation Executive Director Vice Executive Director - I Vice Executive Director - II Vice Executive Director - III Anggota : Deputy IV, CMEA : DG of Customs and Excise : DG of International Trade : DG of Sea Transportation : Chief Executive of 19 GAs Oversight and Internal Steering Committee Secretariat Expert Group Working Group - Legal Working Group Information Technology Working Group Business Process Working Group - Institutional Working Group International Relation Technical Team for Development & 15 Implementation

16 Thai Case: Broad Stakeholder Engagement 16 Source: Suriyon (NESDB), ESCAP/ECE SW Workshop, Mongolia, 2009

17 Legal Framework Enabling Legal Environment Legal basis for Single Window e-documents Liability Data protection e-archiving Data quality Data access authority IPR and data ownership Competition Single Window structure & organization Arbitration and dispute resolution Identification, authentication & authorization Source: UN/CEFACT Recommendation 35 17

18 Single Window Models Single Window Establishment & Operation Public Partnership Private 18

19 Role of Private Sector and Public-Private Partnership: Malaysia Stage 4: National Single Window Stage 1: The Isolated Organisation Objective: Automate internal processes Internal information systems Scenario: Internal LAN Stage 2: The Connected Organisations Objective: Connect with major business partners for critical business processes Many to one connectivity To exchange messages Scenario: Ethernet connection WAN Stage 3: The Community System Objective: Linking all trading parties within the community to exchange messages/data electronically through a single connectivity Regulatory declarations Manifests Scenario: Community portal Integration with web technology Use of message standards Objectives: Increase efficiency in the trade facilitation value chain by exchanging messages/data electronically through a single connectivity and promoting the reusability of data; a paperless and error-free process environment Electronic commerce is promoted as the means of inter-organisation communication Increased connectivity and integration with all trading parties Increased use of ICT (Information Communication & Technology) as the enabling tools Foster integration by connecting multi-modal operations, improving the cooperation of the Trade Community Scenario: (Connecting to the world) Web services Use of message standards Phased movement towards a Single Window Source: Eswaran (Dagang Net, Malaysia) (2011)

20 More of an evolution than a revolution: Singapore Source: UNNExT Brief #2

21 An Evolutionary Long-term Roadmap for SW Development (but not necessary in a sequential fashion) Stage A: [Customs SW] Paperless Customs + e-payment for Customs Duty + e-manifest + and electronic risk-based inspection Stage B: [Regulatory SW] Connecting Other Government Back-end IT systems, and e-permit/e-certificate Exchange with Paperless Customs System Stage C: [PCS] e-document/data Exchange among Stakeholders within the (air, sea) port community Stage D: [Integrated SW] An integrated national logistics platform also with National e-logistics Platform traders, regulators and logistics-service Traders providers information exchange Port Community System Stage E: A regional Information Exchange information-exchange environment Other Regulatory Agencies for E-Permits/e-Certificates Exchange Paperless Customs Freight Forwarders A regional information exchange system or cross-border paperless trade Banks for various kinds of e-payment Insurance Companies Importer/Exporter/ Customs Broker/ Representative/ other Stakeholders Internet Note 1 - Stage C can be developed before with Stage B. NSW Note 2 The evolution may not be sequential, e.g. Stage B & C may be developed seperately in parallel, and may then be interconnected later. Terminal Operators Air Port Authority Port Authority etc. Ship Agents/ Vessels Airlines Duty Free Zones Freight Forwarders and Logistics Service Providers

22 Single Window beyond Border: Regional Initiatives Type Countries/Economies/Cases National Single Window (in Operation) Single Window (under Development) Other Paperless Trade Systems Azerbaijan, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand All other ASEAN countries, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Turkey, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Russian Federation, India - India s Indian Customs EDI System (ICES) - China s e-ports - Digital Trade & Transport Network (DTTN) of Hong Kong, China - Pakistan s Web-Based One Customs (WeBOC) Bilateral Initiatives Subregional /Regional Initiatives - Electronic Certificate of Origin between Republic of Korea and Taiwan Province of China - Electronic Exchange of Preferential Certificate of Origin among ASEAN members - Electronic Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary (e-sps) exchange between Australia and New Zealand - ASEAN Single Window - Pan Asian e-commerce Alliance (PAA) - ESCAP Regional Agreement for the facilitation of crossborder paperless trade (under negotiation) 22

23 an ongoing community of knowledge and practice to facilitate the implementation of single window and paperless trade in the Asia- Pacific region Tools and guides development activities Advocacy and Technical Training Workshops Knowledge sharing and peer-to-peer support United Nations Network of Experts for Paperless Trade and Transport in Asia and the Pacific unnext.unescap.org 23

24 UNNExT Single Window Implementation Toolkit for Trade Facilitation

25 *For more information, visit: unnext.unescap.org

26 *

27 Strong Intergovernmental Commitment: ASEAN Single Window (ASW) Source: ASW Technical Guide V6 (2006)

28 ASW Architecture Design Source: Marianne Wong, UNNExT Brief No. 13 (2015)

29 ASW Development & Progress Strong top-down intergovernmental agreement helps parties to take proactive actions. Progress is slow, even at the level of implementing National Single Windows (NSWs), mainly due to capacity gaps among members. Pilot trade data exchange has started with selected documents and data among ready members Customs declaration and preferential certificate of origin Full operation of ASW may take quite a long time, yet it may not be able to share trade data at a whole document level, but at specific data level. 29

30 Private Sector led Regional Initiative: Pan Asian ecommerce Alliance (PAA) 30

31 PAA: Case of electronic certificate of Origin Source: UNNExT Brief No. 9 (2009)

32 PAA: intergovernmental framework needed to support cross-border exchange of electronic trade documents PAA innovates its business models to enable cross-border trade data exchange and achieved good progress in facilitating B2B trade transaction data, but has limited success in facilitating B2G trade data exchange, let alone G2G. As an alliance of private sector service providers, PAA cannot provide intergovernmental coordination in facilitating cross-border trade data exchange. express our strong collective commitment to support the Regional Agreement/Framework Agreement on Facilitation of Cross-border Paperless Trade for sustainable intraregional trade facilitation PAA Declaration (Dec 2013)

33 * Challenges to moving forward on cross-border paperless trade Adoption of common International Standards Harmonization of legal frameworks Capacity gaps among the parties Cooperation between public and private sectors Lack of intergovernmental coordination mechanism

34 Key features of current draft text Objective: to facilitate cross-border paperless trade (by providing a dedicated intergovernmental framework to develop legal and technical solutions) A set of general principles to facilitate interoperability between paperless trade systems and that solutions developed under the arrangement lead both to higher levels of trade facilitation and regulatory compliance A multi-layered institutional arrangement as an operating platform A comprehensive action plan to develop standardized solutions and protocols for cross-border electronic exchange and recognition of trade-related data and documents, including pilot projects Strong capacity building provisions UN treaty text (i.e., once text is finalized, it would be opened for signature by willing ESCAP Member states; would come into force after 5 ESCAP Member States sign and ratify it)

35 The issue: Facilitating international trade inherently requires that information flows seamlessly across borders along international supply chains, but this has yet to happen as paperless trade systems (e.g., SW) have focused only on electronic exchange of data/documents among domestic stakeholders. Link to WTO TFA: Complementary to the WTO TFA, as aimed at facilitating application of information and communication technologies to trade facilitation measures (including single window)

36 Process & progress towards a regional arrangement on the facilitation of cross-border paperless trade Regional study/ Expert reviews Member Consultations Ad hoc Intergovern-mental meeting Moving Forward Feasibility Study for a regional arrangement (Aug-Dec 2012) Expert Review Meeting (1 Nov 2012) and online Review (Feb. 2013) Two Expert Group Meetings (Mar. - May 2013) 3 sub-regional (Southeast, South & South West, and East and North-East) meetings (July 2013) Regional meeting (Sep. 2013) Report to 3 rd Session of Committee on Trade and Investment (Nov 2013) Negotiation and improvement of the draft text of regional arrangement (April 2014) Decision to establish an Interim Intergovernmental Steering Group on Cross-border Paperless Trade Facilitation Report Implementation progress to the 70 th Session of the Commission (Aug 2014) Interim Intergovernmental Steering Group further improves the draft text of a regional arrangement, and start drafting a roadmap for implementation (April 2015) Please visit for details. 8

37 Way Forward on the Regional Arrangement on the Facilitation of Cross-Border Paperless Trade in Asia and the Pacific First Meeting of the Interim Intergovernmental Steering Group on Cross-Border Paperless Trade held on 1-3 April 2014 in Bangkok Meeting decided to establish LEGAL and TECHNICAL Working Groups All Seat of Governments to nominate PUBLIC and/or PRIVATE sector experts to the Working Groups by the end of July 2015 To meet in Bangkok in September and November 2015, and report to the 2 nd Steering Group Meeting in April 2016